An examination of people of color supervision dyads: Racial identity matters as much as race.

Considering the growing racial and ethnic diversity among supervisees, the number of clinical supervision dyads comprised of supervisees and supervisors of Color is likely to increase dramatically. Although extant research has focused on supervision that involves White supervisors paired with racial, ethnic, and linguistic minority supervisees, few authors have explored the supervisory dynamics between clinicians of color and supervisees of Color. This study used a qualitative analysis of structured survey responses provided by supervisees of Color to argue that racial identity (i.e., supervisors’ and supervisees’ psychological experiences of race), more than race is essential for managing the racial dynamics of supervisory dyads involving two people of Color. Using Helms Racial Identity Social Interaction Model (Helms, 1990, 1995), we use a directed content analysis of participants’ responses to demonstrate common themes that emerge when race is introduced into the supervision relationship. Based on supervisees’ reported experiences, implications for the practice of supervision involving people of Color are offered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Radiobiological and Treatment-Related Aspects of Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy

The continuously evolving field of radiotherapy aims to devise and implement techniques that allow for greater tumour control and better sparing of critical organs. Investigations into the complexity of tumour radiobiology confirmed the high heterogeneity of tumours as being responsible for the often poor treatment outcome. Hypoxic subvolumes, a subpopulation of cancer stem cells, as well as the inherent or acquired radioresistance define tumour aggressiveness and metastatic potential, which remain a therapeutic challenge. Non-conventional irradiation techniques, such as spatially fractionated radiotherapy, have been developed to tackle some of these challenges and to offer a high therapeutic index when treating radioresistant tumours. The goal of this article was to highlight the current knowledge on the molecular and radiobiological mechanisms behind spatially fractionated radiotherapy and to present the up-to-date preclinical and clinical evidence towards the therapeutic potential of this technique involving both photon and proton beams.     

Thioethyl‐Porphyrazine/Nanocarbon Hybrids for Photoinduced Electron Transfer

A novel pyrene‐substituted thioethyl‐porphyrazine ( PzPy ) and the formation of supramolecular assembly with nanocarbons demonstrating photoinduced electron transfer ability are designed. As revealed by spectroscopic and electrochemical studies, PzPy displays wide spectral absorption in the visible range, charge separation upon photoexcitation, as well as bandgap and highest occupied/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO) energy values, matching the key requirements of organic optoelectronic. Moreover, the presence of a pyrene moiety promotes attractive interactions with π‐conjugated systems. In particular, theoretical calculations show that in the PzPy the HOMO and LUMO are localized on different positions of the molecule, i.e., the HOMO on the pyrene moiety and the LUMO on the macrocycle. Therefore, HOMO–LUMO excitation gives rise to a charge separation, preventing excitons recombination. Two kinds of noncovalent hybrid composites are prepared by mixing the PzPy with single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and graphene nanoflakes (GNFs), respectively, and used for photocurrent generation through charge transfer processes between PzPy and nanocarbons. Photoconduction experiments show photocurrent generation upon visible light irradiation of both PzPy /SWNT and PzPy /GNF composites (0.78 and 0.71 mA W^?1 at 500 nm, respectively), demonstrating their suitability for optoelectronic applications and light harvesting systems.     

Polynorbornene/MMT nanocomposites via surface-initiated ROMP: synthesis, characterization, and dielectric and thermal properties

Exfoliated polynorbornene (PNBN)/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites were synthesized for the first time by the surface-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization. PNBN is one of the challenging materials in low dielectric films for packaging applications in electric–electronic industries. This is the first example of in situ polymerization of NBN within the catalyst intercalated montmorillonite layers using ROMP in different clay loading degrees. The Na–MMT clay was modified with a Quaternary ammonium salt containing ruthenium complex as a suitable catalyst and intercalant as well. Powder X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated that the resultant nanocomposites exhibited exfoliated morphologies with homogeneous clay platelet distribution. Nanocomposite materials were obtained with high thermal degradation temperature and low dielectric constant when compared with pure PNBN. The dielectric constants decreased with the increase in the clay content.     

Extending the Colloidal Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Library to ReS2 Nanosheets for Application in Gas Sensing and Electrocatalysis

Among the large family of transition metal dichalcogenides, recently ReS₂ has stood out due to its nearly layer‐independent optoelectronic and physicochemical properties related to its 1T distorted octahedral structure. This structure leads to strong in‐plane anisotropy, and the presence of active sites at its surface makes ReS₂ interesting for gas sensing and catalysts applications. However, current fabrication methods use chemical or physical vapor deposition (CVD or PVD) processes that are costly, time‐consuming and complex, therefore limiting its large‐scale production and exploitation. To address this issue, a colloidal synthesis approach is developed, which allows the production of ReS₂ at temperatures below 360 °C and with reaction times shorter than 2h. By combining the solution‐based synthesis with surface functionalization strategies, the feasibility of colloidal ReS₂ nanosheet films for sensing different gases is demonstrated with highly competitive performance in comparison with devices built with CVD‐grown ReS₂ and MoS₂. In addition, the integration of the ReS₂ nanosheet films in assemblies together with carbon nanotubes allows to fabricate electrodes for electrocatalysis for H₂ production in both acid and alkaline conditions. Results from proof‐of‐principle devices show an electrocatalytic overpotential competitive with devices based on ReS₂ produced by CVD, and even with MoS₂, WS₂, and MoSe₂ electrocatalysts.     

TiO(2) fibers enhance film integrity and photovoltaic performance for electrophoretically deposited dye solar cell photoanodes

Nanoparticulated TiO(2) fibers as one-dimensional long structures were introduced into TiO(2) P25 nanoparticle films using coelectrophoretic deposition. This prevented the usual crack formation occurring in wet coatings, and resulted in less porosity and higher roughness factor of the films that provided more favorable conditions for electron transport. The films used as the photoanode of a dye solar cell (DSC) produced 65% higher photovoltaic efficiency. TiO(2) fibers can be excellent binders in single-step, organic-free electrophoretic deposition of TiO(2) for DSC photoanode.     

An example of facade colour design of mass housing

The colours and architectural characteristics of building facades are the major factors affecting the general appearance of cities. When cities are examined from various perspectives, first impressions are obtained from the geometrical forms and facade colours of buildings. The facade colour arrangements should reflect the features of the region and buildings. In this context various features of natural and artificial environments such as plant life, water elements, climate, and historical texture should be examined, and a facade colour arrangement should be designed according to the examination results. In addition, the other factors effective in determining the colour and style of a building, such as social‐cultural background of the society and traditional and natural building materials, should not be forgotten because in some regions traditional buildings with special construction styles, materials, and colours create a specific identity for the settlements and cities. The aims of this article are to elucidate the colour contrast, colour arrangement, and colour design stages of mass housing and to explain the colour design of Bizimkent Mass Housing, which was constructed in a new dwelling zone in Istanbul, Turkey, as an example of such an arrangement. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 27, 291–299, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.10068     

Transport of sodium chloride,urea, and creatinine through membranes derived from methylmethacrylate-co-methacrylic acid and its ionomers

Permeabilities of cast films of methylmethacrylate-co-methacrylic acid (MMA—MAA) and its 5% neutralized Na¹⁺, CS¹⁺, Zn²⁺, Ba²⁺, and Al³⁺ ionomers for urea, sodium chloride, and creatinine were determined using a double (donor and acceptor) compartment cell. Film permeability was increased as the ionic potential decreased and it was more marked with urea as compared with sodium chloride and creatinine. Tensile properties of the above samples were also tested and variations in Young's Moduli were based on the effect of type of aggregates produced by the cations in the matrix of the copolymer. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

The effects of moderately oxidised dietary oil with or without vitamin E supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood traits, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence of male broilers

BACKGROUND: The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of oxidised oil with or without vitamin E on performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood traits, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence system of male broilers. RESULTS: The supplementation of oxidised oil with or without vitamin E to the grower diets did not significantly affect performance, the pH and viscosity values of excreta and nutrient digestibilities in male broilers. Oxidised oil supplementation slightly increased plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations but did not alter plasma glucose concentration. Although malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide concentrations tended to be higher in the oxidised oil group, these increases were not significant. Birds fed the diet containing oxidised oil had significantly lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. However, no differences were observed in glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity and uric acid concentrations of broilers fed oxidised oil as compared to the control group. Dietary vitamin E supplementation decreased MDA concentration whereas increasing SOD activity, suggesting that vitamin E supplementation reduced susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSION: The results showed that a milder oxidative stress occurred by supplementation of moderately oxidised oil to the diet of broilers and vitamin E supplementation had been helpful in alleviating lipid peroxidation. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry