3-氨基喹啉与常用基体在MALDI-TOFMS测定天然提取植物多糖的比较

采用3-氨基喹啉(3-AQ)、二元基体3-AQ/2,5-二羟基苯甲酸(DHB)及常用于糖类物质测定的DHB和二元基体DHB/1-羟基异喹啉(1-HIQ)对一天然提取植物糖样进行了基体辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)分析。实验结果表明:此植物糖样由线形和环形聚己糖组成,其最大分子量至少达3000 Da;3-AQ与常用基体DHB及DHB/HIQ相比较,能提供更准确、更全面的样品组成及分子结构信息,且具有优越于常用基体解吸电离环状糖分子的能力。     

反应烧结制备多孔β-sialon/Si_3N_4陶瓷

以Si粉和Al2O3空心球为原料,采用反应烧结后高温烧结法制备了多孔β-sialon/Si3N4陶瓷。X射线衍射结果表明:在0.25MPa的氮气压力下于1300℃反应烧结2h后在0.25MPa的氮气压力下1700℃及1750℃高温烧结2h,制备的样品的组成为β-sialon(Si6-zAlzOzN8-z,z=3)及β-Si3N4,随着烧结温度由1700℃升高至1750℃,β-sialon的相对质量分数由29.9%增加至56.8%。场发射扫描电镜观察结果表明:1750℃高温烧结样品的显微结构由大孔β-sialon及疏松的β-Si3N4基体组成。1750℃高温烧结后,样品的气孔率为28%,抗弯强度为92.5MPa。     

Preparation and photoelectrocatalytic properties of titania/carbon nanotube composite films

Composite films of TiO₂ and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared on titanium sheets by liquid phase deposition and the photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) properties of the films were investigated through the degradation of methyl orange (MO) in 0.1 M solutions. It was demonstrated that CNTs in the TiO₂ film significantly decreased the charge transfer resistance and increased the anodic photocurrent response of the film under UV light irradiation when the bias was above −0.1 V. The PEC performance of the CNT-based composite film could be tuned by controlling the preparation parameters including the deposition time and calcination temperature. The deposition time and calcination temperature were optimized at 1 h and 450 °C, respectively. On the TiO₂/CNT film prepared under the optimized conditions, 95% of the added MO (10 mg L⁻¹) was degraded within 90 min, which was much higher than the 60% removal seen on the pure TiO₂ films.     

全氧燃烧玻璃熔窑用耐火材料的研究进展

全氧燃烧熔窑可节约燃料,减少NOx排放,降低对环境的污染,提高玻璃质量,提高火焰温度、熔窑熔化能力及熔窑产量,适当降低熔窑建设费用,提高熔窑使用寿命。优质浮法玻璃和高附加值特种玻璃也要求采用更为先进的燃烧工艺和玻璃熔制工艺。分析了全氧窑内大量碱蒸汽和水蒸汽的增加对胸墙、池壁、大碹等关键部位耐火材料的侵蚀及全氧熔窑耐火材料的选材,对600t·d^-1浮法玻璃熔窑耐火材料的使用进行对比分析,并对全氧玻璃熔窑用耐火材料的现状进行了论述及前景进行了展望。     

重氮盐水解制备愈创木酚的实验工艺研究

概述了邻甲氧基苯重氮盐水解制备愈创木酚的机理,指出了反应所需的基本条件。通过单一因素实验研究,考察了水解温度、重氮盐稀释倍数和滴加时间、水酸质量配比、催化剂用量等对水解产品收率的影响,弥补了对重氮盐水解制备愈创木酚工艺进行详细研究的空白。结果表明,水解温度和催化剂用量对产品收率影响显著,重氮盐的稀释倍数、滴加速度和水解液中水酸配比有最佳值。     

Lipidomic Analysis of Plasma from Healthy Men and Women Shows Phospholipid Class and Molecular Species Differences between Sexes

The phospholipid composition of lipoproteins is determined by the specificity of hepatic phospholipid biosynthesis. Plasma phospholipid 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 concentrations are higher in women than in men. We used this sex difference in a lipidomics analysis of the impact of endocrine factors on the phospholipid class and molecular species composition of fasting plasma from young men and women. Diester species predominated in all lipid classes measured. 20/54 Phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) species were alkyl ester, 15/48 phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) species were alkyl ester, and 12/48 PtdEtn species were alkenyl ester. There were no significant differences between sexes in the proportions of alkyl PtdCho species. The proportion of alkyl ester PtdEtn species was greater in women than men, while the proportion of alkenyl ester PtdEtn species was greater in men than women. None of the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) or phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) molecular species contained ether-linked fatty acids. The proportion of PtdCho16:0_22:6, and the proportions of PtdEtn O-16:0_20:4 and PtdEtn O-18:2_20:4 were greater in women than men. There were no sex differences in PtdIns and PtdSer molecular species compositions. These findings show that plasma phospholipids can be modified by sex. Such differences in lipoprotein phospholipid composition could contribute to sexual dimorphism in patterns of health and disease.     

聚四亚甲基醚二醇羟值含量的测定

介绍使用乙酸酐-N-甲基咪唑-二甲基甲酰胺催化酰化法测定聚四亚甲基醚二醇(PTMEG)的羟值含量,讨论了样品用量、酰化温度、酰化时间和酰化剂含水量及稳定性对测定结果的影响.结果表明:使用乙酸酐-N-甲基咪唑-二甲基甲酰胺催化酰化体系,在50℃下酰化反应时间30 min,测得PTMEG1000和PTMEG2000羟值结果...     

Btk/JAK3双靶点共价抑制剂的设计、合成及其活性研究

布鲁顿式酪氨酸激酶(Btk)和两面神激酶3(JAK3)均是自身免疫性疾病和血液系统恶性肿瘤的潜力靶标.以4-氯吡咯并嘧啶为原料,经7步反应合成了一系列7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-胺衍生物,其结构经1HNMR、13CNMR和MS(ESI)分析证实.体外依次考察了所得化合物分别对Btk和JAK3激酶的活性、以及对部...     

工业大麻中大麻二酚的后脱羧协同超临界萃取

目的:提供一种后脱羧协同超临界萃取制备大麻二酚(CBD)的方法.方法:工业大麻花叶预处理及干燥后进行二氧化碳超临界萃取.萃取温度为20～50℃,压力为10～30 MPa,二氧化碳流量为500～900 kg·h-1,时间为1～4 h.萃取物经过前处理后进行脱羧.脱羧后的CBD粗油通过分子蒸馏及高效液相色谱纯化,真空浓缩,结晶,制得高纯度CBD晶体.结果:与脱羧前相比,脱羧后CBDA含量明显降低,转化率在75％以上.制得的成品CBD晶体纯度均在99.7％以上,平均质量分数为99.86％.结论:脱羧协同二氧化碳超临界萃取可提高CBD提取效率、降低生产成本,适合工业化大规模生产.     

Trace Identification and Visualization of Multiple Benzimidazole Pesticide Residues on Toona sinensis Leaves Using Terahertz Imaging Combined with Deep Learning

Molecular spectroscopy has been widely used to identify pesticides. The main limitation of this approach is the difficulty of identifying pesticides with similar molecular structures. When these pesticide residues are in trace and mixed states in plants, it poses great challenges for practical identification. This study proposed a state-of-the-art method for the rapid identification of trace (10 mg·L⁻¹) and multiple similar benzimidazole pesticide residues on the surface of Toona sinensis leaves, mainly including benzoyl (BNL), carbendazim (BCM), thiabendazole (TBZ), and their mixtures. The new method combines high-throughput terahertz (THz) imaging technology with a deep learning framework. To further improve the model reliability beyond the THz fingerprint peaks (BNL: 0.70, 1.07, 2.20 THz; BCM: 1.16, 1.35, 2.32 THz; TBZ: 0.92, 1.24, 1.66, 1.95, 2.58 THz), we extracted the absorption spectra in frequencies of 0.2–2.2 THz from images as the input to the deep convolution neural network (DCNN). Compared with fuzzy Sammon clustering and four back-propagation neural network (BPNN) models (TrainCGB, TrainCGF, TrainCGP, and TrainRP), DCNN achieved the highest prediction accuracies of 100%, 94.51%, 96.26%, 94.64%, 98.81%, 94.90%, 96.17%, and 96.99% for the control check group, BNL, BCM, TBZ, BNL + BCM, BNL + TBZ, BCM + TBZ, and BNL + BCM + TBZ, respectively. Taking advantage of THz imaging and DCNN, the image visualization of pesticide distribution and residue types on leaves was realized simultaneously. The results demonstrated that THz imaging and deep learning can be potentially adopted for rapid-sensing detection of trace multi-residues on leaf surfaces, which is of great significance for agriculture and food safety.