泡沫陶瓷的研制

泡沫陶瓷是一种新型的功能陶瓷材料。它具有独特的结构和性能，在工业中有着广泛的应用前景。泡沫陶瓷具有密度小、透气性高、耐高温、抗化学腐蚀等特性。本研究对用颗粒强化的氧化铝骨架合成泡沫陶瓷进行了分析。这种材料比其它多孔陶瓷材料具有更好的热化学性质。这种材料可以用有机海绵浸浆获得，然后烧去海绵，留下多孔陶瓷网。这种方法的优点是它包含了过程参数和陶瓷结构，同时合成物的烧结情况及其它条件的影响在文中也有阐述。     

Cu/SBA-15 as adsorbent for propane/propylene separation

Samples of mesoporous silica SBA-15 were prepared under hydrothermal conditions where Cu cations were incorporated to the structure by impregnation in order to compare the adsorption behavior in the presence and absence of this element. The adsorption/desorption equilibrium isotherms of propylene, propane, and N₂ were measured to evaluate their usefulness in the propane/propylene separation. All the adsorption isotherms of SBA-15 measured in the absence of Cu cations were described by the Freundlich equation, while the adsorption isotherms of propane on Cu/SBA-15 were better represented by the Henry equation and those of propylene were satisfactorily described by the Langmuir model in the range P < 100 Torr. The adsorption uptake of propylene increased and that of propane decreased in Cu/SBA-15 as compared to the amounts observed in the SBA-15 sample. The presence of Cu atoms in the adsorbent lattice increased the selectivity towards propylene. Under some working conditions the adsorbed amount of propylene in Cu/SBA-15 sample was totally reversible and the propane uptake, negligible.     

Adsorption of dissolved organics from industrial effluents on to activated carbon

Industrial effluents usually include multicomponent organic solutes. The optimum pH for adsorption of a specific industrial effluent on activated carbon should be determined experimentally because, in general, more than one mechanism is involved. A series of experiments was conducted to establish the influence of the initial hydrogen ion concentration on carbon adsorption of organic solutes. For these studies, powdered activated carbon was used, and the water systems studied included both single component pure organic compounds as well as multicomponent organic wastes. Results indicate that the pH effect upon the effectiveness of carbon adsorption mainly depends upon the nature of the adsorbed substance. In general, the degree of ionisation is the controlling factor for adsorption of ionic organic solutes on activated carbon. Adsorption reaches a maximum at the point of least ionisation of the adsorbate. As the organic compounds become more complex (i.e. longer hydrocarbon chains, higher molecular weights, increased branching), the electrical adsorption forces between activated carbon and ionic organic solutes will govern. Anionic surfactants meet with decreased electronegative repulsive forces at low pH levels, which increase the effectiveness of carbon adsorption. However, the adsorption of a cationic surfactant is increased by an increase in the electronegative carbon surface at high pH levels. When ionic organic solutes become much more complex, like a polymer, the effects of both ionisation and electrical adsorption forces become less important. Instead, the adsorption rate will be controlled by the extent of hydrolysis caused by the pH adjustment. For non-ionic organic solutes, chemical reaction(s) between the adsorbate and the added chemical (acid or base) for pH adjustment is an important controlling factor. Again, hydrolysis is responsible for the breakdown of larger size molecules to smaller sizes. Then an increase in adsorption rate with decreasing molecular weight of adsorbate is expected.     

Semi-interpenetrating polymer networds produced with polyethylene terephthalate oligomer and unsaturated polyester resin

A series of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPN's) based on different compositions of an acyclic polyethylene terephthalate oligomer and unsaturated polyester resin (UP) were prepared. The oligomer was dissolved in the resin containing styrene crosslinker. Later this mixture was crosslinked at room temperature using methyl ethyl ketone peroxide catalyst and cobalt naphtanate as promoter. The tensile strength of the IPN's decreases as the concentration of oligomer increases, whereas, elongation to break increases. A characterization of the oligomer used is also presented.     

塑料包装应用及技术进展

塑料在包装领域有着广泛的应用，其中聚酯（PET）性能优良，应用领域不断扩大。介绍了塑料包装不断通现的新技术，以及塑料包装环保问题的几点思路。     

Continuous production of structured phospholipids in a packed bed reactor with lipase from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Thermomyces lanuginosa</Emphasis>

The possibilities of producing structured phospholipids between soybean phospholipids and caprylic acid by lipase-catalyzed acidolysis were examined in continuous packedbed enzyme reactors. Acidolysis reactions were performed in both a solvent system and a solvent-free system with the commercially immobilized lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosa (Lipozyme TL IM) as catalyst. In the packed bed reactors, different parameters for the lipase-catalyzed acidolysis were elucidated, such as solvent ratio (solvent system), temperature, substrate ratio, residence time, water content, and operation stability. The water content was observed to be very crucial for the acidolysis reaction in packed bed reactors. If no water was added to the substrate during reactions under the solvent-free system, very low incorporation corporation of caprylic acid was observed. In both solvent and solvent-free systems, acyl incorporation was favored by a high substrate ratio between acyl donor and phospholipids, a longer residence time, and a higher reaction temperature. Under certain conditions, the incorporation of around 30% caprylic acid can be obtained in continuous operation with hexane as the solvent. Presented at the 95th American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting and Expo in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 10, 2004.     

快闪存储器大有可为

快闪存储器经历过高速发展时间,由于供过于求,目前行情看跌,但发展前景无疑是远大的。重点介绍了英特尔、AMD和三星的最新产品和重大市场举措。最后简要介绍了当前快闪存储器的技术发展趋势。     

无润滑空气压缩机冷却水系统的清洗

介绍了无润滑空气压缩机冷却水系统结垢的危害性，阐述了清洗的原理，提出了清洗时应注意的工艺参数，操作时的注意事项和由此带来的经济效益。     

金属闪光外墙乳胶漆的研制及性能研究

以丙烯酸酯及有机硅单体为原料合成了核-壳型硅丙乳液,用自制分散剂将闪光铝粉分散成水性闪光铝粉浆,并成功分散于硅丙乳液中,加入进口助剂,配制成水性金属闪光外墙乳胶漆.讨论了基料的玻璃化温度、单体的加入方式、引发剂、乳化剂、反应温度、聚合工艺和pH等对乳胶漆性能的影响.     

Janus II: A new generation application-driven computer for spin-system simulations

This paper describes the architecture, the development and the implementation of Janus II, a new generation application-driven number cruncher optimized for Monte Carlo simulations of spin systems (mainly spin glasses). This domain of computational physics is a recognized grand challenge of high-performance computing: the resources necessary to study in detail theoretical models that can make contact with experimental data are by far beyond those available using commodity computer systems. On the other hand, several specific features of the associated algorithms suggest that unconventional computer architectures–that can be implemented with available electronics technologies–may lead to order of magnitude increases in performance, reducing to acceptable values on human scales the time needed to carry out simulation campaigns that would take centuries on commercially available machines. Janus II is one such machine, recently developed and commissioned, that builds upon and improves on the successful JANUS machine, which has been used for physics since 2008 and is still in operation today. This paper describes in detail the motivations behind the project, the computational requirements, the architecture and the implementation of this new machine and compares its expected performances with those of currently available commercial systems.