The fatty acids of wax esters and sterol esters from vernix caseosa and from human skin surface lipid

Separation of sterol esters from wax esters in the lipids of vernix caseosa and adult human skin surface was accomplished by column chromatography on MgO. The fatty acids of the sterol esters and wax esters of both samples were separated into saturates and monoenes, and examined in detail by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). The saturated fatty acids of the wax esters of vernix caseosa and of adult human skin surface were remarkably similar. They ranged in chain length from at least C₁₁ to C₃₀, six skeletal types being present: straight even, straight odd, iso, anteiso, other monomethyl branched and dimethyl branched. A large number of patterns of monoenes were observed, each pattern consisting of desaturation of a specific chain at Δ6 or Δ9 plus its extension or degradation products. The mole per cent of the total Δ6 and Δ9 patterns of wax ester fatty acid monoenes of vernix caseosa were 87% and 12%, respectively, and 98% and 1%, respectively, for adult human skin surface lipid. The sterol ester fatty acids of vernix caseosa were much different from those of adult human skin surface: vernix caseosa saturates were largely branched and of lengths greater than C₁₈, whereas the saturates of adult human surface lipid resembled the wax ester fatty acids. Of the vernix caseosa monoene patterns, the mole per cent was 30% Δ6 and 70% Δ9, whereas of the adult human skin surface sterol ester fatty acids 89% were Δ6 and 11% Δ9. Chain extension was particularly pronounced in the sterol ester fatty acid monoenes of vernix caseosa amounting to 7–8 C₂ units in some cases. The fatty acids of the sterol esters of both vernix caseosa and adult human skin surface appear to be derived from the sebaceous gland and from the keratinizing epidermis, but those of the wax esters are from the sebaceous glands only.     

聚丙烯结构壁管专用料的开发

阐述了塑料结构壁管的基本情况和国内外现状．重点就扬子石油化工股份有限公司研究院研制的聚丙烯结构壁管专用料的情况进行了介绍。     

氧化铝上吸附平衡与动力学的分形特性

在实验测定氧化铝吸附氮气的平衡和动力学过程的基础上 ,由平衡数据得到分形维数 ,对动力学结果分别用欧氏几何和分形几何的动力学模型进行处理 ,比较两种方法得到的扩散系数之间的差别。结果表明 :粉状氧化铝的分形维数为 2 .12 ;采用分形动力学模型得到的扩散系数同欧氏几何扩散模型的结果不一样 ,扩散系数不随浓度的变化而改变 ;而欧氏几何扩散模型中的扩散系数随浓度变化发生改变 ,且变化符合Darken关系     

Holographic algorithms on bases of rank 2

An essential problem in the design of holographic algorithms is to decide whether the required signatures can be realized under a suitable basis transformation (SRP). For holographic algorithms with matchgates on domain size 2, , ,  and  have built a systematical theory. In this paper, we reduce SRP on domain size k≥3$k\ge 3$ to SRP on domain size 2 for holographic algorithms with matchgates on bases of rank 2. Furthermore, we generalize the collapse theorem of [3] to domain size k≥3$k\ge 3$.     

Efficient object detection based on selective attention

In this paper, we make use of biologically inspired selective attention to improve the efficiency and performance of object detection under clutter. At first, we propose a novel bottom-up attention model. We argue that heuristic feature selection based on bottom-up attention can stably select out invariant and discriminative features. With these selected features, performance of object detection can be improved apparently and stably. Then we propose a novel concept of saccade map based on bottom-up attention to simulate the saccade (eye movements) in vision. Sliding within saccade map to detect object can significantly reduce computational complexity and apparently improve performance because of the effective filtering for distracting information. With these ideas, we present a general framework for object detection through integrating bottom-up attention. Through evaluating on UIUC cars and Weizmann–Shotton horses we show state-of-the-art performance of our object detection model.     

Selective O-methylation of phenol with dimethyl carbonate over X-zeolites

The O-methylation of phenol with dimethyl carbonate proceeds selectively in the vapor phase over alkali ion exchanged X-zeolites. Thus, a 76% yield of anisole was obtained with a 93% selectivity over NaX at 553 K. The participation of basic sites in the O-methylation is suggested.     

Effect of morphology on brittle-ductile transition of HPDE/CaCO3 blends

In this paper, the results of a series of investigations of the effect of morphology on the brittle-ductile transition for HDPE/CaCO₃ blends are summarized: (1) It seems the critical ligament thickness increases with increasing matrix toughness; (2) the interphase adhesion is very important for the toughness of HDPE/CaCO₃ blends; (3) small particles are more effective than large ones; (4) CaCO₃ particle aggregation will reduce toughening efficiency; (5) uniform CaCO₃ particle size is more effective than heterogeneous size for the toughening of HDPE. It is expected that a polymer with higher modulus as well as higher toughness will be obtained by appropriately controlling the morphology of HDPE/CaCO₃ blends. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Scene-adaptive accurate and fast vertical crowd counting via joint using depth and color information

Reliable and real-time crowd counting is one of the most important tasks in intelligent visual surveillance systems. Most previous works only count passing people based on color information. Owing to the restrictions of color information influences themselves for multimedia processing, they will be affected inevitably by the unpredictable complex environments (e.g. illumination, occlusion, and shadow). To overcome this bottleneck, we propose a new algorithm by multimodal joint information processing for crowd counting. In our method, we use color and depth information together with a ordinary depth camera (e.g. Microsoft Kinect). Specifically, we first detect each head of the passing or still person in the surveillance region with adaptive modulation ability to varying scenes on depth information. Then, we track and count each detected head on color information. The characteristic advantage of our algorithm is that it is scene adaptive, which means the algorithm can be applied into all kinds of different scenes directly without additional conditions. Based on the proposed approach, we have built a practical system for robust and fast crowd counting facing complicated scenes. Extensive experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposed method.     

Coverage enhancement by using the mobility of mobile sensor nodes

Coverage is a fundamental problem in sensor networks. Sensor coverage, which reflects how well a sensor network is monitored by sensors, is an important measure for the quality of service (QoS) that a sensor network can provide. In mobile sensor networks, the mobility of sensor nodes can be utilized to enhance the coverage of the network. Since the movement of sensor nodes will consume much energy, this mobility of sensor nodes should be properly managed by some pre-defined schemes or protocols. By noticing this issue, some existing works have proposed several movement-assisted sensor deployment schemes. These works assume that the target field is a 2-dimensional space. In this paper, we study a generalized case of this problem whereby the target field can be a space which ranges from 1-dimensional to 3-dimensional. Two variations of the movement-assisted sensor deployment problem with different optimization objectives were formulated. We identify a set of basic attributes which can be used as guidelines for designing movement-assisted sensor deployment schemes. Based on these attributes, we propose efficient algorithms for both variants of the movement-assisted sensor deployment problem.     

Algebraic operations in fuzzy object-oriented databases

The fuzzy object-oriented databases have been proposed to meet the need of dealing with fuzzy as well as complex objects. In this paper, we present a formal fuzzy object-oriented database model. Based on the semantic measure of fuzzy data, we first identify two kinds of fuzzy object redundancies, which are inclusion redundancy and equivalence redundancy, and then define three kinds of merging operation for redundancy removal. On the basis, we define some fuzzy algebraic operations for fuzzy classes and fuzzy objects. Finally, in the paper, we discuss fuzzy querying strategies and give the form of SQL-like fuzzy querying for the fuzzy object-oriented databases.