陶瓷材料在微机电系统中的应用

在微机电系统(MEMS)中应用到了许多种材料,其中,使用最多的是陶瓷材料。本文分析了当前国内外在MEMS研究中 的陶瓷材料的应用现状。着重分析了在MEMS中硅作为结构材料的应用以及作为薄膜材料的应用,此外,还介绍了其它 一些在MEMS中常见的陶瓷材料,如碳化硅、氮化硅、PZT压电陶瓷等材料的性能和应用。     

The effect of radical desorption on the particle size distribution in vinyl acetate emulsion polymerization

The effect of free radical desorption is studied by using a mathematical model of particle size distribution in continuous emulsion polymerization. By comparing the theoretical prediction with experimental data, the value of D_o for the vinyl acetate (VAc) system is best chosen as 0.19 × 10^?7 cm²/h. The effect of radical desorption as well as mean residence time on the absolute particle size distribution, total concentration of polymer particles, conversion, and average number of radicals per polymer particle are analyzed by the model proposed.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis of CdMoO4 Nano-Particles

CdMoO₄ nano-particles were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal process at a low temperature of 90°C, and the powders were characterized in detail by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and photoluminescent spectra techniques (PL), respectively. CdMoO₄ particles could be obtained under the hydrothermal condition from micrometer to nanometer sizes by varying their precursors. The PL spectra results showed that the optical properties of CdMoO₄ crystallites obviously relied on their particle sizes.     

稀土基汽车尾气催化剂的研究Ⅰ:催化剂老化和SO_2添加对催化活性的影响

制备了低Pt、Rh担载量的稀土基催化剂体系 ,研究了贵金属担载量、催化剂高温老化、抗硫水热老化和SO2 对催化活性的影响。结果表明 :随着贵金属质量分数从 0 2 5 %降低到0 1% ,CO、碳氢化合物 (HC)和NO的起燃温度分别平均提高 2 0℃ ;随着m(Pt)∶m(Rh)从 5∶1提高到 9∶1,CO、HC和NO的起燃温度分别提高 17、2 0和 5 3℃ ;当在反应体系中添加SO2 ,随SO2 体积分数从 0 0 0 2 %增加到 0 0 1% ,CO和NO的起燃温度和完全转化温度分别平均提高2 0℃ ,而对于HC ,催化活性几乎保持不变 ;催化剂在水热含硫条件下连续老化 4 0 0h ,CO、NO和HC的起燃温度分别为 2 5 2、2 6 7和 30 3℃ ,仍具有良好的反应活性。表明该稀土基催化剂在一定条件下 ,能满足汽车实际工况的要求     

一种无人机生成平滑航迹方法的研究与实现

无人机在未来战场中占有重要地位,航迹规划直接影响其作战能力。针对无人机航迹规划算法中存在的问题,提出一种生成平滑航迹的方法。该方法解决了直角拐弯、航迹不平滑、规划航迹与实际航迹不一致的问题。最后,通过VC++6.0+mapX5.0编程实现,结果表明了该方法的优势。     

基于多域特征提取和决策层融合的人脸识别

为了提取人脸图像丰富、有效的互补特征集,建立三种基于空域、频域和u域(分数阶傅立叶域)的特征提取模型,分别为基于局部二元模式(LBP)的空域多分辨率特征提取模型与基于频域和u域混合特征提取模型。在决策层,用加权和的方法对三种模型得到的相识度矩阵进行融合得到总的相识度矩阵,用最近邻分类器进行分类得到识别结果。实验表明,该方法能提取出丰富、有效的判别特征,与基于单一特征形式的人脸识别方法相比,识别效果得到了较高的改善。     

聚(L-谷氨酸-γ-苯甲酯)接枝共聚物的合成

以溶液聚合直接合成聚丙烯酸,通过接枝反应将疏水的聚肽链接到聚丙烯酸亲水链段上形成两亲性共聚物,合成了新型聚肽接枝共聚物。用核磁共振等方法表征了接枝共聚物的存在。实验结果表明其在含有钠离子的水溶液中能自行组装成为高聚物纳米胶束。     

Gel formation in diimide‐hydrogenated polymers

The hydrogenation of diene‐based polymers via diimide is a very attractive alternative to the conventional catalytic hydrogenation route based on gaseous molecular hydrogen. However, serious crosslinking always accompanies it and limits the end‐use properties of the polymers. Gel formation in polymers that are hydrogenated via diimide has been investigated in detail through an inspection of all the chemical reactions involved in the process. The results indicate that hydrogen peroxide decomposition, some reactions related to oxygen, and the redox reaction between hydrogen peroxide and hydrazine are capable of generating radicals. However, radicals generated in the aqueous phase do not appear to initiate the crosslinking of diene‐based polymers in the latex form. It is proposed that the primary radicals giving rise to crosslinking are generated in the polymer phase in situ, and the step responsible for generating these organic radicals is possibly the diimide disproportionation reaction. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1122–1125, 2005     

The morphology and conductivity of polypyrrole/polyurethane alloy films

Polymeric composites with conductivities ranging from 10^–4 to 1 S cm^–1 were prepared by electrochemically polymerizing pyrrole in a matrix of polyurethane. The polypyrrole/polyurethane alloy films obtained were characterized by element analysis, electron microscopy and electrical conductivity measurements. The morphology of the films depended on the solvent, the electrolyte and the current density. The mechanism of the electrochemical polymerization showed that PPy grew in a treelike structure, with molecular chains extending from the electrode surface into the solution. The transition temperature of the PPy/PU increased with the PPy content.     

一种新型可变径管道机器人的结构设计与控制实现

基于ATmega128单片机的管道探测机器人系统,包括硬件系统设计以及软件程序实现。为满足不同工业环境的需要,设计了无线与RS485总线两套通信方案进行人机交互控制系统与单片机的通信。独特的变径结构可以让机器人适应不同管径的管道,配合高效的电池切换算法,可以使其更好的适应工业环境。为了观察管道内部信息,安装了一个可360°旋转的摄像头,将管道内部画面实时传送给上位机。