Preparation of Reduced Iron Powders from Mill Scale with Microwave Heating: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

Preparation of the reduced iron powder has been attempted with mill scale as the iron-bearing material and with wood charcoal as the reducing agent through microwave heating. The response surface methodology (RSM) is used to optimize the process conditions, with wood charcoal, process temperature, and holding time being the three process parameters. The regressed model equation eliminating the insignificant parameters through an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to optimize the process conditions. The optimum process parameters for the preparation of reduced iron powders have been identified to be the wood charcoal of 13.8 pct, a process temperature of 1391 K (1118 °C), and a holding time of 43 minutes. The optimum conditions resulted in reduced iron powders with a total iron content of 98.60 pct and a metallization ratio of 98.71 pct. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to estimate the elemental contents of the reduced iron powder, which meets the specification of the HY100.23 first-class iron powder standard. Additionally X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were performed and the results are compiled.     

建筑外窗用新型隔热铝合金型材的研究

建筑外窗是建筑围护结构节能的薄弱环节,其能耗占建筑总能耗近50％[1],提高建筑外窗的保温性能,是提高建筑物围护结构节能的关键,隔热铝合金窗因其强度高、使用寿命长等优点在建筑上广泛应用,但是传统的隔热铝合金窗保温性能较差,不能满足新的建筑节能设计要求.为了提高隔热铝合金窗的保温性能,设计新型隔热铝合金型材是提高隔热铝合金窗保温性能的关键所在.本文采用MQMC软件对传统隔热铝合金窗型材和新型隔热铝合金窗型材的热工性能分别进行了模拟计算和检测对比分析,分析结果显示,新型隔热铝合金型材对于提高隔热铝合金窗保温性能效果明显,能满足新国家标准对建筑外窗的节能要求.     

对影响高频无极灯光通量测量准确性因素的分析

详尽地介绍和分析影响高频无极灯光通量测量准确性的各种因素,为以后制定高频无极灯光学性能、检测方法和节能评价标准提供一定的参考依据,对提高高频无极灯光通量测量的准确性有一定的参考价值。     

All Hydrogen Refinery with Zero Residue Discharge

This article summarizes the block process flow scheme for the 8.0 Mt/a refining project at Hainan Refining and Chemical Company, Ltd., highlighting a green route for processing sour heavy oils, and the enlarged scale of production with Chinese content. The refinery is targeted at hydrotreating of process streams, integration and intensified design of process units, clean gasoline and diesel production, centralized recovery and utilization of light ends and optimization of sulphur recovery systems.     

基于多尺度的时序数据部分周期模式增量挖掘

针对动态时序数据部分周期模式挖掘过程存在的计算复杂度过高和扩展性差等问题,提出了一种结合多尺度理论的时间序列部分周期模式挖掘算法（MSI-PPPGrowth）,所提算法充分利用了时序数据客观存在的时间多尺度特性,将多尺度理论引入时序数据的部分周期模式挖掘过程。首先,将尺度划分后的原始数据以及增量时序数据作为更细粒度的基准尺度数据集进行独立挖掘;然后,利用不同尺度数据间的相关性实现尺度转换,以间接获取动态更新后的数据集对应的全局频繁模式,从而避免了原始数据集的重复扫描和树结构的不断调整。其中,基于克里金法并考虑时序周期性设计了一个新的频繁缺失计数估计模型（PJK-EstimateCount）,以有效估计在尺度转换过程中的缺失项支持度计数。实验结果表明,MSI-PPPGrowth具有良好的可扩展性和实时性,尤其是对于稠密数据集,其性能优势更为突出。     

计及综合需求响应的电-热综合能源系统分布式光伏最大接入容量评估

为提高综合能源系统分布式光伏的接入容量,考虑电、热多元综合需求响应,建立了电-热综合能源系统对分布式光伏的最大接入容量评估模型。首先,建立电-热综合能源系统的稳态数学模型。然后,基于价格型需求响应、激励型需求响应与弹性热负荷响应,建立了包含电力与热力负荷的综合需求响应的模型。最后,以分布式光伏接入容量最大为目标函数,建立了综合能源系统的接入能力评估模型,并通过松弛技术将问题转化为混合整数二阶锥规划问题。IEEE-33与百利岛33节点耦合系统的算例证明了所提方法的有效性。     

基于大数据的专变客户用能健康状态综合评价

提出了一种基于大数据的专变客户用能健康状态综合评价模型。首先从用能安全、经济效益和可靠性3个方面建立专变客户用能健康状态评价指标体系;进而利用改进层次分析法和熵权法对评价指标进行组合赋权;然后利用灰色关联度和马氏距离对理想解法进行改进,借助改进理想解法实现评价对象的综合排序,再结合秩和比法将评价对象分档,实现目标客户的筛选。基于某省电网专变客户的实际数据,验证了所提评价模型的可行性与有效性,并为目标客户制定了针对性用能改进策略。     

安钢综合料场控制系统的实现

主要介绍了安钢综合料场的控制系统,详述了双调速系统及改造方案.经实验证明,本系统具有高可靠性和一定的借鉴作用.     

The synergistic effects of tricresyl phosphate oil additive with chemico-thermal treatment of steel surfaces

The addition of various extreme pressure and anti-wear additives to lubricating oil is an important and effective way of reducing friction and wear. The application of chemico-thermal treatments to material surfaces is another way to improve the tribological behaviour of rubbing pairs. The synergistic effects on the tribological behaviour of a tricresyl phosphate oil additive together with sulphurised, nitrided and oxy-nitrided surfaces of 1045 steel were systematically studied on a ball-on-disc test machine. Good load bearing capacity and reduced friction and wear was obtained as a result. As well as presenting the promising results of this work here, the mechanism of this synergistic effect is discussed, based on micro-analysis of the surface films by AES and XPS.     

表面波度在平行滑块中的气穴润滑效应

采用了推广的平均流动模型及Greenwood和Tripp的粗糙面接触模型,分析了表面波度的幅值和波长对平行滑块气穴润滑的影响。指出表面波度是决定平行滑块油膜形成能力的最主要因素。对于给定的润滑系统,表面存在最佳波度使得油膜形成能力最强。