Analysis of Mechanical Milling in Simoloyer: An Energy Modeling Approach

A model was developed to estimate the energy transfer from milling media to the powder during milling carried out in Simoloyer CM 01 (Zoz GmbH, Wenden, Germany), a horizontal attritor high-energy ball mill. The model was then used to estimate the energy transfer in milling of iron at 1000 rpm. Furthermore, the time required to achieve a particular grain size was formulated as a function of milling speed, using the model developed for the energy transfer. The results were verified at 500 rpm and 1500 rpm for iron and aluminum.     

Transport phenomena in the electrodeionization of cesium from AMP-PAN

Electrodeionization (EDI) of cesium from cesium-sorbed ammonium molybdophosphate-polyacrylonitrile (AMP-PAN) was investigated by passing eluant through the packed bed of ion-exchange resin in an electrodialysis cell. The deionized cesium from the packed bed was recovered in catholyte by migration and in the eluant by convection. Recovery percentage of Cs by migration increased while the recovery by convection decreased with increase in current density from 20 to 40 mA/cm². Increased eluant concentration resulted in low migration percentage of cesium. Increased catholyte concentration had a negligible effect on total recovery. Apparent diffusion coefficients evaluated using the Nernst–Plank relation increased with increase in current density and catholyte concentration while a decreasing trend was observed with increase in eluant concentration.     

Designing block copolymer architectures for targeted membrane performance

Using a combination of block copolymer self-assembly and non-solvent induced phase separation, isoporous ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated from four poly(isoprene-b-styrene-b-4-vinylpyridine) triblock terpolymers with similar block volume fractions but varying in total molar mass from 43 kg/mol to 115 kg/mol to systematically study the effect of polymer size on membrane structure. Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to probe terpolymer solution structure in the dope. All four triblocks displayed solution scattering patterns consistent with a body-centered cubic morphology. After membrane formation, structures were characterized using a combination of scanning electron microscopy and filtration performance tests. Membrane pore densities that ranged from 4.53 × 10¹⁴ to 1.48 × 10¹⁵ pores/m² were observed, which are the highest pore densities yet reported for membranes using self-assembly and non-solvent induced phase separation. Hydraulic permeabilities ranging from 24 to 850 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹ and pore diameters ranging from 7 to 36 nm were determined from permeation and rejection experiments. Both the hydraulic permeability and pore size increased with increasing molar mass of the parent terpolymer. The combination of polymer characterization and membrane transport tests described here demonstrates the ability to rationally design macromolecular structures to target specific performance characteristics in block copolymer derived ultrafiltration membranes.     

含盐量对水泥灰土强度特性的影响

通过对水泥灰土不同含盐量试样进行一系列三轴不固结不排水剪切试验,探讨了含盐量对水泥灰土剪切强度参数的影响,并从微观结构性上做出了合理的解释.试验结果表明:水泥灰土强度随含盐量的增加而增大,但当含盐量达到一定程度时,其强度又随含盐量的增大而降低,且含盐量存在一个分界值;此外,水泥灰土的脆断性受围压和含盐量等因素的影响,围压越小,含盐量越高,脆性就表现得越明显.     

Hybrid‐based snow simulation and snow rendering with shell textures

In this study, we develop a system for interactive snow simulation and rendering. Snow is modeled as a hybrid structure that handles movable snow and static snow separately. We develop a simple approach to convert between these two types of snow. Movable snow is represented by a set of particles, whereas static snow is modeled as grid cells. For a piece of movable snow (e.g., snowflake), the particles are connected using springs. Thus, we can model snow as a type of brittle material, such as a snow pile split into chunks of smaller snow pieces after a collision. To render the snow, we adopt a shell structure that has a series of concentric, semitransparent, textured shells. We applied our system to several examples, with the rendered snow appearing similar to real snow. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A web‐based performance assessment system for environmental protection: WePass

In response to the increasing public concern over the effects of construction waste on the environment, a performance assessment system has been designed to provide an instant, online assessment of how well a construction site performs environmentally, e.g. measuring the level of pollution generated from a construction site. Through the use of both Internet and database technologies, it is possible to collect and present data that are essential for environmental management online. To achieve this, a set of environmental performance parameters was derived through a postal questionnaire survey and interviews with experts in the field. A conceptual framework was developed, of which the key components were: template, knowledge base, output data and benchmark group. In combination, these factors provide a system that enables speedy assessment and effective management of environmental performance on construction sites, hence prompt decisions can be made and corrective actions can be taken before potential hazards turn into real disasters.     

市政桥梁工程投资估算模型的影响因子研究——以空心板梁桥为例

为了便于构建市政桥梁工程的投资估算模型,解决市政桥梁工程投资估算精确度不高的问题,筛选出市政桥梁工程的投资估算模型的影响因子,有针对性地优化市政桥梁工程的投资估算模型,改善市政桥梁工程的投资估算工作。以空心板梁桥为研究对象,采用信息沉淀法对相关文献资料进行分析,获取影响市政桥梁工程投资模型的初始影响因子集;并通过对调查问卷收集的数据进行隶属度分析,筛选出对市政桥梁工程投资模型有显著影响的10个可行性影响因子。     

清单模式下承包商风险识别与防范

结合工程施工的不同阶段,探讨了清单计价模式下承包商风险的识别,并从投标文件的编制、合同造价条款的审核、合同变更及结算原则等方面提出了风险防范的措施,以维护承包商和整个项目参与者的利益。