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221.
Rosario G. Garroppo Stefano Giordano Davide Iacono Luca Tavanti 《Wireless Networks》2011,17(6):1441-1459
In WiMAX systems the Base Station scheduler plays a key role as it controls the sharing of the radio resources among the users.
The goal of the scheduler is multiple: achieve fair usage of the resources, satisfy the QoS requirements of the users, maximize
goodput, and minimize power consumption, and at the same time ensuring feasible algorithm complexity and system scalability.
Since most of these goals are contrasting, scheduler designers usually focus their attention on optimizing one aspect only.
In this scenario, we propose a scheduling algorithm (called GTSN\mathrm{GTS_N}) whose goal is to contemporaneously achieve efficiency and fairness, while also taking into account the QoS requirements
and the channel state. GTSN\mathrm{GTS_N} exploits the properties of Time Utility Functions (TUFs) and Game Theory. Simulations prove that the performance of GTSN,\mathrm{GTS_N}, when compared to that of several well-known schedulers, is remarkable. GTSN\mathrm{GTS_N} provides the best compromise between the two contrasting objectives of fairness and efficiency, while QoS requirements are
in most cases guaranteed. However, the exponential complexity introduced by the game theory technique makes it rather impractical
and not computationally scalable for a large number of users. Thus we developed a suboptimal version, named sub-GTSN.\mathrm{GTS_N}. We show that this version retains most of the features and performance figures of its brother, but its complexity is linear
with the number of users. 相似文献
222.
We introduce the notion of periodic-like word. It is a word whose longest repeated prefix is not right special. Some different
characterizations of this concept are given. In particular, we show that a word w is periodic-like if and only if it has a period not larger than , where is the least non-negative integer such that any prefix of w of length $\geq R'_{w}$ is not right special. We derive that if a word w has two periods , then also the greatest common divisor of p andq is a period ofw. This result is, in fact, an improvement of the theorem of Fine and Wilf. We also prove that the minimal period of a word
w is equal to the sum of the minimal periods of its components in a suitable canonical decomposition in periodic-like subwords.
Moreover, we characterize periodic-like words having the same set of proper boxes, in terms of the important notion of root-conjugacy.
Finally, some new uniqueness conditions for words, related to the maximal box theorem are given.
Received: 10 July 2000 / Accepted: 24 January 2001 相似文献
223.
224.
Luca Bruno 《电子设计技术》2010,17(6):66-66
正正反馈是围绕比较器来分配滞后作用的典型方法,前提是比较器的输出与非逆变输入之间具有电阻路径。正反馈形成两个具有(或呈现)固定值的阈值电压。另外,它们还取决于比较器输出级的饱 相似文献
225.
Oleksandr Chernyavskiy Luca Vannucci Paolo Bianchini Francesco Difato Mustafa Saieh Lucie Kubínová 《Microscopy research and technique》2009,72(6):411-423
We investigated possibilities of the combination of the one- and two-photon excitation microscopy for examination of the experimental melanoma tissue in vivo, in mice under general anesthesia, and ex vivo on freshly harvested specimens. Our aim was to obtain sufficiently informative images of unstained tumor tissues and their modifications after hyperthermia treatment. The mouse experimental melanoma structure was studied and compared with normal tissue from the same animal by using confocal and nonlinear microscopy techniques based on (i) one-photon excitation (1PE) fluorescence, (ii) 1PE reflectance, (iii) second harmonic generation imaging, and (iv) two-photon excitation autofluorescence. We checked different spectral conditions and other settings of image acquisition, as well as combinations of the above imaging modalities, to fully exploit the potential of these techniques in the evaluation of treated and untreated cancer tissue morphology. Our approach enabled to reveal the collagen fiber network in relation with the other tissues, and to identify invasive tumor cells. It also proved to be useful for the examination of interrelationships between functional and morphological aspects based on optical properties of the tissues, especially in studies of changes between the tumor and control tissue, as well as changes induced by physical treatments, e.g., delivery of microwave hyperthermia treatment. These differences were also evaluated quantitatively, when we found out that the maximum Euler–Poincaré characteristic reflects well the melanoma morphological structure. The results showed that the proposed investigative approach could be suitable also for a direct evaluation of tissue modifications induced by clinical interventions. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
226.
Roberto Barbuti Andrea Maggiolo-Schettini Paolo Milazzo Giovanni Pardini Luca Tesei 《Natural computing》2011,10(1):3-16
We present Spatial P systems, a variant of P systems which embodies the concept of space and position inside a membrane. Objects
in membranes are associated with positions. Rules specify, in the usual way, the objects which are consumed and the ones which
are produced; in addition, they can specify the positions of the produced objects. Objects belong to two different sets: the
set of ordinary objects and the set of mutually exclusive objects. Every position inside a membrane can accommodate an arbitrary number of ordinary objects, but at most one mutually
exclusive object. We prove that Spatial P systems are universal even if only non-cooperating rules are allowed. We also show
how Spatial P systems can be used to model the evolution of populations in presence of geographical separations. 相似文献
227.
Márcia Campos Brasil Annelise Engel Gerbase Maria Augusta de Luca José Ribeiro Gregório 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2007,84(3):289-295
Hybrid organic–inorganic films were prepared using four different hydroxylated soybean oils (HSO) or epoxidized soybean oil
as organic precursor and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as inorganic precursor in a mass ratio of HSO:TEOS of 90:10. The
films were macroscopically homogeneous and were characterized by swelling and extraction in solvent, thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) including energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), adhesion and hardness. Their properties
varied as a function of the number of OH groups present in the HSO. The best hybrid system was HSOF198/TEOS, with an OH value
of 198 mg of KOH/g, which presents lower swelling coefficient, very good adhesion on aluminium surface and good hardness. 相似文献
228.
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230.
We explore the relation between the stochastic semantic associated to stochastic Concurrent Constrain Programming (sCCP) and its fluid-flow approximation. Writing the master equation for a sCCP model, we can show that the fluid flow equation is a first-order approximation of the true equation for the average. Moreover, we introduce a second-order correction and first-order equations for the variance and the covariance. 相似文献