氧化温度和分散剂种类对Si3N4浆料性能的影响

研究了自蔓延燃烧合成Si₃N₄粉的氧化处理（在空气气氛中分别于400、600、800℃保温3 h）以及添加的分散剂种类（分别为聚丙烯酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、三聚磷酸钠、木质素磺酸钙）对制备的Si₃N₄浆料的抗沉降性、ζ电位和黏度的影响。结果表明：1)在空气气氛中于800℃保温3 h氧化处理后,粉体中Si₂N₂O含量增多;用其制备的浆料的稳定性最好,ζ电位绝对值较大,黏度最小。2)以六偏磷酸钠作为分散剂制备的Si₃N₄浆料的稳定性较好,ζ电位绝对值最大,黏度最小。3)添加0.021%（w）六偏磷酸钠制备的Si₃N₄浆料的ζ电位绝对值最大,黏度较小。     

分析化学实验绿色化探索——以铁含量测定为例

探索分析化学实验教学绿色化对于培养学生的环保意识和创新能力具有重要意义.本文以"铁含量测定"这一实验项目为例,从绿色试剂替代重金属及有毒试剂出发,探讨了实验教学绿色化的可行性.结果表明,采用抗坏血酸做还原剂结合分光光度法测定铁含量不仅可以替代有毒试剂、降低试剂消耗,而且适用于固体和液体样品;新方案稳定性和重现性好,适用...     

Rational design on photoelectrodes and devices to boost photoelectrochemical performance of solar-driven water splitting: a mini review

As an eco-friendly, efficient, and low-cost technique, photoelectrochemical water splitting has attracted growing interest in the production of clean and sustainable hydrogen by the conversion of abundant solar energy. In the photoelectrochemical system, the photoelectrode plays a vital role in absorbing the energy of sunlight to trigger the water splitting process and the overall efficiency depends largely on the integration and design of photoelectrochemical devices. In recent years, the optimization of photoelectrodes and photoelectrochemical devices to achieve highly efficient hydrogen production has been extensively investigated. In this paper, a concise review of recent advances in the modification of nanostructured photoelectrodes and the design of photoelectrochemical devices is presented. Meanwhile, the general principles of structural and morphological factors in altering the photoelectrochemical performance of photoelectrodes are discussed. Furthermore, the performance indicators and first principles to describe the behaviors of charge carriers are analyzed, which will be of profound guiding significance to increasing the overall efficiency of the photoelectrochemical water splitting system. Finally, current challenges and prospects for an in-depth understanding of reaction mechanisms using advanced characterization technologies and potential strategies for developing novel photoelectrodes and advanced photoelectrochemical water splitting devices are demonstrated.     

Experimental study on prediction model of wet gas pressure drop across single-orifice plate in horizontal pipes in the low gas phase Froude number region

The pressure drop prediction of wet gas across single-orifice plate in horizontal pipes had been solved satisfactorily under an annular-mist flow in the upstream of orifice plates. However, this pressure drop prediction is still not clearly determined when the upstream is in an intermittent flow or stratified flow, which is corresponding to a region of low Fr_G (gas phase Froude number) in the flow pattern map of wet gases. In this study, the wet gas pressure drop across a single-orifice plate was experimentally investigated in the low Fr_G region. By the experiment, the flow pattern transition in the downstream of single-orifice plates, as well as the effects of Fr_G and Fr_L (liquid phase Froude number) on Φ_G (gas phase multiplier), were determined and compared when the upstream is in the flow pattern transition and the stratified flow region, respectively. Prediction performances were examined on the available pressure drop models. It was found that no model could be capable of jointly predicting the wet gas pressure drop in the low Fr_G region with an acceptable accuracy. With a new method of correlating Fr_G and Fr_L simultaneously, new correlations were proposed for the low Fr_G region. Among which the modified Chisholm model shows the best prediction accuracies, with the prediction deviations of Φ_G being within 7% and 3% when the upstream is in flow pattern transition and stratified flow region, respectively.     

COSMO-SAC法筛选环戊烷/新己烷分离萃取剂及过程模拟

利用COSMO-SAC溶剂化模型,计算了无限稀释条件下,几种常见卤代烷烃、环烷醇对环戊烷和新己烷的分离选择性.结果表明,三氯丙烷的表面屏蔽电荷主要在非极性区域分布,同时具有一定的氢键供体能力,展现出对环戊烷和新己烷较好的理论分离能力.将其COSMO-SAC模型参数带入AspenPlus软件,对三氯丙烷萃取精馏分离环戊烷...     

分布式离散事件系统的模式故障预测研究

针对分布式离散事件系统,提出了一种模式故障预测方法.首先对分布式离散事件系统的模式故障可预测性进行形式化.通过构造一个模式故障识别器,从系统所有行为中识别出所发生的模式故障,并针对分布式系统的不同观测点构造不可观测闭包.在此基础上,联合各站点观测到的事件序列构造出模式故障预测验证器,解决了分布式离散事件系统的模式故障预...     

木质素基可降解复合膜材料的研究进展

传统塑料薄膜制品的不可降解性所带来的环境和社会问题日渐凸显,促使了生物基可降解、可再生膜材料的发展.木质素是一种储量最丰富的天然芳香族聚合物,近年来研究人员将其与其他聚合物复合,制备具有特定功能的高附加值可降解膜材料,取得了许多重大成果.本文从可持续发展的角度,首先介绍了木质素的结构、化学特性及分离方式;其次综述了木质...     

Synthesis of boron-doped double-walled carbon nanotubes by the catalytic decomposition of tetrahydrofuran and triisopropyl borate

Boron-doped double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) were produced by the catalytic decomposition of tetrahydrofuran and triisopropyl borate over a Fe–Mo/MgO catalyst at 900 °C. The synthesized B-doped DWCNTs had average outer and inner diameters in the range of 1.6–2.4 nm and 0.8–1.6 nm within the bundle, respectively. They had a larger interlayer spacing in the range of 0.36–0.39 nm, than did undoped DWCNTs. The B-C bonding evident from the B 1s signals in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicated that highly coordinated boron atoms replaced the carbon atoms within the graphene sheet. As the triisopropyl borate concentration was increased from 0 to 2.5 M, the substituted boron concentration increased from 0.8 to 3.1 at.%. The results demonstrate that the substituted boron concentration in the hexagonal carbon lattices can be easily controlled by regulating the triisopropyl borate concentration.     

基于ANSYS的PE-HD实壁管性能与尺寸的关系

采用ANSYS逆向模拟分析高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)实壁管的环刚度测试过程,研究了管材环刚度为6.3时其规格尺寸如直径和壁厚与原材料性能之间的关系,并分析了标准YD/T 841.2-2008的合理性。结果表明,材料的泊松比对管材最大变形量影响较小;材料的弯曲弹性模量越大,管材最大变形量越小;管材环刚度达到6.3时所需要的原材料弯曲弹性模量值与其径厚比成正比直线关系;标准YD/T 841.2-2008中关于某些壁厚的规定存在不合理性,即按照标准中规定的某些壁厚尺寸,生产PE-HD实壁管所用原材料无法达到环刚度为6.3时所需要的弯曲弹性模量值。     

Discovery and characterization of tyrosinases from sea anemone pedal disc

Abstract

The formation of underwater adhesion is a complicated physiological process and many different types of enzymes are found to be essential apart from structural proteins. Previous studies have shown that various tyrosinases were present in marine adhesives, but little information is available about the over-expression and enzymatic characterization of these enzymes. Specifically, this study first identified four significantly up-regulated tyrosinases in the pedal disc of Haliplanella luciae by means of multi-omics technology, and made preliminary bioinformatics predictions. Sequence alignment showed that the Tyr1_Hl contained six conserved His residues that bind to copper ions, of which a tyrosinase with diphenolase activity named as Tyr1_Hl^Δ, was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and purified by affinity chromatography. Enzymatic characterization showed that the activity of Tyr1_Hl^Δ was Cu²⁺ dependent and maximum catalytic activities were in 20?mM Tris–HCl (pH 8.0) at 37?°C. In summary, we identified novel tyrosinases in the pedal disks of sea anemone for the first time and the Tyr1_Hl^Δ was successfully recombinant expressed. Our study will provide basis for future exploration of bio-adhesion mechanism and design of bio-adhesives derived from sea anemones.