镍基合金C276蠕变损伤的实验研究

在650℃、700℃和750℃条件下对超临界水堆(SCWR)包壳候选材料之一镍基合金C276进行高温蠕变试验,采用损伤力学方法对试验数据进行计算分析,分别对由Kachanov和基于θ外推法的Norton蠕变损伤公式计算的损伤因子进行比较。分析结果表明:3种温度下采用Kachanov公式计算的蠕变损伤趋于一致;采用θ外推法拟合的蠕变曲线与试验蠕变曲线吻合很好;Norton公式计算表明损伤开始发生在0.3⁰.4寿命左右,Kachanov公式计算的损伤因子偏保守。     

北极涛动对华北沙尘暴频次的影响

This study has investigated the influence of Arctic Oscillation (AO) on dust storm frequency in North China in spring seasons during 1961-2007. There is a significant linkagebetween dust storm frequency and AO; a negative (positive) AO phase is related to an in-creased (decreased) dust storm frequency in North China. This relationship is closely related to changes in the cold air activity in Mongolia. The cold air activity exerts large impacts on the dust storm frequency; the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia not only positively cor-relates with the dust storm frequency in North China, but also shows a long-term decreasing trend that is an important reason for the long-term decreasing of dust storm frequency in North China. The AO has large influence on the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia; a negative (positive) AO phase is highly related to an increased (decreased) frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia, which results in an increased (decreased) dust storm frequency in North China.     

放射性示踪法研究Rn和Pt,Pd,Ir的萃取分离—Rh的提纯

本文研究了在不同条件下,TOA-煤油溶液对Pt,Pd,Ir的萃取。在低酸度盐酸介质条件下,用TOA-煤油溶液作为萃取剂可以达到Rh与Pt,Pd,Ir的定量分离。萃取的平衡时间短,分相快。萃取剂可再生使用。用本方法分离经精制获得的金属Rh产品纯度可达>99％。     

P92钢高温低周疲劳的实验研究

由于高的热效率和简单的系统组成,超临界水堆(SCWR)被认为是第四代核反应堆的一种选择。超临界水堆的关键问题之一是核心部件尤其是燃料组件包壳的材料。这些材料在高温下的力学性能、腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂敏感性以及抗辐射性能等对核电厂的安全运行至关重要。本文对SCWR包壳候选材料的F/M类材料P92钢进行了高温低周疲劳实验研究。实验温度为600和650℃,控制方式为总应变控制,应变范围均为±0.2%～±0.6%。实验结果表明,在两种温度下,P92钢均为循环软化材料,但未出现循环稳定现象。由于温度升高,塑性增强,P92钢在650℃下的宏观裂纹出现周次比率随应变范围的增加,下降比较平缓,且650℃下的失效寿命显著高于600℃下的失效寿命。并得到了两种温度下的稳定循环应力-塑性应变的关系以及循环失效寿命和应变的关系。     

BES Ⅲ主漂移径迹重建软件MdcPatRec的设计与实现

介绍使用面向对象技术和C 语言开发的BESⅢ主漂移室径迹重建软件包MdcPatRec.它的主要任务是对主漂移室内带电径迹进行寻找,并精确地重建其动量和位置.本文将详细介绍重建软件包的设计和实现,并利用模拟数据给出重建软件的主要物理和系统性能.     

Mo~( 6)掺杂制备SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2/MoO_3固体超强酸催化合成氯乙酸异辛酯

以氯乙酸和异辛醇为原料,用Mo 6掺杂制备SO2-4/TiO2/MoO3的固体超强酸催化剂催化合成氯乙酸异辛酯,研究了酯化反应的优化条件。当n(异辛醇):n(氯乙酸)为1.1∶1;催化剂用量为反应物料质量的2.0%时,反应时间90min,氯乙酸异辛酯的收率达到95.5%。     

Change in Carbon Dioxide （CO2） Emissions From Energy Use in China＇s Iron and Steel Industry

 As the largest energy consuming manufacturing sector and one of the most important sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, the China′s iron and steel industry has paid attention to the study of changing trend and influencing factors of CO2 emissions from energy use. The logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) technique is used to decompose total change in CO2 emissions into four factors: emission factor effect, energy structure effect, energy consumption effect, and steel production effect. The results show that the steel production effect is the major factor which is responsible for the rise in CO2 emissions; whereas the energy consumption effect contributes most to the reduction in CO2 emissions. And the emission factor effect makes a weak negative contribution to the increase of CO2 emissions. To find out the detailed relationship between change in energy consumption or steel production and change in CO2 emissions, the correlation equations are also proposed.     

基于静态和动态纳什均衡的我国稀土出口价格分析

通过引入博弈论纳什均衡的分析方法,指出近些年由于企业的无序竞争,我国稀土出口价格出现不合理和不稳定状态,使企业和行业处在博弈论中的“囚徒困境”中.从维持稀土产品价格的合理和稳定的角度来研究,建立了稀土企业间静态非合作的纳什均衡解模型和稀土企业合作竞争时的动态最优价模型,求解得出了稀土企业间静态非合作的纳什均衡解和稀土企业合作竞争时最优价纳什均衡等结果,并得出结论,认为通过政府的产业政策和企业自律,我国稀土出口价格的合理和稳定是可以实现的.      

特大型高炉高风温新型顶燃式热风炉设计与研究

对首钢京唐5500m~3特大型高炉高风温新型顶燃式热风炉的技术特征进行了总结。认为,对于特大型高炉高风温新型顶燃热风炉每个环节的设计,都必须运用现代科学的技术手段,进行科学理论的分析计算、仿真模拟、实验室冷态试验、热态模拟试验、现场测试等研究,以确保特大型高炉高风温新型顶燃式热风炉设计的优化。     

Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior and Deformation Mecha-nism of TWIP Steel

Low cycle fatigue behavior of TWIP （twinning induced plasticity） steel was investigated in axial symmetric tension-compression cyclic loading pattern. Fracture surfaces and microstructures were examined by optical, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopes. It was found that the fatigue life at the strain amplitude of 0.4 % is up to 15 000 cycles, which is much longer than TRIP780 and HSLAS00 steels. The strain hardening and softening features are significant until the strain amplitude comes to 1.25 ~. Persistent slip bands and tiny mechanical twinning layers were observed after fatigue deformation. Deformation mechanism of TWIP steel at low cycle fatigue process is not only twinning, but a complex of both twinning and persistent slip bands.