Investigation on experimental method of low-impedance materials using modified Hopkinson pressure bar

To increase the detectability of split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) of low-impedance materials, modifications were conducted on traditional SHPB apparatus with a PMMA tube to output transmitted signal, and weak signals were further amplified by semiconductor strain gauges. Experiments on soft rubbers and cushioning foam materials were carried out. In order to analyze the accuracy of the experimental results, the stress equilibrium issues involved in the assumptions of SHPB were investigated. First, by way of re-constructing loading process of incident wave, the stress-strain curve was obtained, along with the stress equilibrium ratio of specimen. Secondly, the influences on the accuracy of stress-strain curves were investigated through the elastic modulus comparisons. And the results illustrate that the bilinear incident wave from experiments can ensure the stress equilibrium deformation of specimen after 2 normalized times, much sooner than ramp incident waves. Moreover, it even facilitates specimen deformation with a constant strain rate. The results confirm that the detectability of the modified SHPB can be down to tens kPa with enough accuracy level.     

电控柴油机分缸均衡控制算法及试验

柴油机各个气缸的进气量、喷油量、燃烧等存在差异,导致气缸间存在做功差异,直接影响柴油机转速的平稳性以及排放性能等。针对位置式电控柴油机,采用PI闭环控制,通过瞬时转速信号识别并计算各缸的工作差异,利用分缸均衡控制算法对油量进行补偿修正。试验结果显示低转速稳态工况转速波动由7 r/min降至3 r/min,各缸工作不均匀度由±5 r/min降至±2 r/min,在瞬态过程和高转速3 400 r/min时该算法仍然适用有效。     

后装压缩式垃圾车压实板的有限元分析

后装压缩式垃圾车压实板在工作过程中易出现强度和刚度不足,从而造成作业效果不佳、使用寿命降低等,为验证所设计压实板是否满足使用要求,运用三维设计软件CATIA的Product模块和AnalysisSimulation/Generative Structural模块建立压实板的有限元模型,进而计算和分析在正常工况下压实板的强度和刚度。分析结果表明,压实板的最大应力小于材料许用应力,满足强度和刚度的工作要求。     

除尘器区低温省煤器烟道数值模拟

为实现除尘器区低温省煤器的节能改造,基于FLUENT6.3软件,对除尘器区低温省煤器烟道的流场进行数值模拟研究。研究结果表明:除尘器前烟道内流场严重不均,转弯处有明显的高速区与漩涡区,局部速度高达32 m/s;加装低温省煤器后,两低温省煤器内流场不均,最大速度偏差系数达79.3%,严重影响低温省煤器的换热效果,同时会磨损、冲刷低温省煤器管路,危及低温省煤器的安全;除尘器入口处出现大面积的低速区域,导致进入除尘器后流场紊乱、除尘器电耗高、除尘效率低等现象,除尘器前烟道内整流消涡可以根治除尘器工作效率的问题。     

胡襄煤田煤层厚度变化特征及其控制因素

根据河南胡襄煤田勘探钻孔资料,对煤层的稳定性和煤厚度变化特征进行研究。研究认为,区内二1煤层可采性指数为0.81,厚度变异系数为39%,属较稳定的全区大部可采的中厚-厚煤层;二2煤层可采性指数为1,厚度变异系数为11%,属稳定的全区可采的中厚-厚煤层;区内煤层厚度呈现东部厚西部薄的分布特征,局部出现无煤带或薄煤带;影响煤厚变化的因素主要为成煤时期地壳的不均匀沉降、成煤后期的古河流冲刷与断裂构造破坏作用。     

体积比对分段进水工艺处理低浓度废水性能的影响

采用改良A2/O四点分段进水工艺处理低浓度、低碳氮比城市生活污水.在HRT为8.7 h、SRT为15 d、污泥回流比为75%、进水流量分配比为20∶35∶35∶10、好氧段ρ(DO)为1~1.5 mg/L条件下,通过调整不同的厌氧/缺氧/好氧体积比,分析体积比对污染物去除性能的影响.结果表明:不同的体积比对COD、氨氮的去除基本无影响,但对TN、TP去除影响较大.当厌氧/缺氧/好氧体积比为4∶8∶10时,对污染物去除效果最佳,出水COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷质量浓度分别为28.12、0.58、9.26、0.43 mg/L,进水碳源有效利用率达72.4%.通过逐步减少好氧段体积以提高缺氧段体积的策略,可使进水碳源在各缺氧段或厌氧段被充分利用,同时有利于反硝化除磷菌的富集,DPAOs最高比例为20.9%.     

激光全息军用关键部件三维变形及应力测试

三维形变和三维应力测量一直是结构工程领域的重要研究课题。本文基于数字全息原理,设计了数字全息记录测试装置,实现了三维物体变形的测量;基于四个干涉图法和Matlab软件编程,提出并实现了数字相移,省去了压电位移器、位相控制器等硬件,简化了装置;基于数字全息测得的变形量与有限元理论,利用Ansys软件编程,获得变形物体的三维应力的大小及分布,从而实现了数字全息三维应力测试。大量实验表明,此方法实验装置简单、测量精度高,变形测量可容易达到1/10波长,应力测量精度可达到1.535×10^5Pa。     

Orthogonal design and numerical simulation of room and pillar configurations in fractured stopes

Room and pillar sizes are key factors for safe mining and ore recovery in open-stope mining. To investigate the influence of room and pillar configurations on stope stability in highly fractured and weakened areas, an orthogonal design with two factors, three levels and nine runs was proposed, followed by three-dimensional numerical simulation using ANSYS and FLAC3~. Results show that surface settlement after excavation is concentrically ringed, and increases with the decrease of pillar width and distances to stope gobs. In the meantime, the ore-control fault at the ore-rock boundary and the fractured argillaceous dolomite with intercalated slate at the hanging wall deteriorate the roof settlement. Additionally, stope stability is challenged due to pillar rheological yield and stress concentration, and both are induced by redistribution of stress and plastic zones after mining. Following an objective function and a constraint function, room and pillar configuration with widths of 14 m and 16 m, respectively, is presented as the optimization for improving the ore recovery rate while maintaining a safe working environment.     

民族传统体育项目引入高校体育课的研究

在高校开展少数民族传统优秀体育项目教学,不仅能使少数民族传统体育走向规范化、科学化,较好地展现学生的运动能力,培养民族文化情感,激发民族热情,更重要的是还能提高学生的身心健康和综合素质,有利于对民族传统体育的继承、发展和广泛地传播。     

“卓越计划”引领下结构力学课程教学改革与实践

在阐述结构力学课程在卓越土木工程师培养中的重要地位的基础上,指出了以往结构力学教学中存在的不足,提出了加强理论与实践联系、加强定性能力的培养、加强对计算结果的研判、加强教师队伍建设等改进措施,以期提高结构力学课程教与学的质量,为同类学校提供一些借鉴。