Mohs' surgery of periocular basal cell carcinoma using formalin-fixed sections and delayed closure

Mohs' surgery of periocular basal cell carcinoma (BCC) ensures a high cure rate with maximal preservation of normal tissue. The formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue technique allows Mohs' surgery to be performed using routine pathology facilities and permits the efficient use of operating room personnel and theatre time. The inevitable delay between excision and closure may potentially result in a poor functional and cosmetic outcome, particularly around the eye. We prospectively studied all patients with periocular BCC treated with this technique at our unit between 1985 and 1996. One hundred and twenty-three periocular BCCs in 120 patients were treated. Microscopic clearance was achieved in all cases. Closure was performed on average 5 days after the initial excisional stage. Closing procedures included direct closure, flaps and grafts. Significant complications affecting outcome were noted in only two patients. Eighty-eight per cent of patients assessed had a functional and cosmetic result regarded as excellent, good or adequate. Mohs' surgery of periocular BCC using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue and delayed closure results in a satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcome and offers a viable alternative to the frozen section fresh tissue technique.     

螺焊缝和直焊缝钢管的性能和特性：对比评价报告

从分析材料冶金学，工程特性和使用特性等方面对比了螺旋缝钢管和直缝钢管的性能和特性，阐述了螺旋焊钢管在高压气管线的应用实例，充分说明了螺钢缝钢管能够满足高压输送管线的要求。     

In vitro and in situ absorption of SDZ-RAD using a human intestinal cell line (Caco-2) and a single pass perfusion model in rats: comparison with rapamycin

PURPOSE: To compare the intestinal absorption and active efflux protein susceptibility of a new immunosuppressive agent (SDZ-RAD) with that of its analog rapamycin. METHODS: Caco-2 cell monolayers were used to examine bidirectional transport of the two compounds at low micromolar concentrations. Single pass rat intestinal perfusion was also used to examine steady state permeability. RESULTS: Rapamycin and SDZ-RAD showed a distinct preference for transport in the basolateral to apical direction of Caco-2 monolayers as efflux was >20 times greater than apical to basolateral transport. Efflux of SDZ-RAD was completely inhibited by verapamil while efflux of rapamycin was mostly inhibited by verapamil and partially inhibited by probenecid. Passive permeability was shown to be 20 x 10(-6) cm/sec for SDZ-RAD and 10 x 10(-6) cm/sec for rapamycin. In situ rat studies also showed the permeability of rapamycin to be half that of SDZ-RAD with permeabilities of 12.6 X 10(-6) for rapamycin and 24.8 x 10(-6) cm/sec for SDZ-RAD. CONCLUSIONS: SDZ-RAD and rapamycin are strong substrates for P-gp-like mediated efflux. Rapamycin is also partially removed from cells by a second efflux system that is not responsive to SDZ-RAD. When these efflux pumps are inhibited SDZ-RAD is likely to be absorbed across the intestine at a faster rate than rapamycin.     

Some effects of limited feedback on performance and problem-solving strategy in a Logo microworld.

The effect of limiting the availability of immediate feedback in a Logo microworld was examined by observing children solve problems involving the reproduction of given rotations without the information provided by a rotating turtle. It was found that limiting the feedback in this way reduced the incidence of trial-and-error problem-solving strategies. There was also evidence that higher level problem-solving strategies, which took into account a wider range of problem features, were used to compensate for the restricted access to immediate feedback. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Differentiation of fantasy and reality: Preschoolers' reactions to interruptions in their play.

In a study of the development of the differentiation of fantasy from reality, it was hypothesized that preschool children would progress through a stepwise sequence of developing ever clearer boundaries between fantasy and reality. Evidence for this development was based on children's reactions to various kinds of interruptions to their fantasy play that were initiated by an experimenter as she engaged in role playing with each of 39 children. The children were 2? to 6? years of age. The results indicated that as age increased, children showed higher steps in the sequence, until at 5 and 6 years they could incorporate an interruption into the fantasy scenario without stepping outside the fantasy and without having the interruption upset them. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Can solar energy replace fossil-fissile energy sources?

There is scepticism in many quarters as to the ability of solar energy capture devices to replace current fossil-fissile energy sources on a significant scale, even if they are economic on current costings. It has been argued that solar energy devices can deliver neither the quantity nor quality of energy needed to replicate themselves, far less drive the economy. This proposition is normally examined using energy pay-back calculations, using the concept of opportunity energy requirement. It is shown that this calculation, while of short term significance, does not reveal the true viability of a solar energy capture device. That viability is best expressed by calculating the replacement energy requirement, taking into account energy quality.     

Proceedings of the ninth Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Psychological Association.

325 persons attended the meeting held at Fort Worth, Texas, April 5-7, 1962. The program included 14 research paper sessions, 7 symposia, 4 workshops, and 2 invited addresses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Optimization of reactors with catalyst decay and the constant conversion policy

For continuous stirred-tank and plug-flow catalytic reactors in which the catalyst activity decreases with time, Szepe [1] showed that the optimal temperature-time policy can lead to a policy of constant exit conversion under specific conditions. These conditions included a single irreversible reaction with a separable rate equation and a rate of decay of catalyst activity also separable and independent of composition.It is the purpose of this paper to extend the results of Szepe and to establish: (a) A necessary and sufficient condition for a constant-conversion optimal policy in a continuous stirred-tank reactor, and (b) A proof of the constant-conversion policy for a plug-flow reactor with distributed control of temperature for a general irreversible reaction with separable kinetics.In both cases, the rate of decay is assumed to depend on composition.     

Juvenescent soap films. The evaporative stabilization of a film by a volatile surfactant

In the absence of evaporation, soap films may be preserved indefinitely after a rapid evolution to an equilibrium thickness, the black film. This evolution can be slowed down enormously so that the appearance of a recently formed thick and colored film can be preserved for hours or weeks. Such juvenescent films form when the evaporation of water is prevented and that of a minor but highly surface-active component is favored. For example, a solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate containing decyl or octyl alcohol gives juvenescent films in a thermostated enclosure, containing also a micellar solution which is initially free of the alcohol and is capable of absorbing it from the vapor phase. Juvenescence depends on a pseudo-steady state in which the surface tension of a film element increase on account of evaporation of the alcohol, and this causes contraction and thickening, return to the bulk liquid, and replacement by a fresh film element rich in alcohol. The analogy to “tears of strong wine” is marked. Quantitative experiments, using octyl alcohol, are also described. Any condition favoring this effect must be eliminated if accurate equilbrium film-thickness measurements are to be obtained.     

Complex feedback displays in a man-machine system.

Performance of 9 AF pilots was studied under 3 simulated flight conditions: reference (full instrument panel), control (attitude indicator covered), experimental (turn indicator covered, integrated roll and turn indicator substituted). "Two principles of design display are supported by the data: a. The command effectiveness of a feedback display is increased by the distinct indication therein of control-induced components of the system output. b. The command effectiveness of a feedback display is increased by anticipatory indication therein of the feedback signal." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)