反钙钛矿结构锰氮化合物奇特的热膨胀性质(英文)

通过变温X射线衍射技术研究了反钙钛结构Mn3XN(X=Ga,Zn,Sn,Cu)化合物的热膨胀性质.随着温度的升高,此类材料在磁相变附近有时会伴随人的品格收缩,即负热膨胀效应.尽管如此,晶格收缩并不总是发生,如:Mn3ZnN,Mn3CuN,Mn3SnN.对这种独特的热膨胀性质与X位 置元素价电子数之间的关系进行了讨论.结果表明:3价元素更有利于此类化合物产生负热膨胀效应.通过X位置无素掺杂,可调控此类材料的负热膨胀系数和温区.Mn3Zn0.5Ge0.5N的负热膨胀系数可达-7.15×10-6/K,温区扩展到100K左右.此外,还发现Mn3GaN和Mn3Zn0.7Sn0.3N在室温附近, 晶胞常数随温度的升高几乎保持不变,显示为近零膨胀.     

Preparation of high loading Pt nanoparticles on ordered mesoporous carbon with a controlled Pt size and its effects on oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation reactions

A series of ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) supported Pt (Pt/OMC) catalysts with a controlled Pt size from 2.7 to 6.7 nm at high Pt loading around 60 wt.% have been prepared and their electrocatalytic activities for the electrode reactions relevant to the direct methanol fuel cells have been investigated. The Pt/OMC catalysts with a high dispersion (Pt size around 3 nm) could be prepared by the use of a modified, sequential impregnation–reduction method. The Pt/OMC catalysts containing larger Pt particles were obtained by increasing reduction temperature under hydrogen flow and Pt loading, and by performing impregnation–reduction in a single cycle. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) activities of Pt/OMC catalysts as a function of Pt size were investigated at room temperature in 0.1 M HClO₄ and (0.1 M HClO₄ + 0.5 M methanol), respectively. The specific activity of Pt/OMC for ORR steeply increased up to 3.3 nm and became independent of Pt size from 3.3 to 6.7 nm, and the mass activity curve exhibited maximum activity at 3.3 nm. The MOR activity of Pt/OMC also exhibited the similar trend with the ORR activity, as the maximum of mass activity was also found at 3.3 nm. The results of the present work indicate that the Pt catalysts of ca. 3 nm is an optimum particle size for both ORR and MOR, and this information may be translated into design of high performance membrane electrode assembly.     

两边连接钢板剪力墙抗剪静力性能研究

采用ANSYS有限元程序对两边连接钢板剪力墙进行数值模拟分析。通过对单跨多层两边连接钢板剪力墙在单向荷载作用下的受力特点进行分析,提出、建立并验证等效简化计算模型;研究两边连接钢板剪力墙的受力机理和破坏模式,分析钢板高厚比λ和跨高比β对两边连接钢板剪力墙抗剪静力性能的影响,探讨框架梁的受力特点。研究结果表明:高厚比λ和跨高比β是影响两边连接钢板剪力墙抗剪静力性能的主要因素;两边连接钢板剪力墙与四边连接钢板剪力墙剪力传递方式是不同的;两边连接钢板剪力墙的钢板不对框架柱产生作用力和附加弯矩,更符合"强柱弱梁"的抗震设计理念;当采用高厚比较小的剪力墙时,两边连接钢板剪力墙对框架梁抗剪要求增大,须采取适当的构造措施,以保证框架梁不先于剪力墙破坏。     

低噪声沥青路面吸声特性研究

通过混响室法测试了低噪声沥青路面的吸声系数,研究了低噪声沥青路面的噪声特征,并与驻波管法测试结果进行了比较.引用圆管模型对吸卢系数的影响因素进行了解释.结果表明,低噪声沥青路面降噪系数为0.45,比普通混凝土路面理论降噪6.79 dB.混响室法测得吸声系数在中高频段要稍高于驻波管法所得结果.     

自粉化低钙水泥的制备方法及其碳化硬化性能

以γ-C2S为主要矿物的自粉化低钙水泥在制备和碳化硬化过程中均能显著减少二氧化碳的排放.为实现该水泥的规模化生产,对其工业原料制备方法进行了探讨,并研究了其碳化硬化性能.结果表明:取石灰石、砂岩和铁矿为水泥原料,当石灰饱和系数(KH)为0.67,硅率(SM)为2.50～4.50时,在1 300～1 400℃下进行煅烧,待炉温冷却后即可煅烧出自粉化低钙水泥.用该水泥制备尺寸为40mm×40mm×160mm的胶砂试块,碳化8h后,其抗折强度为8.2MPa,抗压强度为51.6MPa;碳化后再标准养护240d,其抗折强度可达13.9MPa,抗压强度可达70.0MPa.     

Energy levels and radiative transition rates for Ge XXXI,As XXXII,and Se XXXIII

Fine-structure energies of the 67 levels belonging to the 1s², 1s 2l$l$, 1s3l$l$, 1s4l$l$, 1s5l$l$, and 1s6l$l$ configurations of Ge XXXI, As XXXII, and Se XXXIII have been calculated using the General-Purpose Relativistic Atomic Structure Package. In addition, radiative rates, oscillator strengths, transition wavelengths, and line strengths have been calculated for all electric dipole, magnetic dipole, electric quadrupole, and magnetic quadrupole transitions among these levels. Lifetimes are also presented for all excited levels of these three ions. We have compared our results with the results available in the literature and the accuracy of the data is assessed. We predict new energy levels, oscillator strengths, and transition probabilities where no other theoretical or experimental results are available, which will form the basis for future experimental work.     

开关磁阻电机神经网络非线性映射建模方法研究

针对开关磁阻电机磁场的强非线性和高饱和性,通过有限元法得到了磁化以及转矩特性曲线簇。在此基础之上,利用神经网络的非线性映射能力,分别采取反向传播神经网络以及径向基函数神经网络对曲线簇进行了学习,进而在Matlab中建立了开关磁阻电机驱动系统的非线性动态仿真模型。对神经网络的结构及训练参数进行了敏感性分析,优化了取值,提高了逼近及泛化能力。在不同控制方法下,通过与有限元分析所得相电流以及合成转矩曲线的比较,验证了所建立开关磁阻电机驱动系统神经网络动态仿真模型的有效性。     

基于模糊层次分析法的AGC机组补偿方法研究

研究了电力市场下AGC(Automatic Generation Control自动发电控制)补偿方法,以模糊层次分析法为基础,建立了AGC机组评估模型,通过对AGC机组经济指标及性能指标的综合评估得到机组的综合评估分数,在此基础上按照单台机组综合评分在所有机组评分中所占比例计算其补偿容量费用,鼓励发电商提高机组性能并降低成本。最后通过算例验证了方法的合理性及有效性。     

Growth of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes through Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition

Aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized on glass by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MWPCVD) with a mixture of methane and hydrogen gases at the low temperature of 550~C. The experimental results show that both the self-bias potential and the density of the catalyst particles are responsible for the alignment of CNTs. When the catalyst particle density is high enough, strong interactions among the CNTs can inhibit CNTs from growing randomly and result in parallel alignment.     

一种超快速响应的片上线性稳压器

设计了一种片上超高速低压差(LDO,low dropout)线性稳压器。在仅利用100pF输出电容情况下,采用一种新颖的快速响应回路,使LDO可以响应20ns内负载电流由空载到满载的瞬态变化,大大提高了系统的瞬态响应性能。快速响应回路同时具有补偿作用,保证LDO的稳定性。芯片设计基于SMIC公司的0.35μm CMOS工艺信号模型。测试结果表明,LDO在工作模式下的静态电流约为120μA,在等待模式下的静态电流约为9μA,对上升、下降时间均小于60ns的脉冲信号具有良好的瞬态响应。