Preparation of Some New Ethylene Glycol Monoesters and Mixed Diesters of Fatty Acids

Tri-(2-hydroxyethyl)-orthoborate, obtained by reaction of ethylene glycol with boric acid, was esterified with palmitic, stearic, arachidic, oleic, hydnocarpic, elaidic and stearolic acids. Pure monoesters were obtained on hydrolysis with water in high yields. Monoelaidate and monostearolate are reported for the first time. The monoesters were reacted with acyl chlorides to yield the mixed diesters, viz., oleostearate, oleopalmitate, oleoarachidate, oleoelaidate, oleostearolate, elaidohydnocarpate, stearocaproate and stearolaurate. Except oleostearate the other compounds are reported for the first time.     

Solar radiation climate of India

This paper presents the essential results of solar radiation measurements made at a network of thirteen stations in India during the last ten years. The basic records are of total integral wavelength global solar radiation and sky radiation on a horizontal surface, and of direct solar radiation and its spectral components, defined by the wavelength intervals λ < 525, 525–630, λ < 630, 525–710 and λ < 710 nm. Values of direct solar radiation at normal incidence and on horizontal and vertical surfaces have also been calculated from continuous records of the global and sky radiation on a horizontal surface at all 13 stations. The spatial and seasonal variations of direct solar radiation, global solar, and sky radiation are discussed. Results are also presented of special direct solar observations made at a few high altitude stations in Kashmir in 1969.     

Toxic organic wastewater treatment through solid phase transformation with re-use potential

A novel treatment of wastewater generated in the production of dinitrobenzene was examined. The method involves solid phase transformation of the wastewater by slaking with lime, followed by removal of the organics contained in the lime in a muffle furnace. The regenerated lime may be re-used, e.g., for the neutralization of acidic wastewaters resulting from the manufacture of m-aminophenol. A flowsheet for the integrated treatment of dinitrobenzene and m-aminophenol plant wastewaters is proposed.     

New III-V double-heterojunction laser emitting near 3.2 μm

Double heterostructure lasers based on the InAsSbP/InAsSb system have been prepared by liquid phase epitaxy. They operate at 78 K near 3.2 μm, with a threshold current density of 4.5 kA/cm² in pulsed conditions. The characteristic temperature T₀ is 30 K