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41.
In air-compression systems, instabilities occur during operation close to their peak pressure-rise capability. However, the
peak efficiency of a compression system lies close to this region of instability. A surge is a violent mode of instability
where there is total breakdown of flow in the system and pressure-rise capability is lost drastically. Generally, all compression
systems operate with a margin defined as the ‘surge margin’, and, consequently, system operational efficiency is lower. It
is of interest to study compression-system surge to understand its dynamics in order to operate compression systems close
to the instability for achieving high efficiency safely without encountering surge. Unsteady pressure data from a compression
system, captured during surge oscillations, reveal many aspects of flow physics and are analysed to understand the surge dynamics
of the system. A set of controlled experiments was conducted with a simple desktop experimental test set-up and essential
aspects of surge dynamics have been characterised. 相似文献
42.
催化技术在降低汽油机排放方面的应用 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
本文介绍了当前催化技术在改善和降低汽油机排放方面的应用情况,指出:催化技术是改善汽油机排放的一种有效措施和重要手段。 相似文献
43.
44.
Rao R. Srivastava A. Blaauw D. Sylvester D. 《Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, IEEE Transactions on》2004,12(2):131-139
We develop a method to estimate the variation of leakage current due to both intra-die and inter-die gate length process variability. We derive an analytical expression to estimate the probability density function (PDF) of the leakage current for stacked devices found in CMOS gates. These distributions of individual gate leakage currents are then combined to obtain the mean and variance of the leakage current for an entire circuit. We also present an approach to account for both the inter- and intra-die gate length variations to ensure that the circuit leakage PDF correctly models both types of variation. The proposed methods were implemented and tested on a number of benchmark circuits. Comparison to Monte Carlo simulation validates the accuracy of the proposed method and demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed analysis method. Comparison with traditional deterministic leakage current analysis demonstrates the need for statistical methods for leakage current analysis. 相似文献
45.
The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) provides a packet switched data service for mobile users. However, the existing GPRS specification does not provide the push mechanism and it is difficult to support GPRS services such as call termination (incoming call) for wireless voice over IP (VoIP). Based on the short message service, this paper proposes a push mechanism for GPRS supporting private IP addresses. Our approach does not need to modify the existing GPRS structure. 相似文献
46.
Nonlinear dynamical method of projecting the transmission of an epidemic is accurate if the input parameters and initial value
variables are reliable. Here, such a model is proposed for predicting an epidemic. A method to supplement two variables and
two parameters for this proposed model is demonstrated through a robust statistical approach. The method described here worked
well in case of three continuous distributions. Model predictions could be lower estimates due to under-reporting of disease
cases. Anad hoc procedure with a technical note is provided in the appendix
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the annual conference of the Indian Society for Mathematical Modelling &
Computer Simulation, Bangalore, November 14–15, 2002 相似文献
47.
Uncertainty analysis and allocation of joint tolerances in robot manipulators based on interval analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Many uncertain factors influence the accuracy and repeatability of robots. These factors include manufacturing and assembly tolerances and deviations in actuators and controllers. The effects of these uncertain factors must be carefully analyzed to obtain a clear insight into the manipulator performance. In order to ensure the position and orientation accuracy of a robot end effector as well as to reduce the manufacturing cost of the robot, it is necessary to quantify the influence of the uncertain factors and optimally allocate the tolerances. This involves a study of the direct and inverse kinematics of robot end effectors in the presence of uncertain factors. This paper focuses on the optimal allocation of joint tolerances with consideration of the positional and directional errors of the robot end effector and the manufacturing cost. The interval analysis is used for predicting errors in the performance of robot manipulators. The Stanford manipulator is considered for illustration. The unknown joint variables are modeled as interval parameters due to the inherent uncertainty. The cost-tolerance model is assumed to be of an exponential form during optimization. The effects of the upper bounds on the minimum cost and relative deviations of the directional and positional errors of the end effector are also studied. 相似文献
48.
A novel polyol synthesised from castor oil by aminolysis and a partially blocked toluene–diisocyanate blocked with N,N′-diethyl lactamide was used to prepare an urethane. This was used in different weight proportions to modify epoxy amine adduct to give binders suitable for cathodic electrodeposition. The pigmented composition of these binders based on the iron oxide (natural) and titanium dioxide (rutile) gave coatings with improved performance. 相似文献
49.
Feng G.-L. Rao T.R.N. 《IEEE transactions on information theory / Professional Technical Group on Information Theory》1993,39(1):37-45
A simple decoding procedure for algebraic-geometric codes C Ω(D ,G ) is presented. This decoding procedure is a generalization of Peterson's decoding procedure for the BCH codes. It can be used to correct any [(d*-1)/2] or fewer errors with complexity O (n 3), where d * is the designed minimum distance of the algebraic-geometric code and n is the codelength 相似文献
50.
PZT铁电薄膜的制备及电学性能研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
使用硝酸锆作锆源的溶胶-凝胶方法制备PZT铁电薄膜。他们的电学性能被测试包括电滞回线,电流I(t)特性,漏电流,矫顽场疲劳和老化。测到的PZT薄膜剩余极化8.2μC/cm~2,矫顽场68kV/cm.簿膜的寿命可超过10~(11)周期。 相似文献