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Marian NEGREA 《等离子体科学和技术》2020,22(1):15101-015101

We calculate the diffusion coefficients for ions moving in a prescribed electromagnetic field. Thefield is considered to be a superposition of an electrostatic stochastic field and a space-dependent and sheared magnetic field. We have considered as parameters involved in the calculation of the diffusion coefficients the shear ion Kubo number K_s~(ion), the electrostatic Kubo number K, the parallel shear ion Kubo number K_(zs)~(ion), and the parallel thermal ion Kubo number K_z~(ion).A geometrical parameter which is the measure of the product of the stochastic perpendicular correlation length and the gradient in the magnetic field strength(see definitions in the text) is found not to be important in our calculation. The results concerning the diffusion coefficients obtained in our model are in agreement with experimental data and with those corresponding to other models, and the neoclassical and anomalous values for the diffusion coefficients are obtained.  相似文献   

    

Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Marian Ralbovsky  Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Alois Vorwagner  Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techn. Michael Kleiser  Ing. Thomas Kozakow 《Beton- und Stahlbetonbau》2020,115(6):438-447

Estimating traffic-induced vibrations of road bridges prior to concreting works – Creating a meta-model for preliminary estimation of the risk of early-age concrete being negatively affected during its hardening by ongoing traffic The interaction between the bridge and the vehicles passing over it is governed by very complex interrelationships, effects of which are difficult to predict. When construction works on existing concrete bridges take place, vibrations caused by ongoing traffic pose a potential risk for the early-age concrete, which may be being negatively affected during its hardening process. But especially in the course of the planning of construction processes and procedures, a preliminary estimate of potential risk would be helpful. For this reason, large-scale computation series based on calculation models of entire bridge populations was executed. The aim was to estimate the traffic-induced vibrations of slab and T-beam bridges in common configurations to be able to take appropriate steps in planning of construction works and protect the young concrete in its critical hardening phase. The bridge vibrations were calculated by transient FE-simulation for a large number of truck passages, while bridge properties such as span, slenderness, etc. on one hand, and crossing parameters such as road surface and driving speed and lane on the other hand, were varied. The consideration of individual parameters turned out to be insufficient, therefore a meta-model in the form of simple equations was formed based on the large data set created. The meta-model combines the influence of several parameters and provides an initial estimate of the expected vibration amplitudes, which supports decision-making in the planning of necessary measures.  相似文献   

    

Zuzana Mace kov  Agta Kubí kov  Juan Bautista De Sanctis  Marian Hajdúch 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(3)

Diamond-Blackfan anaemia (DBA) is a red blood cell aplasia that in the majority of cases is associated with ribosomal protein (RP) aberrations. However, the mechanism by which this disorder leads to such a specific phenotype remains unclear. Even more elusive is the reason why non-specific agents such as glucocorticosteroids (GCs), also known as glucocorticoids, are an effective therapy for DBA. In this review, we (1) explore why GCs are successful in DBA treatment, (2) discuss the effect of GCs on erythropoiesis, and (3) summarise the GC impact on crucial pathways deregulated in DBA. Furthermore, we show that GCs do not regulate DBA erythropoiesis via a single mechanism but more likely via several interdependent pathways.  相似文献   

    

Vladimír Matlach  Daniel Dostl  Marian Novotný 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(3)

This article examines the presence of the empirical tendency known as the Menzerath–Altmann Law (MAL) on protein secondary structures. MAL is related to optimization principles observed in natural languages and in genetic information on chromosomes or protein domains. The presence of MAL is examined on a non-redundant dataset of 4728 proteins by verifying significant, negative correlations and testing classical and newly proposed formulas by fitting the observed trend. We conclude that the lengths of secondary structures are specifically dependent on their number inside the protein sequence, while possibly reflecting the formula proposed in this paper. This behavior is observed on average but is individually avoidable and possibly driven by a latent cost function. The data suggest that MAL could provide a useful guiding principle in protein design.  相似文献   

    

Mariola Rabska  Marian J. Giertych  Kinga Nowak  Emilia Pers-Kamczyc  Grzegorz Iszku&#x;o 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(22)

Dioecious species differ in the pattern and intensity of male and female reproductive investments. We aimed to determine whether female shoots deprived of generative buds show biochemical features, indicating their less-pronounced reproductive effort. For this purpose, the same branches of mature Taxus baccata females were deprived of generative organs. In the second and third years of the experiment, measurements were made in every season from the control and bud-removed shoots of females and control males. Bud removal caused an increase in nitrogen concentration almost to the level detected in the needles of male specimens, but only in current-year needles. Moreover, differences between male and control female shoots were present in the C:N ratio and increment biomass, but they disappeared when bud removal was applied to females. Additionally, between-sex differences were observed for content of phenolic compounds, carbon and starch, and SLA, independent of the female shoot reproductive effort. The study revealed that nitrogen uptake in seeds and arils may explain the lower nitrogen level and consequently the lower growth rate of females compared to males. At the same time, reproduction did not disturb carbon level in adjacent tissues, and two hypotheses explaining this phenomenon have been put forward.  相似文献   

    

Olimpia Daniela Frent  Laura Gratiela Vicas  Narcis Duteanu  Claudia Mona Morgovan  Tunde Jurca  Annamaria Pallag  Mariana Eugenia Muresan  Sanda Monica Filip  Roxana-Liana Lucaciu  Eleonora Marian 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(20)

From the multitude of materials currently available on the market that can be used in the development of microparticles, sodium alginate has become one of the most studied natural anionic polymers that can be included in controlled-release pharmaceutical systems alongside other polymers due to its low cost, low toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and gelatinous die-forming capacity in the presence of Ca²⁺ ions. In this review, we have shown that through coacervation, the particulate systems for the dispensing of drugs consisting of natural polymers are nontoxic, allowing the repeated administration of medicinal substances and the protection of better the medicinal substances from degradation, which can increase the capture capacity of the drug and extend its release from the pharmaceutical form.  相似文献   

    

Vlasta Demeckova  Dagmar Mudronova  Sona Gancarcikova  Peter Kubatka  Karol Kajo  Monika Kassayova  Bianka Bojkova  Marian Adamkov  Peter Solr 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(12)

Due to the physiological complexity of the tumour, a single drug therapeutic strategy may not be sufficient for effective treatment. Emerging evidence suggests that combination strategies may be important to achieve more efficient tumour responses. Different immunomodulators are frequently tested to reverse the situation for the purpose of improving immune response and minimizing chemotherapy side effects. Immodin (IM) represents an attractive alternative to complement chemotherapy, which can be used to enhance the immune system after disturbances resulting from the side effects of chemotherapy. In the presented study, a model of CT26 tumor-bearing mice was used to investigate the effect of single IM or its combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on colon cancer cells. Our results highlight that the beneficial role of IM claimed in previous studies cannot be generalised to all chemotherapeutic drugs, as 5-FU toxicity was not increased. On the contrary, the chemotherapeutic anti-cancer efficacy of 5-FU was greatly compromised when combined with IM. Indeed, the combined treatment was significantly less effective regarding the tumour growth and animal survival, most probably due to the increased number of tumour-associated macrophages, and increased 5-FU cytotoxic effect related to kidneys and the liver.  相似文献   

    

Alexandru Marian Bologa  Ileana Stoica  Attila Cristian Ratiu  Nicoleta Denisa Constantin  Alexandru Al. Ecovoiu 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(23)

To date, different strategies of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) have been developed in order to understand the genome structure and functions. However, the analysis of genomic sequences obtained from natural populations is challenging and the biological interpretation of sequencing data remains the main issue. The MinION device developed by Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) is able to generate long reads with minimal costs and time requirements. These valuable assets qualify it as a suitable method for performing WGS, especially in small laboratories. The long reads resulted using this sequencing approach can cover large structural variants and repetitive sequences commonly present in the genomes of eukaryotes. Using MinION, we performed two WGS assessments of a Romanian local strain of Drosophila melanogaster, referred to as Horezu_LaPeri (Horezu). In total, 1,317,857 reads with a size of 8.9 gigabytes (Gb) were generated. Canu and Flye de novo assembly tools were employed to obtain four distinct assemblies with both unfiltered and filtered reads, achieving maximum reference genome coverages of 94.8% (Canu) and 91.4% (Flye). In order to test the quality of these assemblies, we performed a two-step evaluation. Firstly, we considered the BUSCO scores and inquired for a supplemental set of genes using BLAST. Subsequently, we appraised the total content of natural transposons (NTs) relative to the reference genome (ISO1 strain) and mapped the mdg1 retroelement as a resolution assayer. Our results reveal that filtered data provide only slightly enhanced results when considering genes identification, but the use of unfiltered data had a consistent positive impact on the global evaluation of the NTs content. Our comparative studies also revealed differences between Flye and Canu assemblies regarding the annotation of unique versus repetitive genomic features. In our hands, Flye proved to be moderately better for gene identification, while Canu clearly outperformed Flye for NTs analysis. Data concerning the NTs content were compared to those obtained with ONT for the D. melanogaster ISO1 strain, revealing that our strategy conducted to better results. Additionally, the parameters of our ONT reads and assemblies are similar to those reported for ONT experiments performed on various model organisms, revealing that our assembly data are appropriate for a proficient annotation of the Horezu genome.  相似文献   

    

Romero Yesa  Susana  Aláez-Martínez  Marian  Ferran Zubillaga  Ane  García-Olalla  Ana 《Universal Access in the Information Society》2021,20(3):573-593

Universal Access in the Information Society - This study focuses on a case study developed at a higher education institution, which comprises developing a new virtual teaching unit (VTU) aimed at...  相似文献   

    

Peter Kubatka  Martin Kello  Karol Kajo  Marek Samec  Alena Liskova  Karin Jasek  Lenka Koklesova  Tomas Kuruc  Marian Adamkov  Karel Smejkal  Emil Svajdlenka  Peter Solar  Martin Pec  Dietrich Büsselberg  Vladimira Sadlonova  Jan Mojzis 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)

Comprehensive scientific data provide evidence that isolated phytochemicals or whole plant foods may beneficially modify carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oncostatic activities of Rhus coriaria L. (sumac) using animal models (rat and mouse), and cell lines of breast carcinoma. R. coriaria (as a powder) was administered through the diet at two concentrations (low dose: 0.1% (w/w) and high dose: 1 % (w/w)) for the duration of the experiment in a syngeneic 4T1 mouse and chemically-induced rat mammary carcinoma models. After autopsy, histopathological and molecular analyses of tumor samples in rodents were performed. Moreover, in vitro analyses using MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were conducted. The dominant metabolites present in tested R. coriaria methanolic extract were glycosides of gallic acid (possible gallotannins). In the mouse model, R. coriaria at a higher dose (1%) significantly decreased tumor volume by 27% when compared to controls. In addition, treated tumors showed significant dose-dependent decrease in mitotic activity index by 36.5% and 51% in comparison with the control group. In the chemoprevention study using rats, R. coriaria at a higher dose significantly reduced the tumor incidence by 20% and in lower dose non-significantly reduced tumor frequency by 29% when compared to controls. Evaluations of the mechanism of oncostatic action using valid clinical markers demonstrated several positive alterations in rat tumor cells after the treatment with R. coriaria. In this regard, histopathological analysis of treated tumor specimens showed robust dose-dependent decrease in the ratio of high-/low-grade carcinomas by 66% and 73% compared to controls. In treated rat carcinomas, we found significant caspase-3, Bax, and Bax/Bcl-2 expression increases; on the other side, a significant down-regulation of Bcl-2, Ki67, CD24, ALDH1, and EpCam expressions and MDA levels. When compared to control specimens, evaluation of epigenetic alterations in rat tumor cells in vivo showed significant dose-dependent decrease in lysine methylation status of H3K4m3 and H3K9m3 and dose-dependent increase in lysine acetylation in H4K16ac levels (H4K20m3 was not changed) in treated groups. However, only in lower dose of sumac were significant decreases in the expression of oncogenic miR210 and increase of tumor-suppressive miR145 (miR21, miR22, and miR155 were not changed) observed. Finally, only in lower sumac dose, significant decreases in methylation status of three out of five gene promoters–ATM, PTEN, and TIMP3 (PITX2 and RASSF1 promoters were not changed). In vitro evaluations using methanolic extract of R. coriaria showed significant anticancer efficacy in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells (using Resazurin, cell cycle, annexin V/PI, caspase-3/7, Bcl-2, PARP, and mitochondrial membrane potential analyses). In conclusion, sumac demonstrated significant oncostatic activities in rodent models of breast carcinoma that were validated by mechanistic studies in vivo and in vitro.  相似文献