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排序方式: 共有127条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
Koenraad Theuwissen Marie-Christine Lafont Lydia Laffont Bernard Viguier Jacques Lacaze 《Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals》2012,65(6):627-631
The present work brings new insights by transmission electron microscopy allowing disregarding or supporting some of the models proposed for spheroidal growth of graphite in cast irons. Nodules consist of sectors made of graphite plates elongated along a ??a?? direction and stack on each other with their c axis aligned with the radial direction. These plates are the elementary units for spheroidal growth and a calculation supports the idea that new units continuously nucleate at the ledge between sectors. 相似文献
92.
The metabolites from leucine degradation are involved in dry fermented sausage aroma. The catabolism of leucine by a strain of Carnobacterium piscicola was studied directly in the growth medium with 3H-labelled leucine to investigate the effect of five parameters: phase of growth, pH, oxygen, glucose and alpha-ketoisocaproic acid. Resting cells (RC) were also incubated with 3H-labelled leucine. The radioactive metabolites from leucine catabolism were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). At pH 5.4 and 7.2, the main metabolites detected were 3-methyl butanal, 3-methyl butanol and alpha-ketoisocaproic acid. At pH 6.5, the leucine catabolism was maximum and was characterised by a high production of 3-methyl butanoic acid. Leucine catabolism was most important during the exponential phase of growth. The addition of alpha-ketoisocaproic acid at 1%, glucose at levels of 0.5% to 2% and shaking of the growth medium increased leucine catabolism. 相似文献
93.
Salles C Chagnon MC Feron G Guichard E Laboure H Morzel M Semon E Tarrega A Yven C 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2011,51(1):67-90
During eating, foods are submitted to two main oral processes-chewing, including biting and crushing with teeth, and progressive impregnation by saliva resulting in the formation of a cohesive bolus and swallowing of the bolus. Texture influences the chewing behavior, including mastication and salivation, and in turn, these parameters influence texture perception and bolus formation. During this complex mouth process, flavor compounds are progressively released from the food matrix. This phenomenon is mainly dependent on the food texture, the composition and in-mouth breakdown, and on saliva impregnation and activity, but an individual's anatomical and physiological aspects characteristics should also be taken into account. This article reviews the knowledge and progresses on in-mouth processes leading to food breakdown and flavor release and affecting perception. Relationships between food texture and composition, food breakdown, oral physiology, and flavor release are developed and discussed. This review includes not only the mechanical aspects of oral physiology but also the biological aspects such as the influence of saliva composition, activity, and regulation on flavor perception. In vitro and in silico approaches are also described. 相似文献
94.
Samelis J Bleicher A Delbès-Paus C Kakouri A Neuhaus K Montel MC 《Food microbiology》2011,28(1):76-83
This study used a combination of phenotypic, physical (Fourier Transformed Infra-Red [FTIR] spectroscopy) and molecular (RFLP and SSCP analysis of 16S rRNA genes) methods to identify the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) flora present in traditional Greek Graviera cheese after five weeks of ripening. A total of 300 isolates collected from high dilution plates of TSAYE (incubated at 30 °C), M-17 (22 °C) and M-17 (42 °C) agar media were clustered by FTIR and then representative strains of each cluster were cross-identified blindly by all methods. Based on their FTIR spectra, 282 isolates were LAB grouped in 28 clusters. The LAB species identified and their prevalence in the cheese samples were: Lactobacillus casei/paracasei (68.8%), Lactobacillus plantarum (19.5%), Streptococcus thermophilus (8.9%), Enterococcus faecium (2.1%), and Lactococcus lactis (0.7%). Also, Staphylococcus equorum (11 isolates), Corynebacterium sp. (5 isolates) and Brevibacterium sp. (1 isolate) were recovered from TSAYE. Comparative identification results showed that phenotypic and molecular methods were in mutual agreement as regards the LAB species identified. The present polyphasic identification approach based on rapid FTIR screening of 10-fold more isolates than a previous classical identification approach allowed or improved detection of few sub-dominant species; however the predominant LAB species in the cheese samples were the same with both approaches. 相似文献
95.
Benoît Bargui Koubala Germain Kansci Catherine Garnier Jean-François Thibault Marie-Christine Ralet 《Food and Bioprocess Technology》2013,6(2):591-597
The preparation of fibres from mango and ambarella peels can offer a way to upgrade by-products. Comparatively to lime, ambarella and mango fibres were prepared from their corresponding peels using ethanolic treatment (85% at 70 °C/5 min). The peels were characterised for their dry matter content, pH and apparent viscosity. The soluble dietary fibre (SDF) and insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) contents of the samples were determined. Hydration capacity of these fibres was evaluated. Results showed that the ethanolic treatment of the peels (85% at 70 °C/5 min) had significant (p?<?0.05) effects on the contents of neutral sugars and uronic acid (from 105 to even 203 mg/g in case of mango fibre). For ambarella fibres, the proportion of IDF (51%) was highest and that of SDF (34%) was lowest. Mango and lime fibres exhibited similar values of IDF (40–43%) and SDF (50–57%). Mango peel fibres had higher hydration capacities than ambarella and lime fibres. The best dietary fibres content and the high hydration capacities of mango peel fibres favour their exploitation in dietary fibre-rich foods preparation. 相似文献
96.
97.
Besche Chrystel; Passerieux Christine; Hardy-Baylé Marie-Christine; Sarfati Yves; Segui Jaun; Laurent Jean-Paul 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,11(4):498
Two lexical-decision tasks with 500-ms stimulus-onset asynchrony were conducted with 34 schizophrenic patients. This group consisted of 24 schizophrenic patients with thought disorder (TD) and 10 schizophrenic patients without thought disorder (NTD), 14 psychiatric controls (depressive illness), 20 hospitalized controls, and 20 normal controls. One lexical-decision task with semantic relations (related vs. unrelated, Experiment 1) and 1 task with syntactic relations (congruent vs. incongruent; Experiment 2) were used to evaluate processing of different lexical information. In Experiment 1, although all control groups and NTD schizophrenic patients showed semantic priming, TD schizophrenic patients did not. In Experiment 2, all groups showed a significant syntactic effect. These findings provide evidence for an abnormality in semantic processing and the preservation of syntactic processing in TD schizophrenic patients, thus suggesting a deficit in the processing of semantic information under certain conditions when compared with normal syntactic processing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
98.
Several studies have shown the importance of the stepfather-stepchild relationship in the successful adaptation of young people to stepfamilies. Indeed, when there is a good affective relationship between a stepfather and stepchild, there is a lower risk of stepchild having problems. Though it is known that the quality of this relationship has an impact, there is still a great deal of uncertainty about the best way for stepfathers to fulfill their role. This article examines how the stepfather's parenting style influences the externalised and internalised behaviour problems of young people in stepfamilies. The data were obtained from interviews with 104 adolescents (63.5 % girls; 36.5 % boys) who answered the Youth Self-Report (Achenbach, 1991), the Parental Authority Questionnaire (Buri, 1991), and the Child Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (Rohner, 1984). The results show that the majority of young people saw their stepfather as being involved in their upbringing. More than a third of the sample considered that their stepfather was authoritarian, and another third saw him as authoritative. The young people's level of adaptation was associated with the stepfather's parenting style. Young people who saw their stepfather as being authoritative or warm particularly benefited from the relationship. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
99.
The ring compression test method has been evaluated as a tool to assess Zircaloy-4 cladding mechanical properties and to analyze oxide layer damage evolution with applied strain. For sufficient axial length, the test is shown to develop plane strain conditions at the most deformed location. The test analysis requires finite element calculations. The aim of the paper is to highlight the potentialities of the ring compression test method. 相似文献
100.
Based on data gathered from a first Edi experiment initiated in various industrial and service sectors, this paper tries first to locate the actual level of accomplishment beyond what is declared. A second step will be to identify some important questions raised by these experiments in the field of industrial activity and in economic changes in progress with the concerned companies. It is shown that merging Edi and just-in-time brings new behavioural stiffness. Also global quality policy associated with Edi raises new demands concerning risks management. 相似文献