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91.
Martine Courant Rife Author Vitae 《Computers and Composition》2007,24(2):154-178
Writing teachers have always had to contend with plagiarism. However, the technology of the Internet and the thorny issues of copyright law complicate how we teach legal and ethical use of others’ materials in the networked classroom. Our pedagogy and curriculum choices and our students’ writing practices are shaped by a legal infrastructure that includes the fair use doctrine. Our understanding and knowledge of the fair use doctrine should become second nature to us. Critical awareness of fair use, the four-factor test, and how to conduct appropriate analyses when using others’ materials must become part of the everyday digital writing/new media classroom curriculum. To this end, the author summarizes the salient points of law and practice of fair use and demonstrates, in small ways, how the fair use doctrine can inform the teaching of writing in digital contexts. As teachers, researchers, and experts of writing, the discourse of fair use must be considered in addition to the discourse of plagiarism. 相似文献
92.
Roberto Milani Mario Gleria Silvia Gross Roger De Jaeger Ahmed Mazzah Leon Gengembre Martine Frere Charafeddine Jama 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2008,18(3):344-351
In this paper we describe a two-step surface modification process of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) by exploiting hexachlorocyclophosphazene and poly(dichlorophosphazene) as coupling agents. Part of the P–Cl
groups of the chlorophosphazenes is first reacted with the surface hydroxylic groups of the substrate to form covalent P–O–C
bonds, the remaining being utilized for successive substitution reactions with different nucleophiles (i.e. 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol,
heptadecafluorononanol and 4-hydroxyazobenzene). Modified surface properties, such as hydrophobicity improvement with fluorinated
alcohols and photochromic features with the azobenzene derivative, were verified by contact angle measurements and UV–Vis
spectroscopy, respectively, while changes in surface composition were demonstrated through XPS spectroscopy. 相似文献
93.
Fuzzy Rough Sets: The Forgotten Step 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Martine De Cock Chris Cornelis Etienne E. Kerre 《Fuzzy Systems, IEEE Transactions on》2007,15(1):121-130
Traditional rough set theory uses equivalence relations to compute lower and upper approximations of sets. The corresponding equivalence classes either coincide or are disjoint. This behaviour is lost when moving on to a fuzzy T-equivalence relation. However, none of the existing studies on fuzzy rough set theory tries to exploit the fact that an element can belong to some degree to several "soft similarity classes" at the same time. In this paper we show that taking this truly fuzzy characteristic into account may lead to new and interesting definitions of lower and upper approximations. We explore two of them in detail and we investigate under which conditions they differ from the commonly used definitions. Finally we show the possible practical relevance of the newly introduced approximations for query refinement 相似文献
94.
Daniele Catanzaro Martine Labbé 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2009,16(5):561-584
Haplotyping estimation from aligned single-nucleotide polymorphism fragments has attracted more and more attention in recent years due to its importance in analysis of many fine-scale genetic data. Its application fields range from mapping of complex disease genes to inferring population histories, passing through designing drugs, functional genomics, and pharmacogenetics. The literature proposes a number of estimation criteria to select a set of haplotypes among possible alternatives. Usually, such criteria can be expressed under the form of objective functions, and the sets of haplotypes that optimize them are referred to as optimal. One of the most important estimation criteria is the pure parsimony, which states that the optimal set of haplotypes for a given set of genotypes is that having minimal cardinality. Finding the minimal number of haplotypes necessary to explain a given set of genotypes involves solving an optimization problem, called the pure parsimony haplotyping (PPH) estimation problem, which is notoriously -hard. This article provides an overview of PPH, and discusses the different approaches to solution that occur in the literature. 相似文献
95.
96.
Martine Labb Miguel A. Pozo Justo Puerto 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2021,28(1):48-69
Let be a given graph whose edge set is partitioned into a set R of red edges and a set B of blue edges, and assume that red edges are weighted and contain a spanning tree of G. Then, the Stackelberg minimum spanning tree game (StackMST) is that of pricing (i.e., weighting) the blue edges in such a way that the total weight of the blue edges selected in a minimum spanning tree of the resulting graph is maximized. In this paper, we present different new mathematical programming formulations for the StackMST based on the properties of the minimum spanning tree problem and the bilevel optimization. We establish a theoretical and empirical comparison between these new formulations that are able to solve random instances of 20–70 nodes. We also test our models on instances in the literature, outperforming previous results. 相似文献
97.
98.
Docosahexaenoic acid modulates oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis via PI3K/Akt m‐TOR/p70S6K pathways in human RPE cells
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99.
The idea of taking into account environmental impact criteria in the process design becomes a necessity for both the industry and governments, due to increased binding regulations. Moreover, to address the issue of integrating sustainable processes, environmental impact must be weighed and balanced against other concerns, such as economic performance, product quality, and long-term sustainability. Therefore, this study introduces a methodology for environmental impact minimization and optimization of multiple conflicting criteria. A general eco-design method for biomass drying process is proposed. The main target is to develop an assessment computer-aided process engineering tool that compares environmental impacts of different operating conditions and fuel types to support decision-makers for an improved compliance to environmental criterion and sustainability. 相似文献