The effect of hydrolysed tragacanth gum and inulin on the probiotic viability and quality characteristics of low‐fat yoghurt

This study investigates the effect of supplementation of tragacanth gum (GT, 0.05% w/v), low molecular weight gum tragacanth (LMWGT, 0.5% w/v) and inulin (0.5% w/v) on the viability of Bifidobacterium bifidum and the quality parameters of low‐fat yoghurt during a three‐week storage period. The count of probiotics was found to be 7.8 log cfu/g in inulin, and LMWGT enriched yoghurts at the end of the storage period. The minimum water holding capacity and the maximum syneresis values were also obtained in the low‐fat yoghurt enriched with GT throughout the storage time. The samples containing inulin and LMWGT revealed sensory attributes that were judged superior compared to those in GT.     

Simultaneous determination of Sunset yellow and Tartrazine in soft drinks using gold nanoparticles carbon paste electrode

The monitoring of synthetic dyes in foods is very important due to their potential harmfulness to human beings. Herein, a carbon-paste electrode (CPE) that is chemically modified with gold nanoparticles (nAu) was fabricated and used for the determination of Sunset yellow (SY) and Tartrazine (Tz). Cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry (CV and DPV) results revealed two well-resolved anodic peaks for SY and Tz with remarkably increase in oxidation signals of these colourants. Based on this, a novel electrochemical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of SY and Tz. High sensitivity and selectivity, sub-micromolar detection limit, high reproducibility and regeneration of the electrode surface by simple polishing make the nAu-CPE electrode very suitable for the determination of SY and Tz in commercially available soft drinks. The detection limits was 3.0 × 10⁻⁸ and 2.0 × 10⁻⁹ mol l⁻¹ for SY and Tz, respectively, which are remarkably lower than those reported previously for SY and Tz using other modified electrodes.     

Methacrylate-functionalized POSS as an efficient adhesion promoter in olefin-based adhesives

This study aims to investigate the effects of methacrylate-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (MA-POSS) on polyolefin-based adhesives. The so called adhesive was synthesized by the cooligomerization of 1-decene/9-decene-1-ol monomers using a Ti amine bis-phenolate catalyst, [Ti{2,2′-(OC₆H₂-4,6-^tBu₂)₂NHC₂H₄NH(OⁱPr)₂], which was subsequentlyacrylated via a simple reaction with methacryloyl chloride. Different weight fractions of MA-POSS nanoparticles were solution blended with synthesized adhesive and undergone curing reaction with blue light. Observation of a unique tan δ peak in dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) curve was clear evidence that two employed moieties were miscible and only one hybrid polymeric phase was created. Most noticeably, significant increase in mechanical parameters was detected in the lower inclusion compositions, 0.2-1 wt% of MA-POSS, where flexural strength and flexural modulus were increased up to 99 and 110%, respectively. Furthermore, thermal stability of the synthesized nanocomposite enhanced dramatically by increasing MA-POSS weight fraction. Influence of employed nanoparticles on adhesion properties of synthesized nanocomposites was evaluated with tensile shear bond strength and pull off analysis. According to the adhesion results, the MA-POSS causes an adhesion promotion on the fabricated adhesive/POSS nanocomposites.     

Novel Fault Management Framework Using Markov Chain in Wireless Sensor Networks: FMMC

Wireless Personal Communications - Due to using wireless sensor nodes (WSNs) in inaccessible areas and applying limitations in making nodes to reduce costs, these networks are prone to faults. The...     

Development of a Robust Carrier Synchronizer for High Dynamic and Low Signal to Noise Ratio Signals in GPS Receivers

Wireless Personal Communications - In this paper, a robust carrier recovery loop for high dynamic and weak signals in GPS receivers is proposed. To achieve optimal tracking performance at...     

Rotational and axial flow of pseudoplastic fluids

Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials - Effects of a controllable axial flow on the stability of rotational flow of pseudoplastic fluids in the gap between concentric cylinders are studied. It is...     

Investigation of effective dimensionless numbers on initiation of instability in combustion of moisty organic dust简

In this work, the effect of various effective dimensionless numbers and moisture contents on initiation of instability in combustion of moisty organic dust is calculated. To have reliable model, effect of thermal radiation is taken into account. One- dimensional flame structure is divided into three zones： preheat zone, reaction zone and post-flame zone. To investigate pulsating characteristics of flame, governing equations are rewritten in dimensionless space-time （（, r/, ~） coordinates. By solving these newly achieved governing equations and combining them, which is completely discussed in body of article, a new expression is obtained. By solving this equation, it is possible to predict initiation of instability in organic dust flame. According to the obtained results by increasing Lewis number, threshold of instability happens sooner. On the other hand, pulsating is postponed by increasing Damk6hler number, pyrolysis temperature or moisture content. Also, by considering thermal radiation effect, burning velocity predicted by our model is closer to experimental results.