费-托合成蜡中轻烃组成的气相色谱分析

建立了费-托(F-T)合成蜡中烃类组成的气相色谱分析方法。通过附带的反吹附件吹扫出高碳数物质,实现F-T合成蜡直接色谱进样,详细分析蜡中低于400 ℃馏分中的正构烷烃、烯烃及正构醇含量。实验优化了色谱柱类型、柱箱温度、反吹压力、反吹时间等色谱参数,所建分析方法已应用于高、低温F-T合成蜡的不同类型烃类的组成分析。分析结果表明：相对于低温F-T合成蜡,高温F-T合成蜡中含有更多的α-烯烃、正构烷烃和正构醇;此外,随着反应温度的升高,高温F-T合成蜡中异构烃含量增加,α-烯烃、正构烷烃和正构醇含量有所降低。     

分子筛用于丙炔/丙烯的高效分离

为解决传统的丙炔/丙烯分离能耗高,制约丙烯生产效率的问题,探讨了几种孔径尺寸接近的5A分子筛、4A分子筛和Silicalite 1分子筛对丙炔/丙烯的分离性能,通过吸附分离的方式,实现了高效的丙炔/丙烯分离。详细考察了5A分子筛、4A分子筛和Silicalite 1分子筛〖JP2〗在273 K和298 K下对丙炔/丙烯的单组分吸附性能,并进行了选择性计算。对5A分子筛、4A分子筛和Silicalite 1分子筛进行了模拟固定床的丙炔/丙烯(V〖DK〗(C3H4)∶V(C3H6)〖JP〗=1∶99)混合气穿透实验。结果表明,5A分子筛具有最优的分离效果。实现了基于分子筛对丙炔/丙烯的高效分离,为分子筛在低碳烃的分离应用提供了新的方向。     

四川盆地高磨地区灯影组转向酸类型选择研究及应用

针对四川盆地高磨地区灯影组碳酸盐岩Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ储层,通过转向酸变黏峰值黏度、双岩心酸化效果、转向压力等室内实验结果分析表明高酸浓度变黏型转向酸对于Ⅱ、Ⅲ类储层具有更好的转向效果,现场试验最大转向压力10 MPa;低酸浓度变黏型转向酸对于Ⅰ类储层具有更好的转向效果,现场试验最大转向压力12 MPa。     

光谱干扰实时校正器的研究

复杂的光谱干扰限制了ICP-AES分析技术的进一步发展。最近提出的一些光谱干扰校正算法都因运算量大,而难以在一般微机上实时运行。本文基于算法和处理速度的综合考虑,采用VLSI数字信号处理器(DSP芯片)构成光谱干扰校正硬件与Shen Lansun(沈兰荪)等人(1989)提出的算法相结合,初步实现了对ICP-AES光谱干扰的实时校正,从而为光谱干扰实时校正的研究开辟了一条新路。     

激光谐振腔内倾斜误差的自适应校正

我们设计制作了一种性能良好的倾斜镜,试验了两种校正系统:微机控制的试探爬山法系统和高频振动爬山法系统。实验结果表明,这两种校正系统,都可以成功地校正腔内倾斜误差。最后,比较了两种校正系统的优缺点。     

Effect of an arcjet plume on satellite reflector performance

The effect of an arcjet plume on the performance of satellite reflector antennas is studied. The arcjet plume is modeled as a weakly ionized plasma. The spatial permittivity distribution of the plume is approximated using the measured electron density profile and a cold plasma model. Geometrical optics is applied to determine the ray paths as well as the transmitted fields through the inhomogeneous plume. The ray optics results are compared against several exact solutions for scattering from inhomogeneous dielectrics, and good agreement is observed for sufficiently large scatterer size. The far-field antenna patterns of the reflector in the presence of the plume are calculated from the transmitted ray fields using a ray-tube integration scheme. For arcjet prototypes in the 1-kW class, the plume effect on the antenna performance is small. As the electron density increases, the main beam and sidelobe level gradually degrade. The main beam also tends to squint away from the plume region     

CO_2激光对兔脑组织血脑屏障的影响

同等功率和照射时间条件下,在14只家兔大脑皮质运用伊文思蓝染料和超微结构观察方法进行血脑屏障改变的研究。结果表明:CO_2激光作用十分表浅,且激光作用后的水肿层血脑屏障改变是可逆的。     

Effects of cooling rate on mechanical properties of near-eutectic tin-lead solder joints

This paper reports the results of a study on the effect of the cooling rate during solidification on the shear creep and low cycle shear fatigue behavior of 60 Sn/40 Pb solder joints, and on bulk solder tensile properties. Solder joints were made with three different initial microstructures by quenching, air-cooling and furnace-cooling. They have similar steady-state strain rates under creep at relatively high shear stresses (i.e. in the matrix creep region) but creep at quite different strain rates at lower shear stresses (i.e. in the grain boundary creep region). These results are ascribed to the refined grain size and less lamellar phase morphology that results on increasing the cooling rate. Tensile tests on bulk solders that were cold-worked, quenched and furnace-cooled show that a faster cooling rate decreases the ultimate strength and increases the ductility at low strain rates. The fatigue life of quenched solder joints is shown to be longer than that of the furnace-cooled joints.     

Electromagnetics of superconductors

It is shown that a superconductor cannot be simply treated as a low-loss conductor; rather, it should be treated as a negative dielectric material (with a negative dielectric constant). This approach is good only for vanishingly small field application with frequency significantly smaller than gap frequency and temperature not too close to the critical temperature of the superconductor. The electromagnetics of negative dielectric materials are discussed in terms of causality, perturbation technique, surface impedance, time-domain interpretation of current components, and computational electrodynamics     

裂缝性边水气藏水侵机理及治水对策实验

针对裂缝性边水气藏主要治水措施建立了物理模拟方法并开展实验,系统测试了气藏内部动态压降剖面,对比分析了不同水体、不同治水措施下气藏开采动态及储量动用规律。结果表明：①水体能量不同时,相同的控气排水措施将导致完全不同的实际效果：30倍水体时,采收率可提高10.8%,而无限大水体时采收率反而降低15.6%。生产参数和动态压降剖面揭示无限大水体时,过分控制生产压差不仅难以减缓水侵,相反还会导致采速降低,延长水侵时间,加剧水侵对开发影响。②多井协同排水采气治水效果显著,裂缝性储层中的水会在自身弹性能和剩余气驱动下大量排出,大幅提升气相渗流能力,促使封闭气重新产出,采收率可再提高约10%~30%。水侵影响越严重的气藏,采取排水采气措施越早治水效果越好。③裂缝贯通水体和气井时,地层水主要沿裂缝向气井侵入,外围基质区含水饱和度增量低于5%,压降剖面显示基质区仍有大量封闭剩余气,这些未动用储量是后期开展排水采气等增产措施的重要物质基础。