含Nb高碳钢的奥氏体晶粒长大模型

通过热处理试验和组织观察,研究了在1123~1523 K内加热温度和时间对含Nb高碳钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸变化的影响,分析了奥氏体化过程Nb的析出状态,并推导了含Nb高碳钢等温加热过程的奥氏体晶粒长大模型。结果表明:随着加热时间的延长,在低温区(1123~1423 K)加热时,晶粒长大速率较慢;在高温区(1423~1523 K)加热时,晶粒发生快速长大。所建立的模型适合奥氏体化过程晶粒尺寸演变的计算。     

Influence of cooling rate on secondary phase precipitation and proeutectoid phase transformation of micro-alloyed steel containing vanadium

During continuous casting process of low carbon micro-alloyed steel containing vanadium, the evolution of strand surface microstructure and the precipitation of secondary phase particles (mainly V(C, N)) are significantly influenced by cooling rate. In this paper, influence of cooling rate on the precipitation behavior of proeutectoid α-ferrite at the γ-austenite grain boundary and in the steel matrix are in situ observed and analyzed through high temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy. The relationship between cooling rate and precipitation of V(C, N) from steel continuous casting bloom surface microstructure is further studied by scanning electron microscopy and electron dispersive spectrometer. Relative results have shown the effect of V(C, N) precipitation on α-ferrite phase transformation is mainly revealed in two aspects: (i) Precipitated V(C, N) particles act as inoculant particles to promote proeutectoid ferrite nucleation. (ii) Local carbon concentration along the γ-austenite grain boundaries is decreased with the precipitation of V(C, N), which in turn promotes α-ferrite precipitation.     

Conversion of methanol into light olefins over ZSM-11 catalyst in a circulating fluidized-bed unit

Methanol conversion and the reaction pathway were investigated in a pilot-scale circulating fluidized-bed (CFB) unit over hierarchical ZSM-11 catalyst. Experimental results indicated that ZSM-11 catalyst was highly resistant to external coke due to the formation of mesopores. Elevated temperatures favored the production of propylene and butylene and decreased the yield of ethylene. Additionally, no direct relations were shown between the formation of ethylene and other products under different pressures, suggesting that ethylene was a primary product produced at the initial of the reaction. Methylation-cracking and oligomerization were verified as the main reaction pathway for the formation of C ₃ ⁺ alkenes., Methylation and oligomerization of olefins were dominated under high methanol partial pressure and consequently responsible for the production of higher olefins, while the b-scission of C ₇ ⁼ for propene and butylene, and C ₈ ⁼ for butylene were enhanced at low methanol partial pressure.     

TNFSF15 Inhibits Blood Retinal Barrier Breakdown Induced by Diabetes

Tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15 (TNFSF15) is an endogenous neovascularization inhibitor and an important negative regulator of vascular homeostasis. This study aimed to explore the potential role of TNFSF15 in diabetic retinopathy. Vitreous TNFSF15 and VEGF levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients were detected by ELISA. Retinal expression of TNFSF15 and the content of tight junction proteins (TJPs) in rats were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, respectively. The blood retinal barrier (BRB) permeability was evaluated using Evans Blue (EB) dye. The TNFSF15/VEGF ratio was decreased in the vitreous fluid of patients with PDR relative to the controls, even though the expression levels of TNFSF15 were higher. TNFSF15 was dramatically decreased one month later after diabetes induction (p < 0.001), and then increased three months later and thereafter. TNFSF15 treatment significantly protected the BRB in the diabetic animals. Diabetes decreased TJPs levels in the retina, and these changes were inhibited by TNFSF15 treatment. Moreover, TNFSF15 decreased activation of VEGF both in mRNA and protein levels caused by diabetes. These results indicate that TNFSF15 is an important inhibitor in the progression of DR and suggest that the regulation of TNFSF15 shows promise for the development of diabetic retinopathy treatment strategies.     

熔盐电解法制备单一Sm2Fe17合金相的机理研究

选择在LiF-CaF₂-SmF₃熔盐体系中,采用熔盐电解法在1160℃下通过恒电流在Fe阴极表面获得了不同厚度(17.22～40.34μm)的Sm₂Fe₁₇合金层,同时通过循环伏安法与方波伏安法研究了Sm³⁺在W与Fe阴极上的电化学行为。结果表明,Sm³⁺无法单独沉积于W电极上,Sm³⁺在铁阴极上的还原为Sm⁰分为2步,首先在-0.33V(vs.Cr/Cr₂O₃)发生Sm³⁺还原为Sm²⁺的可溶-可溶型反应,然后当电极电势超过-0.78V(vs.Cr/Cr₂O₃)时Sm²⁺开始在阴极界面处上发生欠电势还原,在Fe电极表面生成Sm₂Fe₁₇合金,这是由于在Sm₂Fe₁₇合金中降...     

GH3230合金焊接板材长期热暴露后组织和性能研究

研究了GH3230合金焊接板材在经过不同温度(700～1000℃)、不同时间(1000～2000 h)的长期热暴露处理后显微组织和力学性能的变化。结果表明：热暴露处理后熔化区铸态组织的枝晶成分偏析程度显著降低,并且随着热暴露温度的升高,降低效果更明显,逐渐形成晶粒组织。在800℃以上长期热暴露后,室温抗拉强度和屈服强度有所降低,延伸率逐渐上升,主要是由于热影响区小颗粒状(CrW)₂₃C₆碳化物回溶和W₆C碳化物粗化导致的。随热暴露温度升高,高温持久断裂时间明显降低,而持久塑性有所升高,母材晶粒尺寸较小和碳化物粗化是焊接板材断裂在母材处的原因。     

Towards Friction Stir Remanufacturing of High-Strength Aluminum Components

Volumetric defects in high-strength aluminum alloy components were repaired via friction stir remanufacturing (FSR). Various consumable pins made of AA7075-T6 were designed. Top diameters of the consumable pins affected material flow, which ensured that the materials at the repairing interface were forged to metallurgical bonding. Conical angles determined load transfer besides material flow, which affected the fracture of the pins before the dwelling stage. Sound repaired components were achieved when the conical angle of the consumable pin was 1° larger than that of the volumetric defect. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the repaired components reached 445.9 MPa and 9.6%, respectively. The design criteria of the consumable pin in the FSR was established, which provided valuable references to repair volumetric defects in high-strength aluminum components.