动态高压微射流技术制备乳液运载体的研究进展

动态高压微射流是一种新兴的食品加工技术,由于其强剪切粉碎、高速撞击、气蚀、振荡和膨化等作用,在运载体系的乳化、均质和细化等制备过程中具有重要的应用。本文概述了乳化均质技术、动态高压微射流技术制备乳液的技术特点以及动态高压微射流技术在乳液运载体制备中的应用,为促进动态高压微射流技术的进步和乳液运载体的工业生产提供了理论参考。     

甘油施加比例对加热卷烟水分、烟碱和甘油分布的影响

目的：优化加热卷烟烟草薄片的工艺参数。方法：制备了甘油添加比例为5%~30%的12个梯度等级的加热卷烟烟草薄片,制成加热卷烟烟支。使用GC-TCD方法检测加热卷烟烟气、滤嘴冷凝段和烟芯段中水分、烟碱和甘油质量,分析主要成分的质量分布特点,以及释放率、截留率和转移率。结果：加热卷烟烟草薄片在5%~30%甘油添加比例下,水分释放率较高为88.6%~92.3%,主要分布在烟气和滤嘴冷凝段;烟碱释放率次之,为25.5%~34.2%,主要分布在滤嘴冷凝段和烟芯段;甘油释放率最低,为13.9%~21.3%,主要分布在烟芯段。结论：当烟草薄片选择10%~18%的甘油添加比例时,加热卷烟的烟碱和甘油具有较高的转移率和较低的截留率。     

大米超高压处理对脱水方便米饭品质的影响

研究了大米超高压处理对脱水方便米饭品质的影响。将盘锦、五常大米按米水比1∶2在40℃水中浸泡40 min后,15℃下对其分别施加200、400、600 MPa的压力处理10 min并制成热风干燥方便米饭,随后对方便米饭的质构、复水率、复水时间、碘蓝值、透光率和色泽进行测定。结果表明,2种大米超高压处理后,制得方便米饭的硬度、黏着性、咀嚼性、弹性、回复性、凝聚性均降低;复水率下降,200 MPa处理后方便米饭的复水率最低;复水时间略有缩短,600 MPa处理后方便米饭的复水时间最短;碘蓝值升高,600 MPa处理的五常大米和400 MPa处理的盘锦大米制得方便米饭的碘蓝值最高;透光率降低,200 MPa处理后方便米饭的透光率最低;400、600 MPa处理的五常大米和600 MPa处理的盘锦大米制得的方便米饭的白度值(W)略有升高。综合分析方便米饭各项品质指标后的结果显示,超高压不宜作为热风干燥方便米饭原料的预处理方式。     

Size and shape controllable synthesis and luminescent properties of BaGdF5:Ce3+/Ln3+ (Ln = Sm, Dy, Eu, Tb) nano/submicrocrystals by a facile hydrothermal process

In this paper, we present a facile and environmentally-friendly hydrothermal process to synthesize BaGdF(5): 2.5 mol% Ce(3+)/2.5 mol% Ln(3+) (Ln = Sm, Dy, Eu and Tb) nano/submicroparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as photoluminescence (PL) spectra are used to characterize the resulting samples. The size, shape, and composition of the products could be tuned just by varying the organic additives and the pH values of the initial reaction solutions. The morphologies for the products include nanospheres, submicrospheres, peanut-like particles, as well as the spindle-like and star-like aggregates. Moreover, the size of the samples can be tuned from 50 nm to 150 nm. Additionally, we systematically investigate the luminescence properties of different lanthanide ions in BaGdF(5) host. Under single-wavelength excitation at 260 nm, the samples doped with different lanthanide ions show intensive multicolor visible emissions depending on the doped Ln(3+) ions. The luminescence process can be attributed to the strong absorption of UV irradiation by Ce(3+) ions, followed by energy transfer to Gd(3+) ions, from which the energy is transferred to Ln(3+), resulting in the emission from the luminescent Ln(3+) centers. The Gd(3+) ions play an intermediate role in this process.     

Nano-Si3N4/epoxidized silane/cyanate ester composites for electronic packaging

A novel kind of high performance composite of nano-Si₃N₄/epoxidized silane/cyanate ester (nano-Si₃N₄/ESi/BCE) has been developed. The mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties of the composite were investigated. The impact and flexural strength values of the nano-Si₃N₄/ESi/BCE system are 15.7 kJ/m² and 114.2 MPa, respectively, which are increased by about 56 and 21 % compared with those of pure BCE resin, respectively. The glass transition temperature of the nano-Si₃N₄/ESi/BCE system is 278.7 °C, which is nearly 30 °C higher than that of pure BCE resin. In addition, nano-Si₃N₄/ESi/BCE system also exhibits lower and more stable dielectric loss than pure BCE resin over the testing frequency from 10 to 50 MHz. All these improvements of properties are closely correlated to the synergistic effects between nano-Si₃N₄ and ESi in the BCE matrix. The novel nano-Si₃N₄/ESi/BCE system with the outstanding integrated properties shows great potentialities to be applied in the field of electronic packaging.     

铁钼法甲醛工艺中甲醇转化率低的原因及改进

介绍了河南开祥化工有限公司引进美国DBW铁钼氧化法生产甲醛的工艺,从空气质量、催化剂、氧含量、空速、反应温度、吸收水pH、甲醇雾化率等方面,分析了甲醛生产过程中甲醇转化率低的原因,并总结了实际生产中提高甲醇转化率的方法:控制工艺操作参数、保证催化剂装填质量、注意催化剂的保护等。     

PLM在服装企业的应用现状分析

文章对PLM（产品生命周期管理）的概念进行了介绍,从PLM服装行业解决方案的特点、应用优势以及方法等方面分析了PLM在服装行业的应用现状及发展前景。     

噁唑烷酮改性环氧树脂的性能

采用4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)对双酚A环氧树脂和脂肪族环氧树脂进行噁唑烷酮化共改性,研究了MDI及作为活性稀释剂的脂肪族环氧用量对改性产物黏度及树脂固化物力学性能、耐热性的影响。结果表明,低改性比和稀释剂可以有效降低唑烷酮改性环氧树脂黏度,当改性比为4∶1时,树脂固化物拉伸强度、弯曲强度达到75.4 MPa和158.2 MPa,分别比环氧树脂固化物提高了64%和57%,断裂延伸率和冲击强度有较大提高,具有高强高韧的特点。稀释剂含量对Tg影响较小,各改性树脂Tg在108～118℃之间,与纯环氧树脂的耐热性相当。     

TSP求解问题的各种方案比较

本文论述TSP解决的各种方法,并且用各种方法求解了TSP问题,最后随着城市数目的增加,越来越显示出各种方法的优缺点,其中人工鱼算法运行速度快,遗传算法精度更高。     

数控机床切削加工过程的模型参考自适应控制研究

阐述了一种基于数控机床切削加工过程的模型参考自适应控制方法.通过MATLAB/SIMULINK分别仿真了闭环、开环和模型参考自适应控制3种情况下的机床切削加工过程模型.仿真结果表明:模型参考自适应控制方法比其它两种方法更能根据机床变化的切削条件及时修正切削用量,使机床在加工中保持良好的切削性能.