箱梁底板张拉崩裂行为研究及预应力损失分析

介绍了连续刚构桥中箱梁底板预应力束张拉崩裂的含义,对预应力效应导致的底板张拉崩裂行为的形成机理和产生原因进行了详细分析与讨论,采用解析法对不同崩裂长度和不同钢束位置偏离程度的预应力损失进行了计算分析.最后,在设计和施工方面提出了处理预应力束张拉崩裂的方法和建议.通过实例分析表明:该新型算法能准确地计算出底板钢束崩裂后的预应力损失,方便且适用性较强.     

芯片电镀铜添加剂的研究进展

添加剂是芯片电镀铜过程中实现无空隙填充必不可少的一部分.电镀液成分复杂,各类添加剂如加速剂、抑制剂以及整平剂在电镀过程中的协同作用机制需要进一步研究.为揭示芯片电镀铜添加剂的反应机理,本论文综述了国内外相关的研究工作,对电镀铜添加剂的种类和相互作用进行了分析和总结,并指出了今后的发展方向.     

场景文字识别技术研究综述

对文字检测和识别技术进行了全面的介绍。介绍了自然场景文字识别技术的研究背景、应用领域、技术难点等;介绍了场景文字识别的预处理技术及流程,介绍了近年来出现的基于深度学习的通用检测网络、维吾尔文和中英文的深度学习文字检测网络、场景文字识别深度学习网络、端到端场景文字检测与识别深度学习网络,并总结了各类网络的结构特点、优势、局限性、应用场景以及实现成本,接着进行了综合分析;最后介绍了公开数据集,并探讨了场景文字识别技术的发展趋势及可能的研究方向。     

一种处理混合型属性的无监督异常入侵检测方法

针对目前入侵检测技术训练时处理类别型数据能力欠缺、误报率高的问题,提出一种处理混合型属性的无监督异常入侵检测方法,定义了类别型属性各取值之间的差异度,使得在对训练集进行无监督学习、生成检测模型过程中,能够同时有效地处理数值型属性和类别型属性．理论分析表明所定义的类别型属性值差异度既保留了类别型属性各取值之间的本质特征．同时也没有改变数据集的原始维数．实验中采用了网络入侵检测数据集KDD-CUP-99来训练模型．实验结果表明,采用的混合型属性处理方法进行聚类所建立的入侵检测模型,与现有方法相比,检测率高．     

Human Vascular Endothelial Cells Promote the Secretion of Vascularization Factors and Migration of Human Skin Fibroblasts under Co-Culture and Its Preliminary Application

The good treatment of skin defects has always been a challenge in the medical field, and the emergence of tissue engineering skin provides a new idea for the treatment of injured skin. However, due to the single seed cells, the tissue engineering skin has the problem of slow vascularization at the premonitory site after implantation into the human body. Cell co-culture technology can better simulate the survival and communication environment of cells in the human body. The study of multicellular co-culture hopes to bring a solution to the problem of tissue engineering. In this paper, human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and human vascular endothelial cells (HVECs) were co-cultured in Transwell. The Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8), Transwell migration chamber, immunofluorescence, Western blot (WB), and real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to study the effects of HVECs on cell activity, migration factor (high mobility group protein 1, HMGB1) and vascularization factor (vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGFA and fibroblast growth factor 2, FGF2) secretion of HSFs after co-cultured with HVECs in the Transwell. The biological behavior of HSFs co-cultured with HVECs was studied. The experimental results are as follows: (1) The results of cck8 showed that HVECS could promote the activity of HSFs. (2) HVECs could significantly promote the migration of HSFs and promote the secretion of HMGB1. (3) HVECs could promote the secretion of VEGFA and FGF2 of HSFs. (4) The HVECs and HSFs were inoculated on tissue engineering scaffolds at the ratio of 1:4 and were co-cultured and detected for 7 days. The results showed that from the third day, the number of HSFs was significantly higher than that of the control group without HVECs.     

上游泵送机械密封多目标多工况优化研究

为了获得具有较强适应工况变化能力的上游泵送机械密封,以微间隙内流场的CFD计算为基础,建立涉及多工况的多目标优化数学模型,综合分析相关研究成果和密封特性确定了优化变量及其取值范围、工况参数取值范围和优化目标。应用模糊集理论确定不同工况下的液膜刚度和泄漏量的权重因子,并研究人工神经网络模型对优化结果的影响。基于穷尽搜索法和遗传算法对密封进行优化设计,对比分析2种优化方法得到的优化结果,并对优化前后的密封润滑膜流场特性进行BVF诊断分析。优化研究表明:人工神经网络模型很好地拟合了液膜刚度、泄漏量随槽型参数变化的函数关系;2种优化方法都能提高密封性能,但遗传算法优化比穷尽搜索法优化能获得更好的优化结果。     

偏高岭土混凝土的耐久性与水化特性分析

为了得到不同偏高岭土掺量对混凝土物理、力学性能和水化特性的影响,开展了偏高岭土混凝土的基本物理力学实验和混凝土的水化性能实验。结果表明：适当掺加偏高岭土来代替混凝土水泥掺料,可以较好地提升混凝土的力学性能和工作性能。但是随着偏高岭土掺量的不断增大,混凝土内部的水泥含量会减少以及混凝土内部的化学结合水量减少。使得其水化放热量和放热速率均减小以及水化反应生成的氢氧化钙含量减少。通过结合偏高岭土水化后XRD图谱分析可知,在偏高岭土掺量为15%时钙矾石XRD图谱峰值最显著。这和前期得到混凝土力学性能达到较佳的偏高岭土掺量一致。     

塔里木盆地喀什凹陷烃源岩地球化学特征和油源对比

塔里木盆地喀什凹陷油气成藏条件优越,有很好的勘探前景,但除阿克莫木气田外,并无其他突破,一个重要原因是对主力烃源岩层认识不清。通过对喀什凹陷9个野外剖面系统采样和地球化学分析,认为下石炭统和中-下侏罗统为喀什凹陷的主要烃源岩层系,其中下石炭统Ⅱ型海相泥岩和泥灰岩为中等-好烃源岩,分布广泛,厚度大,现今处于高成熟阶段,以生干气为主;中侏罗统杨叶组Ⅱ型湖相泥岩和下侏罗统康苏组Ⅲ型沼泽相泥岩较次,中-下侏罗统烃源岩处于成熟阶段,以生油和轻质油为主。油源对比分析结果表明,黑孜苇油苗、克拉托油砂和阿克1井油源均来自于石炭系,研究认为石炭系为喀什凹陷的主力烃源岩层;中-下侏罗统烃源岩生烃潜力有限且分布范围局限,对油气成藏贡献较小。     

基于热重红外联用的煤二次氧化自燃特性研究

为探究煤二次氧化的自燃特性,采用热重、红外光谱联用的实验方法,对原煤样及预氧化煤样进行对比研究,结果表明：原煤样及预氧化煤样的总反应历程相似;随着煤的预氧化程度的加深,煤样燃点之前的特征温度先降低后增高,燃点之后的特征温度变化则不明显;随着煤的预氧化程度的加深,煤样燃点之前的逸出气体量先增加后减少,燃点之后则基本不变;预氧化煤样的活化能比原煤样有所下降,且随着预氧化程度的加深煤样的活化能先降低后增高,其中预氧化至160 ℃时煤样活化能达到最低。因此,预氧化煤样的氧化性要强于原煤样,更容易发生自燃。     

Cytogenetic and Molecular Marker Analyses of a Novel Wheat–Psathyrostachys huashanica 7Ns Disomic Addition Line with Powdery Mildew Resistance

Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is a devastating disease that reduces wheat yield and quality worldwide. The exploration and utilization of new resistance genes from wild wheat relatives is the most effective strategy against this disease. Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng f. ex P. C. Kuo (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs) is an important tertiary gene donor with multiple valuable traits for wheat genetic improvement, especially disease resistance. In this study, we developed and identified a new wheat—P. huashanica disomic addition line, 18-1-5—derived from a cross between P. huashanica and common wheat lines Chinese Spring and CSph2b. Sequential genomic and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses revealed that 18-1-5 harbored 21 pairs of wheat chromosomes plus a pair of alien Ns chromosomes. Non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization and molecular marker analyses further demonstrated that the alien chromosomes were derived from chromosome 7Ns of P. huashanica. The assessment of powdery mildew response revealed that line 18-1-5 was highly resistant at the adult stage to powdery mildew pathogens prevalent in China. The evaluation of agronomic traits indicated that 18-1-5 had a significantly reduced plant height and an increased kernel length compared with its wheat parents. Using genotyping-by-sequencing technology, we developed 118 PCR-based markers specifically for chromosome 7Ns of P. huashanica and found that 26 of these markers could be used to distinguish the genomes of P. huashanica and other wheat-related species. Line 18-1-5 can therefore serve as a promising bridging parent for wheat disease resistance breeding. These markers should be conducive for the rapid, precise detection of P. huashanica chromosomes and chromosomal segments carrying Pm resistance gene(s) during marker-assisted breeding and for the investigation of genetic differences and phylogenetic relationships among diverse Ns genomes and other closely related ones.