Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of a Metakaolin-Based Inorganic Polymer Mortar Reinforced with Quartz Sand

Silicon - The synthesis, mechanical behaviour, and microstructure of metakaolin-based geopolymer mortar reinforced with quartz sand are presented in this investigation. Fine sand (quartz sand)...     

Electroantennographic and coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic responses of the mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata,to male-produced volatiles and mango odor

We have identified five compounds from the headspace of calling male Mediterranean fruit flies (medfly),Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), and three compounds from the headspace of ripe mango (Mangifera indica L). using coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic (GC-EAG) recordings, coupled gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis, and electroantennographic (EAG) assays of standards. The male-produced volatiles eliciting responses from female antennae were ethyl-(E)-3-octenoate, geranyl acetate, (E,E)--farnesene, linalool, and indole. An EAG dose-response test of linalool enantiomers and indole with female medfly antennae showed relatively strong EAG activities, but no significant difference between (R)-(-)-linalool and (S)-(+)-linalool. The three mango volatiles were identified as (1S)-(-)--pinene, ethyl octanoate, and-caryophyllene. In addition, a strong antennal response was recorded from a contaminant,-copaene, present in a commercial sample of-caryophyllene. The EAG response amplitudes from both male and female antennae to the above three mango volatiles were significantly greater than to a hexanol control. For both male and female medfly antennae, the greatest EAG responses were elicited by-caryophyllene followed by ethyl octanoate. The mean EAG responses of female antennae to-caryophyllene and (1S)-(-)--pinene were significantly greater than those of male antennae.     

Paf-acether in human skin

Paf is a phospholipid mediator present in human skin which induces inflammatory events such as neutrophil infiltration and increased vascular permeability. Recent data suggest that cutaneous cells, such as fibroblasts and keratinocytes, produce paf and that paf is released during allergic cutaneous reactions. It is tempting to speculate that paf may contribute to the development of various skin disorders with acute and chronic skin inflammation. Paf antagonists may help in bringing answers to this hypothesis and may offer new prospects for the treatment of cutaneous inflammatory diseases. Based on a paper presented at the Third International Conference on Platelet-Activating Factor and Structurally Related Alkyl Ether Lipids, Tokyo, Japan, May 1989.     

A New SiF–Dipropargyl Glycerol Scaffold as a Versatile Prosthetic Group to Design Dimeric Radioligands: Synthesis of the [18F]BMPPSiF Tracer to Image Serotonin Receptors

A novel SiX–dipropargyl glycerol scaffold (X: H, F, or ¹⁸F) was developed as a versatile prosthetic group that provides technical advantages for the preparation of dimeric radioligands based on silicon fluoride acceptor pre‐ or post‐labeling with fluorine‐18. Rapid conjugation with the prosthetic group takes place in microwave‐assisted click conjugation under mild conditions. Thus, a bivalent homodimeric SiX–dipropargyl glycerol derivatized radioligand, [¹⁸F]BMPPSiF, with enhanced affinity was developed by using click conjugation. High uptake of the radioligand was demonstrated in 5‐HT_1A receptor‐rich regions in the brain with positron emission tomography. Molecular docking studies (rigid protein–flexible ligand) of BMPPSiF and known antagonists (WAY‐100635, MPPF, and MefWAY) with monomeric, dimeric, and multimeric 5‐HT_1A receptor models were performed, with the highest G score obtained for docked BMPPSiF: ?6.766 as compared with all three antagonists on the monomeric model. Multimeric induced‐fit docking was also performed to visualize the comparable mode of binding under in vivo conditions, and a notably improved G score of ?8.455 was observed for BMPPSiF. These data directly correlate the high binding potential of BMPPSiF with the bivalent binding mode obtained in the biological studies. The present study warrants wide application of the SiX–dipropargyl glycerol prosthetic group in the development of ligands for imaging with enhanced affinity markers for specific targeting based on peptides, nucleosides, and lipids.     

Altered Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related Gene Expression in Liver from Morbidly Obese Women with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Lipid accumulation in the human liver seems to be a crucial mechanism in the pathogenesis and the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to evaluate gene expression of different fatty acid (FA) metabolism-related genes in morbidly obese (MO) women with NAFLD. Liver expression of key genes related to de novo FA synthesis (LXRα, SREBP1c, ACC1, FAS), FA uptake and transport (PPARγ, CD36, FABP4), FA oxidation (PPARα), and inflammation (IL6, TNFα, CRP, PPARδ) were assessed by RT-qPCR in 127 MO women with normal liver histology (NL, n = 13), simple steatosis (SS, n = 47) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, n = 67). Liver FAS mRNA expression was significantly higher in MO NAFLD women with both SS and NASH compared to those with NL (p = 0.003, p = 0.010, respectively). Hepatic IL6 and TNFα mRNA expression was higher in NASH than in SS subjects (p = 0.033, p = 0.050, respectively). Interestingly, LXRα, ACC1 and FAS expression had an inverse relation with the grade of steatosis. These results were confirmed by western blot analysis. In conclusion, our results indicate that lipogenesis seems to be downregulated in advanced stages of SS, suggesting that, in this type of extreme obesity, the deregulation of the lipogenic pathway might be associated with the severity of steatosis.     

土建类专业实验教学体系建设探讨

结合大连民族学院应用型人才培养的定位,分析了目前土建类实验教学中存在的问题,从实验教学体系的内涵出发,探讨了应用型人才培养中土建类实验教学体系的构建目标和实践过程,确立了以实验课群建设为依托的改革方向,为进一步提高实验教学水平奠定基础。     

食管支架术后支架贴壁不良综合征的初步探讨

目的探讨食管支架置入术后贴壁不良综合征（dys－seal syndrome ,DSS）的发生原因及相关处理。方法收集我科２００１年６月至２００８年６月行食管支架手术患者９８例,共置入９９枚金属支架。其中术后吻合口肿瘤复发狭窄１９例,术前有食管癌放疗病史２６例,伴食管－气管瘘３４例。结果术后７例患者出现DSS（发生率７．１％）。其中有放疗病史及梗阻上段食管明显扩张患者DSS发生率明显升高食管金属内支架是食管恶性和部分良性狭窄引起吞咽困难的有效治疗手段 ［１－２］ 。支架置入后常见的并发症包括胸痛、各种原因致支架再阻塞、支架移位、食管穿孔等 ［３－４］ ,也有相对较罕见并发症的报道,如消化道大出血、心肌梗死等 ［５－６］ 。我们在临床工作中发现部份患者食管支架置入术后支架位置良好,扩张满意,但患者诉吞咽疼痛并经常发生进食哽噎、嗳气,有明显的食物腐败味。而复查发现支架内对比剂尚可通过或仅有不畅,关键是可见支架上端与食管壁间不能完全贴壁而出现明显的空隙,有时可见食物残渣存留。可以得知食物残渣长期滞留、腐败引起炎症反应,继而使患者发生上述症状,严重时不得不将支架取出。我们将这一系列现象称之为“支架贴壁不良综合征”（dys－seal syndrome ,DSS）,现将我们治疗的９８例DSS总结报道如下。１材料与方法１．１材料收集我科２００１年６月至２００８年６月施行的食管支架恶性肿瘤患者９８例,其中男７６例,女２２例,年龄４６～８３岁,平均６２岁。９８例中原发病变为食管癌７５例、贲门癌２１例,纵隔淋巴结转移致食管外压性狭窄３例。支架置入术前有局部放疗病史２６例,伴发食管－气管瘘３４例。狭窄梗阻段位于食管上段２０例,中下段５９例,术后吻合口肿瘤复发１９例。共置入支架９９枚。置入支架类型包括南京微创覆膜食管支架（６７例）,Wallstent 裸支架（１２例）,Ultraflex裸支架（１０例）,韩国taewoong镍钛合金覆膜支架（１０例）。根据病变情况选择不同类型支架。一般情况下存在食管－气管瘘者必选用覆膜支架。其他情况下,梗阻上方食管明显扩张者选用喇叭口形支架,否则可选用直筒型支架。２００１－２００３年的病例选用裸支架为主,其后多用覆膜支架。１．２方法本组病例均在DSA机下操作完成。术前予咽部表面麻醉,患者仰卧,头偏向右侧,安放牙垫后在X线透视引导下以超滑导丝通过病灶狭窄阻塞段到达胃腔,沿导丝引入导管,注入对比剂证实后,更换（χ ２ ＝０．０１７,０．００５,P＝０．０３６,０．０１３）。经禁食,静脉输液或鼻饲等营养支持治疗后,１例患者逐渐恢复至进食半流质;１例于原支架上端再次置入较大直径支架,术后症状无缓解,后失访;２例改行鼻饲管置入;余３例内镜下取出支架。结论食管支架置入术后发生DDS为并发症之一,临床处理预后不良。取出已经置入的支架是较好的治疗措施。应在术前进行适当的评估以排除危险因素,选择合适的支架,加强围手术期管理等有助于DSS的预防。     

自适应分割弱边缘的活动轮廓模型

改进LI的保持距离水平集方法,提出自适应分割弱边缘的活动轮廓模型,并证明自适应力的双向性。模型中自适应力的系数加入图像的灰度均值,根据演化曲线的位置自适应的收缩或扩张。结果表明,该方法克服了原LI模型初始轮廓必须完全包围或含在目标物体内的问题,可以任意设置初始轮廓大小及位置,能够分割多目标图像,具有较强的抗噪性。