碱金属氧化物对转炉冶炼超低磷钢脱磷效果影响的工业试验

通过15 kg真空感应炉试验得出CaO基脱磷渣系中分别添加Li₂O、CaF₂、Na₂O、K₂O后均有明显的脱磷效果,其中Li₂O含量5%~10%时脱磷效果最佳。120 t顶底复吹转炉双渣操作的工业试验结果表明,脱磷前期在加31.46 kg/t石灰、3.70 kg/t白云石和0.70 kg/t烧结矿的基础上添加13.88 kg/t锂云母矿（/%:56.41SiO_2,3.80FeO,4.50Na₂O,4.17K₂O,3.18Li₂O）较未加锂云母矿的渣料（34.58 kg/t石灰,5.41 kg/t白云石,3.13 kg/t的烧结矿）转炉终点渣氧化性低,转炉半钢的脱磷率和磷平衡分配比的平均值分别是未加锂云母矿的1.67倍和2.81倍,转炉终点的脱磷率和磷平衡分配比的平均值是未加锂云母矿的1.02倍和1.47倍,与未加锂云母矿相比,转炉吹炼终点[P]可由0.009%~0.011%降低到0.005%~0.006%,能够满足超低磷钢生产要求。     

半导体电火花加工爬坡式电流现象研究

对单晶硅电火花加工过程中的电流爬坡式上升现象进行了研究,结果表明,爬坡式电流主要是由加工过程中接触电阻的变化引起的,而接触电阻主要由高温区的接触面积决定。对爬坡式电流曲线的性质进行了研究,分析了温度、热导率和相变能量对接触电阻和放电电流变化的影响。最后,研究了电参数对加工效率的影响,结果表明采用大脉宽、高电压和小占空比能够大大提高加工效率。     

超高密度抗高温饱和盐水钻井液技术

室内实验通过优选油田现有的处理剂,并配合使用室内研制的高温稳定剂SA,建立了一套抗200℃高温的超高密度(2.50 g/cm~3)饱和盐水钻井液。室内实验表明,该钻井液不仅具有良好的稳定井壁作用,而且抗钙污染能力(抗0.5%CaCl_2)和抗岩屑污染能力(抗20%岩屑)较强,满足了超深井钻井的需求。     

大规模电力系统无功优化问题的线性规划实用化算法

以原对偶内点法为基础,将信赖域思想引入线性规划算法,从而克服动态调整步长的困难。此外,采用三角分解法解修正方程,提高了计算速度。通过对一个实际的538节点系统进行数值计算,验证所提算法的有效性。     

Effects of Minor Zr and Sr on As-Cast Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-1Zn (wt.%) Magnesium Alloy

The effects of minor Zr and Sr on the as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of the Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-1Zn (wt.%) alloy were investigated using optical and electron microscopies, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, and tensile and creep tests. The microstructural results indicate that small additions of Zr and/or Sr to the Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-1Zn alloy do not cause an obvious change in the morphology and distribution of the Mg₁₂YZn phase in the alloy. The tensile and creep tests indicate that, although small additions of Zr and/or Sr to the Mg-4Y-1.2Mn-1Zn alloy do not have obvious effects on the creep properties of the alloy, the tensile properties at room temperature and 300 °C for the alloys added with Zr and/or Sr are improved. Among the Zr- and/or Sr-containing alloys, the alloy specifically added with of 0.5 wt.% Zr + 0.1 wt.% Sr obtains the optimum tensile properties, and is followed by the alloys added with 0.5 wt.% Zr and 0.1 wt.% Sr.     

Characteristics of the hydrogen jet combustion through multiport injector arrays in a scramjet combustor

Large eddy simulation of the hydrogen jet combustion in a cavity-stabilized scramjet combustor with three parallel injectors is performed in this study, the emphasis of which is placed on the turbulent flame regime as well as the overall performance analysis. This combustor operates in a scramjet mode with a global equivalence ratio of 0.124, as the chemical heat released is not enough to form thermal chocking. The code framework utilizes an adaptive central-upwind weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme with a low numerical dissipation to accurately capture turbulent structures in the flowfields, and an assumed probability density function approach to close the terms of the production rate of species. Turbulent fluctuations in the incoming boundary layer are initiated and sustained by a multi-wall recycling/rescaling technique, augmenting the mixing degree of the jet and crossflow. The numerical results show that the large scale vortices between the adjacent jet wakes interfere with each other in the downstream, resulting in a portion of the premixed flame. However, the turbulent diffusion combustion still dominates the whole combustor, occurring in a widespread range of Mach number. And the violent chemical reaction favours a high-temperature environment with a proper scalar dissipation rate. The diameter of multiple jets is smaller in comparison to that of the single injection, so that its penetration height is a little lower under the same spout pressure. Altogether, the parallel injection strategy is beneficial to improve the overall combustor performance, and will not lead to excessive total pressure loss.     

基于放电概率检测的硅晶体电火花线切割加工伺服控制研究

针对往复走丝电火花线切割加工硅晶体时,无法准确判别其极间加工状态、伺服进给速度不能实时响应加工状态变化的问题,提出了一种基于放电概率检测的采样方法,设计并搭建了硅晶体电火花线切割加工伺服控制系统。通过工艺验证证明该伺服控制系统能显著提高硅晶体电火花线切割加工的表面质量、效率及形状精度。     

气液混合功能电极电火花诱导烧蚀高效铣削研究

提出了气液混合功能电极电火花诱导烧蚀铣削加工方法,并进行了针对Cr12的铣削试验,与常规电火花铣削进行对比和分析,发现气液混合烧蚀铣削的加工效率可达96.3 mm3/min,而常规电火花铣削的加工效率仅为6.4 mm3/min.从工件表面微观形貌、能谱及成分分析等方面进行研究,解释了加工效率高的原因.最后研究了不同加工参数下,气液混合功能电极电火花诱导烧蚀铣削加工效率的工艺规律.     

进电方式对高阻半导体硅放电加工影响研究

进行了高阻半导体硅的放电铣削加工实验,通过检测脉冲放电电压和电流波形,对固定、旋转、随动三种进电方式下的加工情况进行了对比。结果表明：固定进电方式下,由于进电点会逐步生成不导电的钝化膜,接触电阻不断增大,回路中的总电阻不断增大,放电峰值电流逐步减小,最终导致无法加工;旋转进电方式下,由于进电电极与加工区域距离增大,导致放电回路中的体电阻不断增大,放电峰值电流也会逐步减小;随动进电方式下,放电回路中进电电极会不断刮除产生的钝化膜且极间距离维持不变,因此接触电阻和体电阻能保持始终稳定,放电加工稳定性较好。
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转子在临界转速点的振动和阻尼比的估计方法

以单盘对称转子模型为分析对象,分析转子在临界转速点时的振动,导出共振过程的数学模型。提出了两种识别转子阻尼比的新方法:a.利用衰减自由振动信号,构造关于其包络的误差函数,通过迭代法使误差函数达到最小来估计阻尼比,该方法相比对数衰减率法可以更加准确地估计转子的阻尼比;b.利用幅频曲线识别转子阻尼比,即根据转子实测的增减速过程振动数据,利用最小二乘法预估阻尼比的初值,再利用寻优法确定转子的阻尼比。通过试验检验,证明这两种估计阻尼比的方法能够较有效地解决阻尼比估计不准的实际问题。