油气勘探开发综合信息系统集成方案的设计与实现

随着科学技术进步与高新技术的广泛应用,信息处理技术已带给各种企业领域显著的效益。石油天然气工业是技术、资金、人才密集的行业,计算机应用已普及到各个生产与科研环节。针对石油天然气工业发展的需求,应用软件的开发正向综合、集成、智能的方向发展。根据油气勘探开发的特点,给出了基于ＹＨＣＳＢｒｏｋｅｒ集成中间件,运行在分布、异构、开放特性的分布式Ｃｌｉｅｎｔ／Ｓｅｒｖｅｒ网络模型环境的油气勘探开发综合信息系统集成方案与实现步骤。     

Stable High‐Index Faceted Pt Skin on Zigzag‐Like PtFe Nanowires Enhances Oxygen Reduction Catalysis

Selectively exposing active surfaces and judiciously tuning the near‐surface composition of electrode materials represent two prominent means of promoting electrocatalytic performance. Here, a new class of Pt₃Fe zigzag‐like nanowires (Pt‐skin Pt₃Fe z‐NWs) with stable high‐index facets (HIFs) and nanosegregated Pt‐skin structure is reported, which are capable of substantially boosting electrocatalysis in fuel cells. These unique structural features endow the Pt‐skin Pt₃Fe z‐NWs with a mass activity of 2.11 A mg^?1 and a specifc activity of 4.34 mA cm^?2 for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at 0.9 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, which are the highest in all reported PtFe‐based ORR catalysts. Density function theory calculations reveal a combination of exposed HIFs and formation of Pt‐skin structure, leading to an optimal oxygen adsorption energy due to the ligand and strain effects, which is responsible for the much enhanced ORR activities. In contrast to previously reported HIFs‐based catalysts, the Pt‐skin Pt₃Fe z‐NWs maintain ultrahigh durability with little activity decay and negligible structure transformation after 50 000 potential cycles. Overcoming a key technical barrier in electrocatalysis, this work successfully extends the nanosegregated Pt‐skin structure to nanocatalysts with HIFs, heralding the exciting prospects of high‐effcient Pt‐based catalysts in fuel cells.     

A Versatile Nonviral Delivery System for Multiplex Gene-Editing in the Liver

Recent advances in CRISPR present attractive genome-editing toolsets for therapeutic strategies at the genetic level. Here, a liposome-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticle (lipoMSN) is reported as an effective CRISPR delivery system for multiplex gene-editing in the liver. The MSN provides efficient loading of Cas9 plasmid as well as Cas9 protein/guide RNA ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP), while liposome-coating offers improved serum stability and enhanced cell uptake. Hypothesizing that loss-of-function mutation in the lipid-metabolism-related genes pcsk9, apoc3, and angptl3 would improve cardiovascular health by lowering blood cholesterol and triglycerides, the lipoMSN is used to deliver a combination of RNPs targeting these genes. When targeting a single gene, the lipoMSN achieved a 54% gene-editing efficiency, besting the state-of-art Lipofectamine CRISPRMax. For multiplexing, lipoMSN maintained significant gene-editing at each gene target despite reduced dosage of target-specific RNP. By delivering combinations of targeting RNPs in the same nanoparticle, synergistic effects on lipid metabolism are observed in vitro and vivo. These effects, such as a 50% decrease in serum cholesterol after 4 weeks of post-treatment with lipoMSN carrying both pcsk9 and angptl3-targeted RNPs, could not be reached with a single gene-editing approach. Taken together, this lipoMSN represents a versatile platform for the development of efficient, combinatorial gene-editing therapeutics.     

Synthesis of porous nanododecahedron Co3O4/C and its application for nonenzymatic electrochemical detection of nitrite

Porous nanododecahedron of Co₃O₄/C has been synthesized by calcination of the ZIF-67 in air at 400 °C and then be used as electrode material for fabricating a highly sensitive and low overpotential sensor of nitrite ion (NO₂^?). The structure and morphology characterization show that ZIF-67 behaves as an ideal sacrificial template for preparing Co₃O₄/C with regular shape. The two components of Co₃O₄ and carbon are uniformly distributed in the composite. Electrochemical analysis shows that the excellent electrocatalysis performance toward the oxidation of NO₂^? is based on the synergy of Co₃O₄ and carbon in the nanocomposite. At NO₂^? concentration from 2 nM to 8 mM, a fast response time within 3 s is revealed and 1.21 nM of detection limit is achieved. The sensor is also reliable to analysis of NO₂^? existed in the real samples of soil leaching liquid and macrophage supernate.     

一种瓦片式T/R的关键工艺分析

该文介绍了一种Ku波段瓦片式发射/接收（T/R）组件的工艺设计技术。组件整体采用了低温共烧陶瓷（LTCC）高频基板、低频电源印制电路板（PCB）和控制PCB板,利用立体组装的方式实现产品的小型化。产品采用金锡焊接SMP接头实现气密性焊接,同时采用4种焊接材料实现了产品的温度梯度焊接,并对关键工艺进行了工艺鉴定分析,保证了产品的长期可靠性。     

Graphene oxide functionalized by poly(ionic liquid)s for carbon dioxide capture

Poly(ionic liquid)s have been demonstrated as high efficient CO₂ absorbents. In the current study, a kind of poly(ionic liquid)s, Poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy)‐ethyl] trimethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (P[MATMA][BF₄]) was used to functionalize graphene oxide (GO). The hybrid in which P[MATMA][BF₄] was covalently bonded on GO platelets was prepared by a simple method, that is, traditional radical polymerization. The characterizations based on transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated the graft of P[MATMA][BF₄] on GO. N₂ adsorption measurements indicated that P[MATMA][BF₄] also greatly increased the specific surface area of GO. Due to the higher specific surface area and the CO₂ affinity of P[MATMA][BF₄], the GO‐P[MATMA][BF₄] hybrid exhibited a much higher CO₂ adsorption capacity compared with GO, GO‐NH₂, and P[MATMA][BF₄]. Their study showed that the combinations of poly(ionic liquid)s and GO could be promising CO₂ absorbents. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44592.     

因地制宜 科学规划——以宁波市中心镇建设为例

中心镇是广大乡村的中心地,城乡之间的交结点,城镇化的助推剂。宁波作为长江三角洲南翼中心城市,完全有条件通过发挥中心镇的辐射和带动作用解决"三农"问题,全面推进社会主义新农村建设。本文在分析了宁波市中心镇规划建设的现状、取得的成绩和存在的问题基础上,从规划的视角对搞好中心镇规划建设提出了许多有建设性的建议与措施。     

考虑间隙时万向联接轴的受力研究

在冶金机械传动中,普遍采用滑块式的万向接轴。它具有构造简单、拆装容易、传动力矩大、允许倾角８°～１０°等优点。但是由于润滑条件不良、月牙形滑块磨损较快、配合间隙增大,引起冲击,因而又恶化了机械的工作条件。本文主要探讨存在间隙时万向接轴的压力分布及其计算方法