掺锗紫外光敏光纤制备及特性研究

本文研究了紫外光敏光纤的制备工艺及光纤性能。通过氢敏化及锗硼共掺杂技术提高了光纤光敏性。采用紫外写入法光栅反射率达９８．２％。     

Development of meat analogs: Focus on the current status and challenges of regulatory legislation

Population growth and the rising enthusiasm for meat consumption in developing countries have increased the global demand for animal protein. The limited increase in traditional meat production, which results in high resource consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and zoonotic diseases, has affected the sustainable supply of meat protein. The technological development and commercialization of meat analogs derived from plant and microbial proteins provide a strategy for solving the abovementioned problems. However, before these innovative foods are marketed, they should comply with regulations and standards to ensure food safety and consumer rights. This review briefly summarizes the global development status and challenges of plant- and fungi-based meat analog products. It focuses on the current status, characteristics, and disputes in the regulations and standards worldwide for plant- and fungi-based meat analogs and proposes suggestions for perfecting the regulatory system from the perspective of ensuring safety and supporting innovation. Although plant- and fungi-based meat analogs have had a history of safe usage as foods for a certain period around the world, the nomenclature and product standards are uncertain, which affects product innovation and global sales. Regulatory authorities should promptly formulate and revise regulations or standards to clarify the naming of meat analogs and product standards, especially the use of animal-derived ingredients and limits of nutrients (e.g., protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals) to continuously introduce start-up products to the market.     

Overcoming Obstacles in Zn-Ion Batteries Development: Application of Conductive Redox-Active Polypyrrole/Tiron Anolyte Interphase

This study is focused on overcoming obstacles in the implementation of metallic Zn for zinc-ion batteries. The major limiting factors of Zn anodes include dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution, and by-product formation. Herein, the challenges are addressed by the application of a redox-active electrode-electrolyte interphase. Cationic polypyrrole(PPy)/anionic Tiron anolyte is formulated as the mixed conducting interphase to push the limits of zinc-based energy storage. The doping/de-doping behavior of PPy stimulates the surface adsorption/desorption of Tiron attributed to the ion-induced nucleation. Testing results show that PPy as a passivating corrosive-resistant layer improves the interfacial stability of Zn metal; while releasing the redox-active anolyte boosts the charge transfer of cells by the phenol-quinone transformations. The Zn//Zn cells demonstrate an improved life from 50 to 2500 cycles with a reduced overpotential at 2 mA cm⁻² and 1 mAh cm⁻². In situ UV–vis spectroscopic measurements, combined with density functional theory calculations, address the redox mechanisms of PPy/Tiron anolyte. The testing of α-MnO₂//Zn cells shows that the PPy/Tiron anolyte exhibits enhanced capacity and rate performance due to the pseudocapacitive effects. This study unveils a conceptually new approach based on the modification of conducting polymer with redox-active dopants toward the fabrication of high-performance Zn-anolyte batteries.