Preparation of gold/polyaniline/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites and application in ammonia gas detection

Composites of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), polyaniline (PANI), and gold nanoparticles were prepared by one pot synthesis. Based on the interaction between aniline monomers and MWNTs, aniline molecules were adsorbed and polymerized on the surface of MWNTs. The nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The sensors based on Au/PANI/MWNT nanocomposites were tested for on-line monitoring of ammonia gas. The results show that the as-prepared sensors have superior sensitivity, and good repeatability upon repeated exposure to ammonia gas.     

水解木质素在超临界乙醇溶液中的催化液化（I）温度、总碱量和硫化比对反应的影响

研究了水解木质素在高压釜中的间歇催化液化。通过分析产物的分布、碳氢含量和碳基的转化率及收率，证明氢氧化钠是水解木质素在超临界乙醇溶液中液化的高效催化剂，当氢氧化钠催化剂含量为0．06gmL时，原料碳基转化率可高达93．53％，总油分碳基收率则高达94．96％。同时，实验表明氢氧化钠催化剂的催化效果要优于氢氧化钠，硫化钠复合催化剂的催化液化效果，硫化钠的加入无助于水解木质素在超临界乙醇溶液中的液化。结果的分析显示水解木质素在超临界乙醇溶液中的液化过程非常复杂，包括水解木质素单元的降解反应脱氧反应和木质素单元的支链脱落等过程。     

耐热本体ABS合金的相容性及共混改性

使用转矩流变仪和差示扫描量热仪研究了本体丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)/苯乙烯-N-苯基马来酰亚胺共聚物(SMI)合金的相容性及熔融共混过程中的流变特性。SMI作为耐热改性剂,在合金中的质量分数最高为60%。结果表明:ABS和SMI有很好的相容性,合金只有一个玻璃化转变温度。由于SMI塑化温度较高,共混过程中体系黏度远高于完全混匀的熔体黏度。提高共混温度有利于加速共混组分的分散,缩短体系处于高黏度状态的时间。     

珠三坳陷琼海凸起油气运聚研究

琼海凸起发现多个油田和含油构造，但本身不具备生烃能力，因此研究油气来源问题对下一步勘探部署十分重要。成藏流体在油区范围内呈非均质性分布，这种特征实际上是油气运聚、成藏复杂性的真实记录。从该角度出发，详细解剖文昌１３－２油田原油成熟度、含氮化合物及原油物性等非均质性分布特点，并以此为基础，细划出各油田的充注方向和充注期次，同时结合区域地质资料，探讨了珠三坳陷琼海凸起油气运聚特征。研究认为，该区目前发现的油气主要来源于文昌Ｂ凹陷文昌组滨浅湖相烃源岩，且存在珠江期和粤海─第四纪两次大的运移期。琼海凸起与文昌Ｂ凹陷过渡部位的北部斜坡带是油气运移的必经之道，具备油气富集、非构造圈闭发育的条件，是今后勘探部署的有利场所。     

一种大力矩大位移微纳压电致动器的瞬态响应

基于三角放大原理,利用压电叠堆设计并制造了一种具有高精度大力矩、大位移的致动器,并对其动静态特性进行测试分析。文中还采用Ansys、Matlab软件以及动态投影栅线法,从理论和实测两个方面对该致动器在加载电压和撤除电压时的瞬态响应特性进行了分析和测试,理论分析和实测结果吻合度较高。该压电致动器在通入激励电压时,响应速度快,电压-位移的线性度好;在撤除激励电压时,响应特性过程平稳。为该致动器广泛运用于微纳控制系统中,成为微纳系统中可靠、快速的大位移大力矩驱动部件的应用前景提供了依据。     

Preparation,characterization, and adsorption performance of p‐hydroxybenzoic acid imprinted polymer and selective catalysis of toluene to para‐chlorotoluene

A p‐hydroxybenzoic acid surface molecularly imprinted polymer (p‐HB– S MIP) with si lica microspheres as a supporting matrix was prepared by the adoption of the surface molecular imprinting technique with acrylamide ( AM) as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker, and azoisobutyronitrile as an initiator. The p‐HB–SMIP was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. Interactions between the functional monomer and template were observed with UV–visible spectroscopy of the solutions of these components as well. The results indicate that a 1:2 molecular complex was formed between p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (p‐HB) and AM. A kinetic binding study showed that p‐HB–SMIP reached saturation adsorption after about 1 h, and the pseudo‐second‐order model fitted the adsorption kinetics data. Static adsorption experiments revealed that the Freundlich equation fitted the adsorption isotherm data. The thermodynamics parameters (with positive values of enthalpy and entropy and negative values of Gibbs free energy) indicated that the binding system for p‐HB–SMIP was endothermic and entropy was gained and was spontaneous. Selective experiments showed that p‐HB–SMIP had a high affinity and excellent recognition selectivity for the template p‐HB. p‐HB–SMIP was further investigated by the catalysis of toluene to para‐chlorotoluene. The catalytic reaction results showed that the conversion of toluene was 85.5% and the molar ratio of para‐chlorotoluene to o‐chorotoluene was 1.38; this was higher than that of traditional catalysts. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40118.     

基于MCM的环型行波超声波电机驱动集成单元的热分析

应用多芯片组件(MCM)技术,对超声波电机驱动单元的集成技术进行了初步探索;建立了MCM的三维有限元的热分析模型,并在空气自然对流情况下,对温度分布和散热状况进行了模拟计算;定量分析了空气强迫对流MCM模型温度分布和散热状况的影响。模拟分析结果为基于MCM的超声波电机驱动单元的设计提供了重要的理论依据,对于提高同类产品本身的整体性能和国际竞争力具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。     

Alkylation of anthracene to 2-isopropylanthracene catalyzed by Lewis acid ionic liquids

Alkylation of anthracene with 2-chloropropane to 2-isopropylanthracene catalyzed by various Lewis acidic ionic liquids (ILs), such as [Emim]Cl-AlCl₃, [Emim]Cl-FeCl₃, [Emim]Cl-ZnCl₂, [Bmim]Cl-AlCl₃, and [Omim]Cl-AlCl₃ ([Emim]⁺=1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, [Bmim]⁺=1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, [Omim]⁺=1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium cation,), was investigated. [Emim]C1-A1C1₃ ionic liquid was found to be the most active catalyst in the alkylation. The yield of 2-isopropylanthracene was up to 74.5% and the selectivity of 2-isopropylanthracene was up to 82.9%. The [Emim]C1-A1C1₃ ionic liquid catalyst showed good catalytic activity after running for 6 times. Ease of product separation and the recycling performance of the ionic liquid catalyst is expected to contribute to the development of clean and environmentally friendly strategy for the synthesis of 2-isopropylanthracene.     

大型汽轮发电机端部三维温度场研究

本文建立了汽轮发电机端部温度场数学模型，应用传热学理论就有关散热系数、等效热传导系数以及发电机压圈水管温度分布等问题作了研究。本文以ＱＦＳ－３００－２型发电机为例，计算了二台机组十多个工况的端部温度场分布，每一结果都与实测结果十分吻合。本文通过温度场的计算，首次给出含端部温升限制条件的发电机安全运行Ｐ－Ｑ容量图。本文最后还研究了不同冷却方案时的端部温度场分布，为进一步改进汽轮发电机端部结构设计提供     

近海四分量地震构造勘探效果分析

近海四分量地震是一项新的地震勘探、开发技术。由于纵波和横波的质点振动方式、传播机理是不一样的,对地层的含流体性的敏感性也是不一样的。地层流体对纵波的传播速度的影响、能量的吸收和屏蔽均比横波严重。由于浅层气和热流体的共同影响,导致纵波剖面上出现大量的、严重的地震反射模糊区（气云）,使得构造落实十分困难,气藏面积和储量难以准确确定。在转换横波剖面上,基本不存在气云,对构造高点和构造形态的落实很有帮助。近海四分量地震的构造勘探效果是很好的。