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61.
Mitsuru Sekioka 《Remote sensing of environment》1985,18(2):193-203
Detailed infrared images are useful for investigating thermal features of geothermal fields. A remote sensing system which is installed on low-altitude-flying helicopters is developed to get the infrared images with high resolution. But those images can cover only a limited domain. As the system can fit visible images on infrared ones simultaneously obtained, within a common field of view, this makes it possible to determine the positions of target areas by finding out geographical and topographical features over the visible images in spite of its limited areas. Observations by means of the helicopter-borne system are described for the two geothermal fields in Japan. Finally, heat discharge from those fields are estimated by analyzing the observed thermal images. 相似文献
62.
Interaction between multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and deposited gold nano-particles has been dynamically observed in a 200 kV transmission electron microscope (TEM) using a specimen heating holder. Gold particles with diameters of several tens of microns were mixed with MWNTs to mount on the heating element of a specimen heating holder. The gold particles were instantaneously heated to 1373 K to deposit gold nano-particles on the MWNTs from a very short distance. The MWNTs were then heated to 1073 K to observe interaction between the deposited gold nano-particles and MWNTs. Some gold nano-particles drilled through the wall of the MWNT and entered the capillary space of the MWNTs. To characterize the mechanism of the transition of the gold nano-particles into the capillary space of the MWNT, high resolution TEM observation of the deformed wall of MWNT was also carried out. 相似文献
63.
High-performance genetic analysis on microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis plastic chips fabricated by injection molding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dang F Tabata O Kurokawa M Ewis AA Zhang L Yamaoka Y Shinohara S Shinohara Y Ishikawa M Baba Y 《Analytical chemistry》2005,77(7):2140-2146
We have developed a novel technique for mass production of microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis (mu-CAE) plastic chips for high-speed, high-throughput genetic analysis. The mu-CAE chips, containing 10 individual separation channels of 50-microm width, 50-microm depth, and a 100-microm lane-to-lane spacing at the detection region and a sacrificial channel network, were fabricated on a poly(methyl methacrylate) substrate by injection molding and then bonded manually using a pressure-sensitive sealing tape within several seconds at room temperature. The conditions for injection molding and bonding were carefully characterized to yield mu-CAE chips with well-defined channel and injection structures. A CCD camera equipped with an image intensifier was used to monitor simultaneously the separation in a 10-channel array with laser-induced fluorescence detection. High-performance electrophoretic separations of phiX174 HaeIII DNA restriction fragments and PCR products related to the human beta-globin gene and SP-B gene (the surfactant protein B) have been demonstrated on mu-CAE plastic chips using a methylcellulose sieving matrix in individual channels. The current work demonstrated greatly simplified the fabrication process as well as a detection scheme for mu-CAE chips and will bring the low-cost mass production and application of mu-CAE plastic chips for genetic analysis. 相似文献
64.
Bakalova R Zhelev Z Jose R Nagase T Ohba H Ishikawa M Baba Y 《Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology》2005,5(6):887-894
The present study describes an enhancement of the photoluminescence of CdSe quantum dots under long-term ultraviolet irradiation in organic solvents. The photoenhancement effect followed multiexponential kinetics and was found to depend on several factors: intensity of ultraviolet light, polarity of the solvent, presence of capping agents on the nanocrystal surface, and presence of free Cd and Se ions in the solution. High intensity ultraviolet irradiation provoked a rapid enhancement of the photoluminescence of CdSe nanocrystals, reaching the maximum with subsequent photoluminescence decay. Low-intensity ultraviolet irradiation provoked a comparatively slow enhancement of the photoluminescence of CdSe nanocrystals, reaching saturation after 5-6 hours of irradiation in organic solvents (butanol and chloroform). The photoenhancement effect was reversible or irreversible depending on the additional ingredients. The role of free Cd and Se in these processes was clarified. The results are discussed in the context of ultraviolet induced liberation of free Cd and Se ions from the nanocrystal surface and their hypothetical reversible deposition with trapping of the surface holes and influencing the efficiency of radiative versus nonradiative exciton decay during the enhancement of photoluminescence. 相似文献
65.
The vaporization of Li2SiO3(c/1) has been studied by the mass spectrometric Knudsen effusion method. The vaporization process has been found to be incongruent. Partial pressures of Li(g), LiO(g), Li2O(g), SiO(g) and Li2SiO3(g) over Li2SiO3(c/1) have been determined in the temperature range 1166–1762 K. Partial pressures of O2(g) have also been calculated from the reaction Li2SiO3(1) = 2 Li(g) + SiO(g) + O2(g). The enthalpies of formation and the atomization energies for LiO(g) and Li2O(g) have been evaluated from the partial pressures to be ΔHof0(LiO,g) = (84.5 ± 12.8)kJ/mol, ΔHof0(Li2O, g) = (?148.1 ± 15.8)kJ/mol, D0o(LiO) = (321.4 ± 12.8)kJ/mol and D0o(Li2O) = (713.2 ± 15.8)kJ/mol, respectively. The value of D0o(Li2O) is somewhat greater than twice that of D0o(LiO). 相似文献
66.
From the viewpoint of efficient utilization of human knowledge in complex decision-making problems, the inference procedure under uncertainty is becoming more important for the problem-reduction method and expert systems. Unlike intuitive procedures employed so far in some expert systems, rational inference procedures are described in this paper on the basis of established Bayesian theory and Dempster and Shafer's theory of evidence. These results are extended to include fuzzy knowledge. As an alternative to the two probabilistic approaches which require idealized assumptions, fuzzy reasoning is introduced. 相似文献
67.
68.
The effect of hydrostatic pressure on molecular deformation of polypropylene extended under hydrostatic pressure is investigated by using internal friction measurements, wide angle X-ray diffraction, and polarizing microscopy. A homogeneously transparent straight part is obtained by extending samples in the pressure range from 78 to 128 MPa. The overall mechanical properties of a sample extended under P = 102 MPa is significantly different from that of a sample extended under P = 128 MPa. The difference is related to the magnitude of hydrostatic pressure, the extension ratio, and the extent of transparency. The observed results on the β relaxation in the extended samples is found to be related to the morphological reorganization from a coarse spherulitic to a fine spherulitic structure. The cold-drawn sample at atmospheric pressure has the γ-peak at around °50°C, while the hydrostatically extruded samples and the extended samples have no γ-peak. Consequently, the hydrostatic pressure suppresses the formation of the molecular structure relevant to the γ relaxation. 相似文献
69.
Michiyo Motoyama Miho Kobayashi Keisuke Sasaki Masaru Nomura Mitsuru Mitsumoto 《Meat science》2010,84(1):202-207
Meat ‘reddening’ by bacteria was observed in chilled beef. To identify the reddening bacteria, isolates were inoculated onto beef and the changes in CIE L*a*b* values monitored. As a result, two Pseudomonas spp., including Pseudomonas fragi which is commonly observed in raw meat, were selected and identified as reddening bacteria. The reddening was coincidentally occurred with the appearance of slime, and the increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) was simultaneously suppressed. In myoglobin-containing nutrient broth, it is shown spectroscopically that P. fragi converted metmyoglobin into deoxymyoglobin. It was concluded that the meat reddening was due to the formation of deoxymyoglobin, induced by the very-low-oxygen tension brought about by Pseudomonad’s oxygen consumption: This oxygen depletion simultaneously suppressed TBARS increase. 相似文献
70.
Seki Y Kandori A Ogata K Miyashita T Kumagai Y Ohnuma M Konaka K Naritomi H 《The Review of scientific instruments》2010,81(9):096103
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) noninvasively measures neuronal activity with high temporal resolution. The aim of this study was to develop a new type of MEG system that can measure bilateral MEG waveforms without a magnetically shielded room, which is an obstacle to reducing both the cost and size of an MEG system. An unshielded bilateral MEG system was developed using four two-dimensional (2D) gradiometers and two symmetric cryostats. The 2D gradiometer, which is based on a low-T(c) superconducting quantum interference device and wire-wound pickup coil detects a magnetic-field gradient in two orthogonal directions, or ?/?x(?(2)B(z)/?z(2)), and reduces environmental magnetic-field noise by more than 50 dB. The cryostats can be symmetrically positioned in three directions: vertical, horizontal, and rotational. This makes it possible to detect bilateral neuronal activity in the cerebral cortex simultaneously. Bilateral auditory-evoked fields (AEF) of 18 elderly subjects were measured in an unshielded hospital environment using the MEG system. As a result, both the ipsilateral and the contralateral AEF component N100m, which is the magnetic counterpart of electric N100 in electroencephalography and appears about 100 ms after the onset of an auditory stimulus, were successfully detected for all the subjects. Moreover, the ipsilateral P50m and the contralateral P50m were also detected for 12 (67%) and 16 (89%) subjects, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that the unshielded bilateral MEG system can detect MEG waveforms, which are associated with brain dysfunction such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and Down syndrome. 相似文献