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31.
With the high availability of digital video contents on the internet, users need more assistance to access digital videos. Various researches have been done about video summarization and semantic video analysis to help to satisfy these needs. These works are developing condensed versions of a full length video stream through the identification of the most important and pertinent content within the stream. Most of the existing works in these areas are mainly focused on event mining. Event mining from video streams improves the accessibility and reusability of large media collections, and it has been an active area of research with notable recent progress. Event mining includes a wide range of multimedia domains such as surveillance, meetings, broadcast, news, sports, documentary, and films, as well as personal and online media collections. Due to the variety and plenty of Event mining techniques, in this paper we suggest an analytical framework to classify event mining techniques and to evaluate them based on important functional measures. This framework could lead to empirical and technical comparison of event mining methods and development of more efficient structures at future. 相似文献
32.
Ronny Purwadi Tomas Brandberg Mohammad J. Taherzadeh 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(9):920-932
The cultivation of toxic lignocellulosic hydrolyzates has become a challenging research topic in recent decades. Although several cultivation methods have been proposed, numerous questions have arisen regarding their industrial applications. The current work deals with a solution to this problem which has a good potential application on an industrial scale. A toxic dilute-acid hydrolyzate was continuously cultivated using a high-cell-density flocculating yeast in a single and serial bioreactor which was equipped with a settler to recycle the cells back to the bioreactors. No prior detoxification was necessary to cultivate the hydrolyzates, as the flocks were able to detoxify it in situ. The experiments were successfully carried out at dilution rates up to 0.52 h−1. The cell concentration inside the bioreactors was between 23 and 35 g-DW/L, while the concentration in the effluent of the settlers was 0.32 ± 0.05 g-DW/L. An ethanol yield of 0.42–0.46 g/g-consumed sugar was achieved, and the residual sugar concentration was less than 6% of the initial fermentable sugar (glucose, galactose and mannose) of 35.2 g/L. 相似文献
33.
In clustering algorithm, one of the main challenges is to solve the global allocation of the clusters instead of just local tuning of the partition borders. Despite this, all external cluster validity indexes calculate only point-level differences of two partitions without any direct information about how similar their cluster-level structures are. In this paper, we introduce a cluster level index called centroid index. The measure is intuitive, simple to implement, fast to compute and applicable in case of model mismatch as well. To a certain extent, we expect it to generalize other clustering models beyond the centroid-based k-means as well. 相似文献
34.
Ba Nghiep Nguyen Brian J Koeppel Said Ahzi Mohammad A Khaleel Prabhakar Singh 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2006,89(4):1358-1368
This paper addresses the damage and fracture issues of glass and ceramic materials used in solid oxide fuel cells. Analyses of an internal crack and of an interface crack between dissimilar materials were conducted using a modified boundary layer modeling approach. In this approach, fracture is allowed to occur in a small process window situated at an initial crack tip. Elastic displacement crack-tip fields are prescribed as remote boundary conditions. Crack propagation was first modeled discretely. Next, a continuum damage mechanics (CDM) model for brittle materials was developed to capture damage and crack growth in the process window. In particular, the damage model was applied to a glass-ceramic material that had been developed in-house for sealing purposes. Discrete and continuum damage solutions were then compared. Finally, the CDM model was used to determine the crack propagation direction as a function of a mode mixity measure. 相似文献
35.
Homogeneous copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and vinyl acetate (VA) which form clear aqueous solutions were prepared by free radical polymerization in a solution of isopropanol alcohol, using 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. They were characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR, and element analysis studies. The reactivity ratios of the monomer were computed by the Extended Kelen–Tüdós method at high conversions, using data from both 1H-NMR and elemental analysis studies. The reactivity ratios of VP and VA in a homogenous copolymer were observed to be very different from that of a heterogeneous copolymer. Additional information was obtained by finding out the sequence length distribution for copolymers. 相似文献
36.
Jeremy Gustin Brian Freeman James Stone Mohammad Mahinfalah Amin Salehi‐Khojin 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2005,96(6):2309-2315
Nanocomposites are more widely studied today because of higher stiffness, decreased permeability, thermal stability, and many other properties superior to those of regular polymers. However, manufacturers are concerned about implementing nanocomposites because of their lower impact properties with respect to the base polymer. This study focused on low‐velocity impact tests of a thermoplastic olefin by itself and with 5 wt % nanoclay. The impact tests were conducted at ?40, 23.9, and 65.6°C until the polymer and nanocomposite plates experienced complete striker penetration. The force–time and force–deflection responses obtained from the impact testing provided a means of comparing the impact performances of the two materials. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 2309–2315, 2005 相似文献
37.
More than 90% of the population of the Gaza Strip depends on desalinated water for drinking purposes. About 90% of the groundwater is unacceptable for drinking as a result of contamination by nitrate and chloride. One of the major options for resolving the water problems is the utilization of desalination technology for both sea and brackish water. The objective of this article is to address desalination water management in its embryonic stage in the Gaza Strip. The sources of drinking water supply, distribution system and the environmental impact of brine water will be fingered in detail. Desalination facilities range from large seawater plants to small brackish desalination units on a home scale. Governmental, non-governmental and private desalination plants are common. The distribution system of desalinated water is a responsibility of governmental, non-governmental, private small community bodies and even individuals. Disposal of brine water is made either directly or indirectly into the sea, sewage system, poor land, channels, wadies, etc. Brine constituents have an adverse impacton the surrounding environment, e.g., sea life, soil, wastewater treatment plants and the groundwateraquifer. The lack of real environmental impact assessments, especially for mid- and home-scale units may lead to a deterioration of the environment. The fragmentation of the responsibilities of water desalination, distribution of desalinated water and the disposal of brine water suggest that urgent action should be taken (e.g., legislation or establishment of a supervisory body). In other words, strict policies and management actions are to be taken in order to alleviate the health and environmental impact of an important and uncontrolled new system. 相似文献
38.
Tavakoli Rouhollah Mohseni Seyyed Mohammad 《Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization》2014,49(4):621-642
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization - A new algorithm for the solution of multimaterial topology optimization problems is introduced in the present study. The presented method is based on... 相似文献
39.
Morteza Sadeghi Arman Sadeghi Mohammad Hassan Saidi 《Microfluidics and nanofluidics》2014,16(1-2):207-224
Consideration is given to the buoyancy effects on the fully developed gaseous slip flow in a vertical rectangular microduct. Two different cases of the thermal boundary conditions are considered, namely uniform temperature at two facing duct walls with different temperatures and adiabatic other walls (case A) and uniform heat flux at two walls and uniform temperature at other walls (case B). The rarefaction effects are treated using the first-order slip boundary conditions. By means of finite Fourier transform method, analytical solutions are obtained for the velocity and temperature distributions as well as the Poiseuille number. Furthermore, the threshold value of the mixed convection parameter to start the flow reversal is evaluated. The results show that the Poiseuille number of case A is an increasing function of the mixed convection parameter and a decreasing function of the channel aspect ratio, whereas its functionality on the Knudsen number is not monotonic. For case B, the Poiseuille number is decreased by increasing each of the mixed convection parameter, the Knudsen number, and the channel aspect ratio. 相似文献
40.
High‐pressure vapour‐liquid equilibria for binary and ternary high polar and asymmetric systems are calculated using the Peng‐Robinson‐Stryjek‐Vera equation of state coupled with the Twu‐Coon (TWMR), the Orbey‐Sandler (OSMR) and the Wong‐Sandler (WSMR) mixing rules. Modified UNIFAC model is used for determining the activity coefficient and excess Gibbs free energy. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data and good agreement is observed. The average absolute deviation percents (AAD%)s indicated that the WSMR has less AAD% than other mixing rules in most of cases. 相似文献