Lien entre la qualité des relations familiales et sociales à l'adolescence et à l'age adulte.

Fifty-seven families with adolescent children participated in a study of a) the quality of family and friendship relationships in adolescence, and b) the quality of family, friendship, and romantic relationships of adolescents 7 years later. Observation measures and self-report questionnaires were used to examine the variables. Regression analyses showed that mothers' marital satisfaction, conjugal conflict, and quality of mother-daughter relationship in adolescence predicted daughters' satisfaction with romantic relationships in adulthood. However, only the parental variables during adolescence predicted the quality of friendship relationships in adulthood. This study highlighted the contribution that quality of family relationships in adolescence makes to the quality of interpersonal relationships in adulthood. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Morphology and electrochemistry of spinel Li–Mn–O optimized by composite technology

This paper presents a composite technology, which combines doping and modifying to optimize the performance of spinel Li–Mn–O. Co ion-doped Li–Mn–O was synthesized by a wet chemical process. The homogeneously distributed C layer was chemically grown on the surface of LiCo_0.1Mn_1.9O₄ by the hydrothermal method. The products were analyzed and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Their electrochemical performances were tested with the Arbin instruments. The results showed that a different concentration of C influenced both the morphologies and the cycling performances of the cathode materials greatly.     

The performance of rolling production schedules in a process industry

In this paper we study lot-sizing and changeover decisions in production schedules that are implemented on a rolling-horizon basis. The study is carried out by comparing production schedules for the packaging operations of a pharmaceutical company that produces various products on several capacitated production lines. The schedules are obtained by solving a mixed-integer programming formulation by using a heuristic procedure. We examine the effects of the number of periods in the planning horizon, the starting inventory and the demand fluctuation on the schedules. We show empirically that the saving in annual production cost diminishes rapidly as more demand periods are added to the planning horizon. Computational results are reported.     

Effect of the Melt Temperature on the Solidification Process of Liquid Garnets Ln3Al5O12 (Ln = Dy, Y, and Lu)

The solidification process of liquid garnets Ln₃Al₅O₁₂ (Ln = Dy, Y, Lu) was probed by differential thermal analysis. A critical temperature T _clg was evidenced in the liquid. Cooling from temperatures under T _clg leads to the crystallization of the single garnet phase. Cooling from temperatures above T _clg leads to the solidification of a mixture of perovskite LnAlO₃ and aluminum oxide α-Al₂O₃. For Ln = Y, the results are in agreement with stable and metastable phase diagrams previously proposed. The YAIO₃ melt was shown to display a critical temperature T _clp also. Its metastable solidification from temperatures above T _clp leads to the formation of the perovskite at around 1550°C.     

Determination of tocopherols and phytosterols in sunflower seeds by NIR spectrometry

The objective of this work was to develop a near‐infrared reflectance spectrometry (NIRS) calibration estimating the tocopherol and phytosterol contents in sunflower seeds. Approximately 1000 samples of grinded sunflower kernels were scanned by NIRS at 2‐nm intervals from 400 to 2500 nm. For each sample, standard measurements of tocopherol and phytosterol contents were performed. The total tocopherol content was obtained by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with a fluorescence detector, while the total phytosterol content was assessed by gas chromatography. For tocopherol, the calibration data set ranged from 175 to 1005 mg/kg oil (mean value around 510 ± 140 mg/kg oil), whereas for the phytosterol content, the calibration data set ranged from 180 to 470 mg/100 g oil (mean value of 320 ± 50 mg/100 g oil). The NIRS calibration showed a relatively good correlation (R² = 0.64) between predicted by NIRS and real values for the total tocopherol content but a poor correlation for the total phytosterol content (R² = 0.27). These results indicate that NIRS could be useful to classify samples with high and low tocopherol content. In contrast, the estimation of phytosterol contents by NIRS needs further investigation. Moreover, in this study, calibration was obtained by a modified partial least‐squares method; the use of other mathematical treatments can be suitable, particularly for total phytosterol content estimation.     

Inhibition by Lactobacillus sakei of other species in the flora of vacuum packaged raw meats during prolonged storage

The abilities of five Lactobacillus sakei strains and one Lactococcus lactis strain to retain inhibitory activity against several target organisms in the flora of product during 12 weeks storage of vacuum-packaged lamb and beef was investigated. L. sakei strains were generally found capable of developing dominant populations on both beef and lamb. L. lactis 75 grew poorly on lamb did not inhibit co-inoculated Brochothrix thermosphacta. Lamb inoculated with the Sakacin-A producer L. sakei Lb706 had lower Listeria monocytogenes populations than lamb inoculated with a bacteriocin-negative variant. In beef packs inoculated with Clostridium estertheticum spores and L. sakei strain 27, 44 or 63, the development of blown-pack spoilage was delayed by up to one week. Campylobacter jejuni inoculated onto beef was recovered from fewer packs when it was co-inoculated with 3000 CFU cm⁻² of L. sakei strain 27, 44 or 63. Observed inhibition did not always correlate with inhibition observed in earlier media-based studies, supporting the view that functionality identified using simple media-based screening methods may not be replicated in the complex environment of stored foods, and vice-versa. These findings further define a set of L. sakei strains with potential for the extended bio-preservation of minimally processed fresh beef and lamb.     

Skeletal categories

We examine in this paper skeletons of deformed image categories and their connection with structures and projections. First we state under which conditions a subcategory Σ of the deformed image category ^Δ is a skeleton. Second, we consider the particular case when all deformations reduce themselves to similarities and compare Σ to the category of structures. Third, we establish a link between skeletons and projections. Indications are given about the topological explanation of the properties which skeletons and projections possess in common as well as about the connection existing between our formalism and current applications.     

Les experiences de Geneve sur l'apprentissage: Un dossier peu convaincant (meme pour un Piagetian).

Reviews recently published studies conducted by the Piagetian group in Geneva on the induced learning of certain logical concepts. (English & French abstracts) (23 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Attenuation of a plane compressional wave by a random distribution of thin circular cracks

The problem of the diffraction of obliquely incident plane compressional waves by a thin circular crack located in an infinite isotropic elastic medium is considered. An analytic estimation of the scattering cross-section is obtained for the Rayleigh limit. The attenuation coefficient associated with a random distribution of such cracks is derived for not too closely-spaced cracks, even when weak scattering density conditions are not satisfied. It is found that, for long wave-lengths, the attenuation varies directly with the average of the sixth power of the radius and inversely with the fourth power of the wave-length, with a coefficient which depends on Poisson's ratio. Comparisons are made with known results for spherical cavities and with the attenuation we could calculate for scalar waves. Conclusions are drawn about attenuation measurements used as a non-destructive test to characterize crack distribution in a sample.