BACKGROUND: The unregulated renin release by native kidneys is one of the factors responsible for the high incidence of hypertension after renal transplantation but, even after three decades of transplantation, there is still a lack of a method to identify it as the major cause of hypertension. METHODS: We investigated whether or not peripheral renin activity, before and 90 min after 25 mg of captopril, can play this role. One hundred and five consecutive patients with SCr less than 2 mg/dl were studied 18 +/- 8 months after renal transplantation. Forty-seven of them were considered hypertensive and 58 normotensive. All hypertensive patients were submitted to the captopril test to analyse the peripheral renin activity profile. RESULTS: In the hypertensive group, 17 patients (36%) were considered Renin-pos and 30 (64%) Renin-neg. All Renin-pos (stimulated renin = 19.1 +/- 6.4 ng/ml/h) patients were submitted to bilateral nephrectomy (bNx) and re-evaluated 6 months later. All of them normalized renin activity (4.4 +/- 3.0 ng/ml/h, P = 0.0001) and 10 of 17 (60%) became normotensive and off drugs. The remaining seven (40%) decreased the number of hypotensive drugs from 2.2 +/- 0.5 to 0.5 +/- 0.7/pt/day. There was a correlation between b-Renin and dBP (r = 0.47, P < 0.05) which was lost after bNx. An 'in situ' renal-cell carcinoma was found in two cases. Serum creatinine did not change. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the unregulated renin-angiotensin system from the native kidneys plays a major role in the maintenance of hypertension in some patients with normal graft function and that peripheral renin activity can identify those who will benefit from bilateral nephrectomy. 相似文献
This Paper reviews basic features of the reaction kinetics of potassium-catalysed coal gasification and describes how small-scale data were used for the conceptual design of large fluidized-bed gasifiers. It shows how potassium was chosen from among the alkali metals, the importance of the methanation reaction, and of steam conversion. 相似文献
In the present work, we report the effects of C(60)-pretreatments on acute carbon tetrachloride intoxication in rats, a classical model for studying free-radical-mediated liver injury. Our results show that aqueous C(60) suspensions prepared without using any polar organic solvent not only have no acute or subacute toxicity in rodents but they also protect their livers in a dose-dependent manner against free-radical damage. To be sure, according to histopathological examinations and biological tests, pristine C(60) can be considered as a powerful liver-protective agent. 相似文献
A PCM rolling floor (RF) was developed to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal complaints among truck drivers. The RF can be used to move packed goods automatically in and out of the cargo space. The efficacy of this intervention on physical work demands, energetic and perceived workload and productivity was evaluated by comparing nine truck drivers working with a RF and a traditional, non-moving floor during a working day. Since the RF was not used during the loading process, no effects were found. The RF reduced the unloading process by 8 min, decreased the frequency of lifting and setting down goods by 24%, decreased the frequency of handling goods below knee level by 79%, and decreased the frequency of entering the cargo space by 45%. No effect was found on the energetic and perceived workload. The RF resulted in a small increase in productivity. 相似文献
The objective of this qualitative study was to assess whether a hypothesised sequential order of behavioural change phases would be fulfilled in different groups of stakeholders involved at the start of a process to implement ergonomic [corrected] measures in bricklaying teams. The measures include trestles, bricklaying scaffolds, mast climbing work platforms [corrected] and cranes. The behavioural change phases were: (1) being aware of measures, (2) understanding measures, (3) wanting measures, (4) intention to buy or hire measures, (5) ability to use measures, (6) using measures (experience), and (7) continuing to use measures. Structured interviews were conducted to examine the change phases in two groups of stakeholders (employers/work planners (n=11) [corrected] and foremen/bricklayers (n=9) [corrected] from nine companies) thought to be relevant in the decision to adopt and use the ergonomic [corrected] measures. The results show that the fulfilled behavioural change phases differ between individual stakeholders, groups of stakeholders, companies and also between ergonomic measures. The hypothesised order of fulfilled consecutive behavioural change phases for individual stakeholders has not been confirmed by this study. The relationship between [corrected] fulfilled and unfulfilled change phases by each stakeholder (group) and actual use of each ergonomic measure requires further study, so as to improve the selection of suitable implementation strategies [corrected] 相似文献
The preparation of 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane () miniemulsions stabilized by commercial surfactants, i.e. sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (NaDBSA) and sodium laurate/lauric acid mixture, was studied and is first reported. Then, the pH was tuned in order to process polymerization through interfacial protonic initiation. With lauric acid, no polymerization was observed, even at high temperature or large acid contents. Such effect is ascribed to the poor dissociation and reactivity of high pKa's carboxylic acids. With NaDBSA, acidification by HCl was enough to initiate the polymerization, but the pH of the continuous phase was shown to have a strong effect on the polymerization process. Optimal conditions (at pH 5) gave chains with average number molar masses around 16,000 g mol−1 and polydispersity index close to 1.6, for a total conversion in polymer of about 60% after 2 h reaction. Lower pH (4.2) quickly led to a cross-linked network whereas at higher pH (6.1), conversions were too slow (around 10% after 350 min). 相似文献
Light up galectin: Photoprobes based on thiodigalactoside were prepared for galectin‐3, a lectin linked to cancer. The probes contained either benzophenone or acetophenone moieties as the photolabel for covalent attachment to the protein. One particular probe labeled galectin‐3 selectively, even in the presence of cell lysate.