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11.
Bioconversion of sludge from the primary clarifier of a sulphite pulping operation to ethanol offers a number of advantages over conventional disposal options. The amount of material which must be disposed of is reduced while, at the same time, salable and environmentally friendly fuel-ethanol is produced. In this study, primary clarifier sludge (PCS) was shown to be hydrolysed to produce fermentable sugars at a rate proportional to enzyme loading. Initial (1 hour) hydrolysis rates as high as 12.6 g reducing sugar/L · h were observed at an initial enzyme loading of 10 filter paper units (FPU)/g. Hydrolysis was inhibited by spent sulphite liquor (SSL), an inhibition which could be completely overcome by fermenting the SSL to remove sugars. Surfactants were found to only marginally improve the production of sugars. To reduce the deleterious effects of end product inhibition, single stage simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) was carried out using cellulase enzymes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 相似文献
12.
H. H. J. L. Ploegmakers P. A. Moritz P. J. M. M. Toll W. J. van Oort 《Journal of Automated Methods and Management in Chemistry》1989,11(3):106-112
A computerized electrochemical detection system for application
after HPLC, provided with a cyclic voltammetric oxidative and
reductive module, is described for the on-line qualitative determination
of electroactive antineoplastic agents and metabolites in urine
samples, collected from cancer patients, following intravenous
administration.The application of two cyclic voltammetric detection modes
provides an insight into both oxidative and reductive electrode
reactions of compounds, passing the detector and the occurrence of
(it)reversible chemical and electrochemical processes at the electrode
surface. In this way, redox properties of drugs and metabolites
characteristic of their molecular structure, can be established, which
may provide information related to their (enzymatic) bioactivation.In the cyclic voltammetric mode, the system permits automatic
detection of a compound in the cell, recording, storage and plotting
of voltammograms and calculation of the retention times, the
half-wave potentials and the peak potentials of each scan of all
individual compounds. For routine use, storage of 68 voltammograms
on-line is sufficient for the analysis of biological samples in
clinical-pharmacological research. Special attention has been paid
to automatic, multi-reference-point component detection.Based on their concentrations in urine, the oxidative cyclic
voltammetric mode, using a glassy carbon electrode, permits the
determination of etoposide and teniposide, whereas the reductive
cyclic voltammetric mode, with a static mercury drop electrode,
permits the determination of adriamycin and its metabolite
adriamycinol. 相似文献
13.
Pu Li Moritz Wendt H. Arellano-Garcia Günter Wozny 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2002,48(6):1198-1211
A new method of optimizing the operation of distillation processes with uncertain inflow streams from upstream plants is discussed. The case considered is the streams that will be first accumulated in a tank before feeding to the column. To minimize the total amount of operating energy while keeping a stable column operation under these inflows, a novel decomposed optimization strategy consisting of two steps was used. For an optimal planning of the dynamic operation, a smooth feed flow policy to the column is developed in the first step by stochastic optimization under chance constraints by ensuring a predefined probability of holding the tank level inside the desired range. An easy-to-use method developed computes the maximum reachable probability of holding the constraints so that a feasible solution of the chance constrained problem can be guaranteed. Since the uncertainty in the inflow stream variability is absorbed in the stochastic optimization over the tank, the operation of the dowstream distillation column is deterministic. Therefore, in the second step, the reflux and reboiler duty policies of the column are developed by deterministic dynamic optimization. The optimal overall strategy is obtained by the maximized smoothness of the feed flow to the distillation column. The approach is applied to a pilot column, and the developed operating policies are implemented on the real plant by experiment. 相似文献
14.
Moritz Riesner Michael Netter Günther Pernul 《Information Security Technical Report》2013,17(4):185-198
The rising prevalence of Social Networking Sites (SNS) and their usage in multiple contexts poses new privacy challenges and increasingly prompts users to manage their online identity. To address privacy threats stemming from interacting with other users on SNS, effective Social Identity Management (SIdM) is a key requirement. It refers to the deliberate and targeted disclosure of personal attribute values to a subset of one's contacts or other users on the SNS. Protection against other entities such as the site operator itself or advertisers and application programmers is not covered by SIdM, but could be incorporated in further refinement steps. Features and settings to perform SIdM have been proposed and subsequently implemented partly by some SNS. Yet, these are often isolated solutions that lack integration into a reference framework that states the requirements for successfully managing one's identity. In this article, such a reference framework of existing and desired SIdM settings is derived from identity theory, literature analysis, and existing SNS. Based thereupon, we examine the SIdM capabilities of prevalent SNS and highlight possible improvements. Lastly, we reason about developing a metric to objectively compare the capability of SNS in regards to their support for SIdM. 相似文献
15.
In map generalization various operators are applied to the features of a map in order to maintain and improve the legibility
of the map after the scale has been changed. These operators must be applied in the proper sequence and the quality of the
results must be continuously evaluated. Cartographic constraints can be used to define the conditions that have to be met
in order to make a map legible and compliant to the user needs. The combinatorial optimization approaches shown in this paper
use cartographic constraints to control and restrict the selection and application of a variety of different independent generalization
operators into an optimal sequence. Different optimization techniques including hill climbing, simulated annealing and genetic
deep search are presented and evaluated experimentally by the example of the generalization of buildings in blocks. All algorithms
used in this paper have been implemented in a web services framework. This allows the use of distributed and parallel processing
in order to speed up the search for optimized generalization operator sequences.
相似文献
Moritz NeunEmail: |
16.
Although experiments in rodents and human population-based studies have demonstrated the efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as sulindac in colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention, a detailed knowledge of the underlying mechanism of action of this drug is limited. To better understand the chemopreventitive effects of sulindac, especially early sulindac-induced apoptotic events, we used the CRC cell line LIM1215 as an experimental model, focusing on proteins secreted into the LIM1215 culture medium - i.e., the secretome. This subproteome comprises both soluble-secreted proteins and exosomes (30-100?nm diameter membrane vesicles released by several cell types). Selected secretome proteins whose expression levels were dysregulated by 1?mM sulindac treatment over 16?h were analyzed using 2-D DIGE, cytokine array, Western blotting, and MS. Overall, 150 secreted proteins were identified, many of which are implicated in molecular and cellular functions such as cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and apoptosis. Our secretome-based proteomic studies have identified several secreted modulators of sulindac-induced apoptosis action (e.g., Mac-2 binding protein, Alix, 14-3-3 isoforms, profilin-1, calumenin/Cab45 precursors, and the angiogenic/tumor growth factors interleukin 8 (IL-8) and growth related oncogene (GRO-α)) that are likely to improve our understanding of the chemopreventitive action of this NSAID in CRC. 相似文献
17.
Vanessa Sanchez Kausalya Mahadevan Gabrielle Ohlson Moritz A. Graule Michelle C. Yuen Clark B. Teeple James C. Weaver James McCann Katia Bertoldi Robert J. Wood 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(26):2212541
Soft robots adapt passively to complex environments due to their inherent compliance, allowing them to interact safely with fragile or irregular objects and traverse uneven terrain. The vast tunability and ubiquity of textiles has enabled new soft robotic capabilities, especially in the field of wearable robots, but existing textile processing techniques (e.g., cut-and-sew, thermal bonding) are limited in terms of rapid, additive, accessible, and waste-free manufacturing. While 3D knitting has the potential to address these limitations, an incomplete understanding of the impact of structure and material on knit-scale mechanical properties and macro-scale device performance has precluded the widespread adoption of knitted robots. In this work, the roles of knit structure and yarn material properties on textile mechanics spanning three regimes–unfolding, geometric rearrangement, and yarn stretching–are elucidated and shown to be tailorable across unique knit architectures and yarn materials. Based on this understanding, 3D knit soft actuators for extension, contraction, and bending are constructed. Combining these actuation primitives enables the monolithic fabrication of entire soft grippers and robots in a single-step additive manufacturing procedure suitable for a variety of applications. This approach represents a first step in seamlessly “printing” conformal, low-cost, customizable textile-based soft robots on-demand. 相似文献
18.
Moritz Tebbe Elizabeth Galati Gilbert C. Walker Eugenia Kumacheva 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,13(37)
Future progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology necessitates further development of versatile, labor‐, and cost‐efficient surface patterning strategies. A new approach to nanopatterning is reported, which utilizes surface segregation of a smooth layer of an end‐grafted homopolymer in a poor solvent. The variation in polymer grafting density yields a range of surface nanostructures, including randomly organized pinned spherical micelles, worm‐like structures, networks, and porous films. The capability to use the polymer patterns for site‐specific deposition of small molecules, polymers, or nanoparticles is shown. This versatile strategy enables patterning of curved surfaces with direct access to the substrate and no need in changing polymer composition to realize different surface patterns. 相似文献
19.
Oxidative Stress Imaging: Visualizing Oxidative Cellular Stress Induced by Nanoparticles in the Subcytotoxic Range Using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (Small 23/2018)
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20.
Dirk Abbeloos Moritz Diehl Michael Hinze Stefan Vandewalle 《Computing and Visualization in Science》2011,14(1):27-38
We present a nested multigrid method to optimize time-periodic, parabolic, partial differential equations (PDE). We consider
a quadratic tracking objective with a linear parabolic PDE constraint. The first order optimality conditions, given by a coupled
system of boundary value problems can be rewritten as an Fredholm integral equation of the second kind, which is solved by
a multigrid of the second kind. The evaluation of the integral operator consists of solving sequentially a boundary value
problem for respectively the state and the adjoints. Both problems are solved efficiently by a time-periodic space-time multigrid
method. 相似文献