关于炼钢用耐火材料优化的几个问题

概述了现代炼钢生产发展与优化的主要特点。为适应这些发展特点的要求 ,提出了耐火材料向“更长寿、无污染、功能化”方向发展的必要性观点     

乙丙橡胶市场分析

介绍了了国内外乙丙橡胶的产能情况,供需现状,市场销售及产品应用发展方向,详尽分析了国内乙丙橡胶生产情况,市场情况和进口产品国内市场占有率情况。     

Inclusion Compound of Poly(vinyl alcohol) with Multivalent Molybdenum Coordination Compound

An inclusion compound of Mo(VI,V,IV) complexes and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) that contains some carbonyl groups was prepared by a photoelectron transfer reaction between PVA and 12-molybdophosphoric acid (PMo₁₂). A dark-blue film was obtained when the aqueous solution of PMo₁₂ and PVA was irradiated with UV light. The film exhibited the characteristic electron spin resonance (ESR) signal of Mo(V). The existence of Mo(VI,V,IV) complexes was supported by XPS analysis of the film. Furthermore, the infrared (IR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectra of the film showed weak absorption bands at 1710 cm^–1 and 300–314 nm that are consistent with carbonyl groups, which presumably are a result of partial oxidation of secondary hydroxyl groups on PVA. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the dark-blue film exhibited a peak at 220.3°C that is different from PMo₁₂ and PVA. Except for the IR absorption at 1710 cm^–1, the wavelengths and shapes of the other IR bands were similar to those of PVA. The UV–Vis spectrum of the film showed a new absorption band at 742–770 nm. In addition, the XRD spectrum of the film, the diffraction angles, and the crystalline sites were different from that in PMo₁₂ or PVA. However, the peak shape was similar to that of PVA. In summary, the DSC, IR, UV–Vis, and XRD data support a Mo(VI,V,IV) complex that is included into the spiral tube structure of PVA, which contains some carbonyl groups.     

Preparation of amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) from U‐polymer via a copolymerization process

U‐Polymer, a kind of polyarylate, was synthesized by interfacial polycondensation method with terephthaloyl chloride (TPC), isophthaloyl chloride (IPC), and bisphenol A (BPA) as raw materials. The structure of the U‐Polymer was characterized by IR and ¹H–NMR spectra. Then, an amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) (APET) was prepared with the introduction of the U‐Polymer to the PET sequence to improve thermal and mechanical behaviors of PET via the polymerization process. The structure and property of the APET were characterized by DSC and DMA. The results showed that the APET exhibits amorphism, transparency, higher glass‐transition temperature (T_g), and higher storage modulus than that of PET. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 1653–1657, 2001     

Synthesis,Characterization and Immunological Evaluation of Self‐Adjuvanting Group A Streptococcal Vaccine Candidates Bearing Various Lipidic Adjuvanting Moieties

Four group A streptococcal glycolipopeptide vaccine candidates with different lipidic adjuvanting moieties were prepared and characterized. The immunogenicity of the compounds was evaluated by macrophage and dendritic cell uptake studies and by in vivo quantification of systemic IgG antibody by ELISA. Three of the candidates showed significant induction of the IgG response.     

Hydroxyl‐decorated ammonium polyphosphate as flame retardant reinforcing agent in solvent‐free two‐component polyurethane

Despite being extensively implemented in research, it remains challenging but highly desirable to develop ammonium polyphosphate (APP)‐based polyurethane (PU) combining excellent flame retardancy and improved mechanical properties. Herein, hydroxyl‐decorated APP (OH‐APP) was successfully fabricated through a facile, green, yet efficient cation exchange reaction with N‐methylethanolamine, and utilized as a multifunctional reinforcing agent for solvent‐free two‐component PU in the curing process. Results demonstrate that the conjugation of OH‐APP imparts to the resultant cured PU samples (PU/OH‐APP) enhanced fire safety and smoke suppression performance, as evidenced by the considerable decrease in peak heat release rate, total heat release, peak smoke production rate and total smoke production by 75.4, 30.1, 64.3 and 14.4% over those of pure PU. Furthermore, the tensile strength of PU/OH‐APP is improved by 66.5%, while the ductility is well maintained, highlighting its promising potential in industrial applications. This work is aimed at opening a new avenue for the development of APP‐based PU with outstanding performances through covalent anchoring approaches. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Morphologically dependent alternating‐current and direct‐current breakdown strength in silica–polypropylene nanocomposites

In this article, we report the synthesis of a new bimodal surface ligand morphology on silica nanoparticles. Combining grafting‐to and grafting‐from approaches, in this study, we demonstrated the efficacy of anthracene surface modification for improving the dielectric breakdown strength (DBS) under alternating‐current and direct‐current conditions and that of a matrix‐compatible polymer brush for controlling the nanofiller (NF) dispersion. Ligand‐modified spherical colloidal SiO₂ nanoparticles (～14 nm in diameter) were mixed into polypropylene, and the resulting dispersion was improved over the unmodified particles, as shown with transmission electron microscopy. The results suggest that the electronic structure of the anthracene‐modified particle surface was critical to the improvement in DBS. In addition, the DBS of the composite was shown to depend on the dispersion state of the filler and the mode of stress; this indicated that the individually dispersed nanoparticles were not necessarily the optimal morphology for all stress conditions. Additionally, the precise nature of the matrix‐compatible brush was less important than the NF dispersion it produced. The bimodal grafted architectural design has provided a promising solution for the control of the dispersion and surface properties, especially for high‐molecular‐weight polymer matrices. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 44347.     

Buildup of hyperbranched polymer/alginate multilayers and their influence on protein adsorption and platelet adhesion

A hyperbranched poly(methylene bisacrylamide–aminoethyl piperazine) (HPMA) and lactobionic acid modified hyperbranched poly(methylene bisacrylamide–aminoethyl piperazine) (LA–HPMA), namely, galactosylated HPMA, were assembled with alginate through the application of the layer‐by‐layer technique to fabricate polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films. We monitored the assembly process to reveal the stepwise mass increase with a quartz crystal microbalance with the dissipation technique and by the reversal of the ζ potential. The thickness of PEMs assembled in solutions with different pHs was measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry; it showed a general decreasing tendency along with the pH increase. Postincubation in a buffer solution revealed that the multilayers possessed good stability with a thickness decrease from 5 to 15%. The PEMs showed a limited protein adsorption. Serum, bovine serum albumin, and fibrinogen were adsorbed onto the multilayers with a density within hundreds of nanograms per square centimeter to 1 μg/cm² and showed a relatively smaller adsorption on the multilayers assembled at pH 9. The PEMs assembled with LA–HPMA showed the lowest adhesion and activation of platelets, regardless of the outmost layer. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44769.     

Preparation of ultra-light ceramic foams from waste glass and fly ash

Ultra-light ceramic foams were successfully prepared by a green spheres technique, which used waste glass powder and fly ash as the main material. Besides, borax and SiC were introduced as fluxing agent and foaming agent, respectively. The effects of fly ash content, borax content and sintering temperature on the microstructures and properties of ceramic foams were systematically investigated. The optimum composition is 30?wt-% fly ash, 70?wt-% waste glass, 15?wt-% borax and 0.5?wt-% SiC. Ultra-light ceramic foams sintered at 680–780°C possess bulk density of 0.14–0.41?g?cm^?3, porosity of 82.9–94.1%, compressive strength of 0.91–6.37?MPa and thermal conductivity of 0.070–0.121?W?m^?1?K^?1, respectively. This method is convenient, low-cost and environment friendly, which makes it a promising way for recycling solid wastes.