Intelligent forecaster of concentrations (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO,O3, SO2) caused air pollution (IFCsAP)

Neural Computing and Applications - Upgrading health reality is the responsibility of all, it is necessary to think about the design of a smart system based on modern technologies to reduce the...     

Anatomical and histological studies of the alimentary canal of adult maize leaf weevil,Tanymecusdilaticollis Gyllenhal, 1834 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

In this study, ananatomical and histological study was conducted on the alimentary canal of Tanymecusdilaticollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which is an economic polyphagous pest species, to study the relationship between the structure of the alimentary canal and the feeding habit. Therefore, the structure of the alimentary canal of T. dilaticollis was examined using light and electron microscopies. Results have shown that the alimentary canal in T. dilaticollis is consisted of three separate regions as foregut, midgut, and hindgut structurally between the mouth and the anus, which pass from head, thorax, and abdomen. The foregut consists of pharynx, esophagus, crop and proventriculus and in the crop part, expansion is seen compared to other foregut parts. Midgut of T. dilaticollis is the largest part of digestion system. The anterior region of midgut is twofolds wider than the posterior region. The posterior midgut extends tubularly and it is connected to eightgastric caeca. The hindgut of T. dilaticollis consists of fourparts as pylorus, ileum, colon, and rectum. Well‐developed muscle layers are found near the rectum and genital chamber. These results contribute to further studies on the ecology and biological control agents of Coleoptera and to provide a broad comparison of alimentary canal of Coleoptera species.     

Effect of hybrid nanofluids mixture ratio on the performance of a photovoltaic thermal collector

Solar photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) collectors, are hybrid collectors used to convert solar radiation into usable thermal and electrical energy. Recently, the field of research on PV/T is has focused on improving the efficiency of the PV/T collector by replacing the conventional heat transfer fluids (HTFs) with nanofluids. This article investigates the effect of hybrid nanofluids mixture ratio on the useful energy and overall efficiency of a PV/T collector operating with Al₂O₃-ZnO water nanofluid as the HTF. Experiments to measure the thermophysical properties of the hybrid nanofluids were conducted for various temperatures, volume concentrations, and mixture ratios, furthermore, accurate correlation models were proposed. Metrological data and energy output readings collected from the PV solar farm at Cyprus International University were used to validate our model. The study observed that at the optimum mixture ratio (0.47 of Al₂O₃ in the hybrid), the electrical, thermal, and exergy efficiencies of the PV/T collector are 13.8%, 55.9%, and 15.13% respectively. Also, the cell temperature drops by 21% when the mass flow rate is 0.1 kg/s as compared to when it is 0.01 kg/s. Finally, the study concludes that by using the Al₂O₃-ZnO hybrid nanofluid an overall peak thermal efficiency of 91% can be attained, and this represents a 34% enhancement in the collector's performance when compared to water.     

Mathematical modeling of batch bioethanol generation from carob extract in the suspended-cell stirred-tank bioreactor

In this study, various functions were evaluated and utilized to forecast observed values and kinetic parameters of the batch ethanol fabrication from carob extract in the suspended-cell stirred tank reactor (SCSTR). The best model was detected with the model comparison parameters (root-mean-square-error [RMSE], mean-absolute-error [MAE], and R²). The results indicated that the model Stannard (ST) successfully predicted biomass production data (RMSE = 0.26 g L⁻¹, MAE = 0.18 g L⁻¹, and R² = 0.9910), ethanol fabrication data (RMSE = 2.44 g L⁻¹, MAE = 1.88 g L⁻¹, and R² = 0.9809), and sugar depletion data (RMSE = 2.82 g L⁻¹, MAE = 2.17 g L⁻¹ and R² = 0.9938). Nevertheless, the lowest value of the objective function (Φ-factor) was also yielded as 0.041 using the model ST. Additionally, in the estimation of the kinetic data, the model ST also gave well-directed results. Besides, when an independent set of the observed values was utilized to confirm the mathematical functions, the satisfactory consequences were achieved in terms of both the experimental and kinetic values. Consequently, the model ST can work as a universal function in predicting observed values and kinetics of batch ethanol generation from carob extract in an SCSTR.