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41.
42.
Myriam Arrue Xabier Valencia J. Eduardo Pérez Julio Abascal 《International journal of human-computer interaction》2019,35(7):568-583
Web accessibility evaluation requires tests to be carried out with real users with disabilities performing real tasks or activities. To recruit an appropriate group of users and to observe their performance in the real world is difficult. For this reason we have developed RemoTest, a platform that assists researchers designing experiments, conducting remote and in-situ experimental sessions and analyzing the data gathered while the users are accessing the Web. Although this tool is oriented to experimenters, it is necessary to check whether the evaluation environments created by RemoTest are accessible or not to the users that participate in the tests. To this end, we conducted formal in-situ evaluations with 36 users with diverse characteristics. For this assessment, the participants were asked to install the platform, to fill in some automatically created questionnaires and to carry out several web navigation tasks. From the data gathered we analyzed the ease of the installation process, the accessibility of the automatically generated questionnaires, and user satisfaction. The results revealed the suitability of the platform for conducting inclusive experiments both in remote and in-situ contexts and provided guidelines on how the experiments should be set out. 相似文献
43.
John F. Timms Elif Arslan-Low Musarat Kabir Jenny Worthington Stephane Camuzeaux John Sinclair Joanna Szaub Babak Afrough Vladimir N. Podust Evangelia-Ourania Fourkala Myriam Cubizolles Florian Kronenberg Eric T. Fung Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj Usha Menon Ian Jacobs 《Proteomics. Clinical applications》2014,8(11-12):982-993
44.
Elizabeth Dufourcq-Sekatcheff Stephan Cuin Yonghua Li-Beisson Loïc Quevarec Myriam Richaud Simon Galas Sandrine Frelon 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(19)
Wildlife is chronically exposed to various sources of ionizing radiations, both environmental or anthropic, due to nuclear energy use, which can induce several defects in organisms. In invertebrates, reproduction, which directly impacts population dynamics, has been found to be the most radiosensitive endpoint. Understanding the underlying molecular pathways inducing this reproduction decrease can help in predicting the effects at larger scales (i.e., population). In this study, we used a life stage dependent approach in order to better understand the molecular determinants of reproduction decrease in the roundworm C. elegans. Worms were chronically exposed to 50 mGy·h−1 external gamma ionizing radiations throughout different developmental periods (namely embryogenesis, gametogenesis, and full development). Then, in addition to reproduction parameters, we performed a wide analysis of lipids (different class and fatty acid via FAMES), which are both important signaling molecules for reproduction and molecular targets of oxidative stress. Our results showed that reproductive defects are life stage dependent, that lipids are differently misregulated according to the considered exposure (e.g., upon embryogenesis and full development) and do not fully explain radiation induced reproductive defects. Finally, our results enable us to propose a conceptual model of lipid signaling after radiation stress in which both the soma and the germline participate. 相似文献
45.
Frdric Coutant Jean-Jacques Pin Florence Morfin-Sherpa Tristan Ferry Stphane Paul Bruno Pozzetto Myriam Normand Pierre Miossec 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(20)
Individuals with pre-existing chronic systemic low-grade inflammation are prone to develop severe COVID-19 and stronger anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses. Whether this phenomenon reflects a differential expansion of antiviral B cells or a failure to regulate antibody synthesis remains unknown. Here, we compared the antiviral B cell repertoire of convalescent healthcare personnel to that of hospitalized patients with pre-existing comorbidities. Out of 277,500 immortalized B cell clones, antiviral B cell frequencies were determined by indirect immunofluorescence screening on SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. Surprisingly, frequencies of SARS-CoV-2 specific clones from the two groups were not statistically different, despite higher antibody levels in hospitalized patients. Moreover, functional analyses revealed that several B cell clones from healthcare personnel with low antibody levels had neutralizing properties. This study reveals for the first time a key qualitative defect of antibody synthesis in severe patients and calls for caution regarding estimated protective immunity based only on circulating antiviral antibodies. 相似文献
46.
Power-to-Substitute Natural Gas processes are investigated to offer solutions for renewable energy storing or transportation. In the present study, an original Power-to-SNG process combining high-temperature steam electrolysis and CO2 methanation is implemented and simulated. A reference process is firstly defined, including a specific modelling approach of the electrolysis and a methanation modelling including a kinetic law. The process also integrates a unit to clean the gas from residual CO2, H2 and H2O for gas network injection. Having set all the units, simulations are performed with ProsimPlus 3™ software for a reference case where the electrolyser and the methanation reactors are designed. The reference case allows to produce 67.5 Nm3/h of SNG with an electrical energy consumption of 14.4 kW h/Nm3. The produced SNG satisfies specifications required for network injection. From this reference process, two sensitivity analyses on electrolysis and methanation working points and on external parameters and constraints are considered. As a main result, we observe that the reference case maximises both process efficiency and SNG production when compared with other studied cases. 相似文献
47.
Lemarchand F Deumié C Zerrad M Abel-Tiberini L Bertussi B Georges G Lazaridès B Cathelinaud M Lequime M Amra C 《Applied optics》2006,45(7):1312-1318
We present the characterizations performed at the Institut Fresnel for the Measurement Problem of the Optical Interference Coatings 2004 Topical Meeting. A single layer coated on a fused-silica substrate of unknown composition and parameters is analyzed in terms of optogeometrical parameters, uniformity, and scattering. We determine the refractive index and the average thickness of the coating, then provide the localized determination of the thickness with a 2 mm spatial resolution. Topography measurements include atomic force microscopy and angle-resolved scattering measurements. These results are completed thanks to a Taylor Hobson noncontact 3D surface profiler. 相似文献
48.
Brambilla D Verpillot R Taverna M De Kimpe L Le Droumaguet B Nicolas J Canovi M Gobbi M Mantegazza F Salmona M Nicolas V Scheper W Couvreur P Andrieux K 《Analytical chemistry》2010,82(24):10083-10089
A novel application of capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) was proposed to efficiently detect and monitor the interaction between polymeric nanoparticles and the β-Amyloid peptide (Aβ(1-42)), a biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease (AD), at concentrations close to physiological conditions. The CE-LIF method allowed the interaction between PEGylated poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles (NPs) and the soluble Aβ(1-42) peptide monomers to be highlighted. These results were confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Whereas SPR showed an interaction between the NPs and the Aβ(1-42) peptide, CLSM allowed the formation of large aggregates/assemblies at high NP and peptide concentrations to be visualized. All these results suggested that these nanoparticles could bind the Aβ(1-42) peptide and influence its aggregation kinetics. Interestingly, the non-PEGylated poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) NPs did not alter the aggregation kinetics of the Aβ(1-42) peptide, thus emphasizing the high level of discrimination of the CE-LIF method with respect to NPs. 相似文献
49.
Olivier Dezellus Lucile Milani Françoise Bosselet Myriam Sacerdote-Peronnet Dominique Rouby Jean-Claude Viala 《Journal of Materials Science》2008,43(6):1749-1756
Mechanical properties of Ti/Al–7Si assemblies produced by insert moulding were studied with a classical push-out test and
a variant that is the circular-bending test. Special care has been taken for controlling both the reactivity at the Ti/Al–7Si
interface and the metallurgical health of the Al–7Si matrix. Mechanical tests until complete debonding have been completed
with interrupted tests, metallographic characterizations and FEM analysis of elastic stress state. A mean shear strength of
the interface of about 120 MPa was obtained. When the Ti insert is solely fretted in the matrix, without chemical interaction
between Ti and the Al–7Si alloy, the mean shear strength is significantly lower (48 MPa). This result clearly shows that chemical
interaction at the interface (formation of a thin TiSi layer at the Ti side and a thick Al3Ti(Si) layer at the Al–7Si alloy side) improves the mechanical properties of the assembly. It is also shown that the failure
sequence is characterized both by crack propagation from bottom to top and matrix yielding from top to bottom. Actually, interface
damaging begins by crack initiation at the specimen bottom face (not at the top face and under the indenter) in a nearly pure
mode I solicitation at a radial tensile stress of about 100 MPa. 相似文献
50.
Since fullerenes and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were discovered, these materials have attracted a great deal of attention in the scientific community due to their unique structures and properties. The properties of both carbon allotropes can be modulated by chemical functionalization, and merging fullerenes and CNTs combines the electronic and optical properties of CNTs with the excellent electron acceptor characteristic of fullerenes; moreover, a synergistic effect of these hybrids can be found, as the properties of both the nanotube and the fullerene are affected by the presence of the other. In these hybrids, the fullerene can be located inside (endohedral) or outside (exohedral) the CNT and both types of hybrid have specific features. CNT-fullerene hybrids have been studied for various applications, including photovoltaics, optical limiting and flame retardancy amongst others. This review outlines the progress in research on CNT-fullerene hybrids, including endohedral and exohedral combinations, their properties, functionalization, applications and outlook. 相似文献