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71.
Notched concrete beams containing varying amounts of pea gravel aggregate were tested under three-point bend, and their fracture toughness determined. The roughness of the region near the interface between the cement paste and the aggregate was evaluated by digitizing images from a confocal tandem scanning microscope. The average roughness of the paste was found to be related to the fracture parametersK
IC (critical stress intensity factor) and a
c (critical crack extension), as determined by the two-parameter fracture model. The roughness in the proximity of the paste-aggregate interface was generally higher than that of the paste far from the aggregate, and it decreased with the distance from the aggregate. This study indicates that aggregate particles increase the toughness of the cement paste portion of concrete, and that this is an important mechanism for toughening concrete. 相似文献
72.
Razzaq Saad Shah Babar Iqbal Farkhund Ilyas Muhammad Maqbool Fahad Rocha Alvaro 《Neural computing & applications》2023,35(11):8017-8026
Neural Computing and Applications - A lot of different methods are being opted for improving the educational standards through monitoring of the classrooms. The developed world uses Smart... 相似文献
73.
Karimulla Shah Rishav Kumar Sibasis Sahoo R. S. Pais Nirupam Chakraborti 《Materials and Manufacturing Processes》2017,32(10):1201-1208
Data-driven models have been constructed for Dual Phase (DP) and Interstitials Free (IF) steels using an evolutionary approach. DP steel data are utilized from an existing database, while for the IF steels, data generated at an integrated steel plant have been used. The objective function for Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) and % elongation, created as data-driven models, is simultaneously optimized for an optimum strength-ductility balance and the results indicate the possibilities of developing steels with better mechanical properties than what are known to have been existing so far. 相似文献
74.
75.
Shuhua Zhang Muhammad Naeem Shah Feng Liu Zhongqiang Zhang Qin Hu Thomas P.Russell Minmin Shi Chang-Zhi Li Hongzheng Chen 《Nano Research》2017,(11):3765-3774
The ternary strategy for incorporating multiple photon-sensitive components into a single junction has emerged as an effective method for optimizing the nanoscale morphology and improving the device performance of organic solar cells (OSCs).In this study,efficient and stable ternary OSCs were achieved by introducing the small-molecule dye (5E,5'E)-5,5'-(4',4″-(1,2-diphenylethene-1,2-diyl)bis(biphenyl-4',4-diyl))bis(methan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(3-ethyl-2-thioxothia zolidin-4-one) (BTPERn) into poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiopheneco-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate] (PTB7-Th):[6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) blend films processed using a 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO)-free solvent.The incorporation of BTPE-Rn enhanced the short-circuit current density and fill factor of the ternary OSCs compared with those of binary OSCs.An investigation of the optical,electronic,and morphological properties of the ternary blends indicated that the third component of BTPE-Rn not only promoted the photon utilization of blends through the energy-transfer process but also improved the electron mobility of the blends owing to the fullerene-rich nanophase optimization.More importantly,this ternary strategy of utilizing a small-molecule dye to replace the photounstable DIO additive enhanced the operational stability of the OSCs. 相似文献
76.
Tuomas Haggren Ali Shah Anton Autere Joona-Pekko Kakko Veer Dhaka Maria Kim Teppo Huhtio Zhipei Sun Harri Lipsanen 《Nano Research》2017,10(8):2657-2666
Light management and electrical isolation are essential for the majority of optoelectronic nanowire (NW) devices.Here,we present a cost-effective technique,based on vapor-phase deposition of parylene-C and subsequent annealing,that provides conformal encapsulation,anti-reflective coating,improved optical properties,and electrical insulation for GaAs nanowires.The process presented allows facile encapsulation and insulation that is suitable for any nanowire structure.In particular,the parylene-C encapsulation functions as an efficient antireflection coating for the nanowires,with reflectivity down to <1% in the visible spectrum.Furthermore,the parylene-C coating increases photoluminescence intensity,suggesting improved light guiding to the NWs.Finally,based on this process,a NW LED was fabricated,which showed good diode performance and a clear electroluminescence signal.We believe the process can expand the fabrication possibilities and improve the performance of optoelectronic nanowire devices. 相似文献
77.
Dorsa Parviz Fahmida Irin Smit A. Shah Sriya Das Charles B. Sweeney Micah J. Green 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2016,28(40):8796-8818
Recent developments in the exfoliation, dispersion, and processing of pristine graphene (i.e., non‐oxidized graphene) are described. General metrics are outlined that can be used to assess the quality and processability of various “graphene” products, as well as metrics that determine the potential for industrial scale‐up. The pristine graphene production process is categorized from a chemical engineering point of view with three key steps: i) pretreatment, ii) exfoliation, and iii) separation. How pristine graphene colloidal stability is distinct from the exfoliation step and is dependent upon graphene interactions with solvents and dispersants are extensively reviewed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of using pristine graphene as nanofillers in polymer composites, as well as as building blocks for macrostructure assemblies are summarized in the context of large‐scale production. 相似文献
78.
Microstructure and Processing of 3D Printed Tungsten Microlattices and Infiltrated W–Cu Composites
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Micha Calvo Adam E. Jakus Ramille N. Shah Ralph Spolenak David C. Dunand 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(9)
79.
This paper studies the relationship between the two parameter fracture model and the size effect model. An equivalency between two models is first established based on infinitely large size specimens. Based on this equivalency, relationships between material fracture parameters (K Ic s , CTODc) and (G f, cf) are derived. Using these relationships, values of (K Ic s , CTODc) and (G f, cf) can be predicted from each other. It is found that the relationship betweenCTOD c andc f theoretically depends on both specimen geometry and initial crack length. However this dependency is numerically insignificant, except for tensile plate with a short center notch. The obtained results may explain why both the two parameter fracture model and the size effect model can reasonably predict fracture behavior of quasi-brittle materials. 相似文献
80.
Shah S. Levine M.D. 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》1996,26(2):259-274
At the retinal level, the strategies utilized by biological visual systems allow them to outperform machine vision systems, serving to motivate the design of electronic or "smart" sensors based on similar principles. Design of such sensors in silicon first requires a model of retinal information processing which captures the essential features exhibited by biological retinas. In this paper, a simple retinal model is presented, which qualitatively accounts for the achromatic information processing in the primate cone system. The computer retina model exhibits many of the properties found in biological retinas such as data reduction through nonuniform sampling, adaptation to a large dynamic range of illumination levels, variation of visual acuity with illumination level, and enhancement of spatiotemporal contrast information. The main emphasis of the model presented here is to demonstrate how different adaptation mechanisms play a role in extending the operating range of the primate retina. 相似文献