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71.
Williams SR Wu JJ Unsworth A Khan I 《Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine》2011,225(8):783-796
The purpose of this study was to compare the wear of zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) and alumina femoral heads tested against as-cast CoCrMo alloy acetabular cups under both standard and severe wear conditions. A new severe test, which included medio-lateral displacement of the head and rim impact upon relocation, was developed. This resulted in an area of metal transfer and an area of increased wear on the superior-anterior segment of the head that were thought to be due to dislocation and rim impact respectively. While the wear of all ceramic heads was immeasurable using the gravimetric method, the wear rates for the metallic cups from each test were readily calculated. An average steady state wear rate of 0.023 +/- 0.005 mm3/10(6) cycles was found for the cups articulating against ZTA under standard wear conditions. A similar result had previously been obtained for the wear of cups articulated against alumina heads of the same size (within the same laboratory). Under severe wear conditions an increase in the metallic cup steady state wear rate was found with the ZTA and alumina tests giving 0.623 +/- 0.252 and 1.35 +/- 0.154 mm3/10(6) cycles respectively. Wear of the ceramic heads was detected using atomic force microscopy which showed, under severe wear conditions, a decrease in polishing marks and occasional grain removal. The surfaces of the ZTA heads tested under standard conditions were virtually unchanged from the unworn samples. Friction tests showed low friction factors for all components, pre and post wear. 相似文献
72.
73.
Stephen Smith David Petty David Trustrum Ashraf Labib Ali Khan 《Robotics and Computer》2008,24(4):579-584
During the late 1990s and early 2000s, the profile of global manufacturing has experienced many changes. There is anecdotal evidence that many western manufacturing companies have chosen to expand their manufacturing base across geographical boundaries. The common reasons sited for these ventures are to exploit less expensive labour markets, to establish a presence in expanding markets and in response to the threat of new competition. Whilst a global manufacturing base can prove to have many cost and sales benefits, there are also many disadvantages. Logistics operations can often increase in complexity leading to higher reliance on planning and effective interpretation of demand data. In response, systems modelling has remerged as a fertile research area after many years. Many modelling and simulation techniques have been developed, but these have had very limited practical success. The authors have identified that majority of these simulation techniques rely upon a detailed market structure being known, when this is rarely the case. This paper describes the outcome of a research project to develop of a pragmatic set of tools to gather, assess and verify supply chain structure data. A hybrid collection of technologies are utilised to assist these operations and to build a dynamic supply network model. 相似文献
74.
M. Sahli C. Roques-Carmes C. Khan Malek J. C. Gelin 《Microsystem Technologies》2008,14(9-11):1545-1551
The possibility to fill cavities of finite geometry could be described using an analytical model of the hot-embossing process of viscoelastic polymers. This model is based on the volume conservation during the forming process which allows to predict data concerning the geometrical evolution of the material on one hand, and on the other hand the filling time of cavities in the mould. A particular attention was drawn on the necessary time to fill the cavities depending on their shape or a scale factor for a given cavity shape. 相似文献
75.
A Cooperative Game Theoretical Technique for Joint Optimization of Energy Consumption and Response Time in Computational Grids 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Khan Samee U. Ahmad Ishfaq 《Parallel and Distributed Systems, IEEE Transactions on》2009,20(3):346-360
With the explosive growth in computers and the growing scarcity in electric supply, reduction of energy consumption in large-scale computing systems has become a research issue of paramount importance. In this paper, we study the problem of allocation of tasks onto a computational grid, with the aim to simultaneously minimize the energy consumption and the makespan subject to the constraints of deadlines and tasks' architectural requirements. We propose a solution from cooperative game theory based on the concept of Nash Bargaining Solution. In this cooperative game, machines collectively arrive at a decision that describes the task allocation that is collectively best for the system, ensuring that the allocations are both energy and makespan optimized. Through rigorous mathematical proofs we show that the proposed cooperative game in mere O(n mlog(m)) time (where n is the number of tasks and m is the number of machines in the system) produces a Nash Bargaining Solution that guarantees Pareto-optimally. The simulation results show that the proposed technique achieves superior performance compared to the Greedy and Linear Relaxation (LR) heuristics, and with competitive performance relative to the optimal solution implemented in LINDO for small-scale problems. 相似文献
76.
Automatic onset detection and picking algorithm has been proposed by applying the spectro-ratio on time–frequency sub-band. The proposed algorithm does not need any parameter settings as it will work on data generated by either short or very broad band seismometers. Our algorithm is applied on local events from Cairo region recorded by three stations of the Egyptian National Seismic Network (ENSN). Maximum standard deviation is observed to be 0.113 s of the corresponding manual picks made by analysts. 相似文献
77.
Extended Kalman filter based speeds estimation of series-connected five-phase two-motor drive system
The multi-phase machines enables independent control of a few number of machines that are connected in series in a particular manner, and the supply is fed from a single voltage source inverter (VSI). The idea was first implemented for a five-phase series-connected two-motor drive system, but is now applicable to any number of phases. The number of series-connected machines is a function of the phase number of VSI. Variable speed induction motor drives without mechanical speed sensors at the motor shaft have the attractions of low cost and high reliability. To replace the sensor, information of the rotor speed is extracted from measured stator currents and voltages at motor terminals. Open-loop estimators or closed-loop observers are used for this purpose. They differ with respect to accuracy, robustness, and sensitivity against model parameter variations. This paper analyses operation of an EKF-based sensorless control of vector controlled series-connected two-motor five-phase drive system with current control in the stationary reference frame. Results, obtained with fixed voltage and fixed frequency supply fed and hysteresis current control, is presented for various operating conditions on the basis of simulation. The purpose of this paper is to report first time, the simulation results on a sensorless control of a five-phase two-motor series-connected drive system using EKF estimator. 相似文献
78.
An integrated fiber-optic probe comprising a short length of multimode fiber that is fusion spliced to a monomode optical fiber has been fabricated for imaging and nonimaging applications. The fiber probe, typically 250 μm in diameter, can deliver a focused Gaussian spot approximately 25 μm in diameter at a distance of approximately 500 μm from the tip. Two off-the-shelf graded-index multimode fibers have been used in the fabrication of imaging and nonimaging probes. These integrated probes have considerably improved the spatial resolution of backscatter lensless fiber probes being utilized in the dynamic light-scattering characterization of colloidal suspension. 相似文献
79.
KS Khan 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,15(2):218-225
The relation of epidemiology and ethics is discussed from a Third World perspective, including the following issues: the structure and dynamics of a Third World Society; the nature of the relationship between the First World "islanders" in the Third World and their counterparts in the First World, and between the "islanders" and their fellow citizens; the inner dynamics of Third World researchers; the different knowledge systems; and the role of institutions in the Third World and the First World. 相似文献
80.
Mohibullah Khan Ata Ullah Isra Naz Sajjad Haider Nz Jhanji Mohammad Shorfuzzaman Mehedi Masud 《计算机系统科学与工程》2023,46(1):461-473
The deep learning model encompasses a powerful learning ability that integrates the feature extraction, and classification method to improve accuracy. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) perform well in machine learning and image processing tasks like segmentation, classification, detection, identification, etc. The CNN models are still sensitive to noise and attack. The smallest change in training images as in an adversarial attack can greatly decrease the accuracy of the CNN model. This paper presents an alpha fusion attack analysis and generates defense against adversarial attacks. The proposed work is divided into three phases: firstly, an MLSTM-based CNN classification model is developed for classifying COVID-CT images. Secondly, an alpha fusion attack is generated to fool the classification model. The alpha fusion attack is tested in the last phase on a modified LSTM-based CNN (CNN-MLSTM) model and other pre-trained models. The results of CNN models show that the accuracy of these models dropped greatly after the alpha-fusion attack. The highest F1 score before the attack was achieved is 97.45 And after the attack lowest F1 score recorded is 22%. Results elucidate the performance in terms of accuracy, precision, F1 score and Recall. 相似文献