Special Features of Fracture of Steels from Partially-Alloyed Powders

Special features of fracture of structural steels 45N2D2M and 45N4D2M manufactured by pressing with subsequent sintering from partially alloyed iron powders are studied. Impact bending tests of specimens with different levels of retained porosity show two kinds of fracture, i.e., intraparticle cleavage and interparticle dimple fracture. In addition, the surfaces of the “initial” pores come out to the fracture surface. Other conditions being equal, growth in porosity decreases the proportion of the brittle component of fracture and decreases the critical brittle point.     

Metal fusion by laser radiation action in an oxidizing medium

Results are presented from a calculation of fusion of a massive zirconium plate under the action of laser radiation with consideration of simultaneous surface oxidation.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 11–14, July, 1991.     

Circular core polarization-maintaining optical fibers withelliptical stress-induced cladding

The reproducible technology for producing high-birefringence fibers with stress-induced elliptical cladding and circular core is described. The authors have obtained fibers that have a birefringence of about (1-3) 10^-4, a mode coupling parameter of about (2-7) 10 ^-5 m^-1, and loss of less than 0.5 dB/km at 1.6 μm. The authors have found effects restricting the capability of test fibers to maintain the state of linear polarization     

A methodology for the performance evaluation of data querystrategies in universal mobile telecommunication systems (UMTS)

The anticipated emergence of third-generation mobile systems, referred to as universal mobile telecommunication systems (UMTS), raises the problem of reconsidering the design of the databases destined to contain the user information. In particular, it is expected that the key concepts of the new database architectures will be high distribution and fast updating of information. So far, the problem of determining the most appropriate distributed database (DDB) architectures for third-generation mobile systems has not been widely dealt with in literature. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating hierarchical DDB architectures by means of an analytical model of the data querying operation. This methodology allows for structural alternatives, differing on account of the number of levels and branches in the hierarchy, to be evaluated in terms of query loads and mean response times, according to a given user mobility characterization and a given search protocol operation. By way of illustration, the paper discusses a case study, concerning a query operation arising from a location updating procedure and applied to a hierarchical tree-like DDB in which some structural alternatives are considered     

Evaluation of ecological effectiveness for dust-separation systems

Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftyanoe Mashinostroenie, No. 5, pp. 30–31, May, 1992.     

Oblique flow impinging on a wall with suction or blowing

Summary The oblique flow of a viscous fluid impinging on a flat wall with suction or blowing is studied. It is found that when suction is applied the fluid penetrates the wall while blowing causes the shifting of the stagnation point. It is also found that this shifting depends upon the magnitude of the blowing.     

Two bit correlation-an adaptive time delay estimation

Time delay estimation is a very important operation in ultrasound time-domain flow mapping and correction of phase aberration of an array transducer. As the interest increases in the application of one and a half-dimensional (1.5-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) array transducers to improving image quality and three-dimensional (3-D) imaging, the need of simple, fast, and sufficiently accurate algorithms for real-time time delay estimation becomes exceedingly crucial. In this paper, we present an adaptive time-delay estimation algorithm which minimizes the problem of noise sensitivity associated with the one bit correlation while retaining simplicity in implementation. This algorithm converts each sample datum into a two bit representation including the sign of the sample and an adaptively selected threshold. A bit pattern correlation operation is applied to find the time delay between two engaged signals. By using the criterion of misregistration as an indicator, we are able to show that the proposed algorithm is better than one bit correlation in susceptibility to noise level. Analytical results show that the improvement in reducing misregistration of the two bit correlation over its counterpart is consistent over a wide range of noise level. This is achieved by an adaptive adjustment of the threshold to accommodate signal corruption due to noise. The analytical results are corroborated by results from simulating the blood as a random distribution of red blood cells. Finally, we also present a memory-based architecture to implement the two bit correlation algorithm whose computation time does not depend upon the time delay of the signals to be correlated