Characterization of Fenugreek (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Trigonella foenum-graecum</Emphasis>) Seed Lipids

The composition and content of lipids, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, tocopherols and sterols in nine fenugreek genotypes were analyzed. Lipid content in fenugreek seeds ranged from 5.8 to 15.2%. Major fatty acids were: linoleic acid (45.1–47.5%), α-linolenic (18.3–22.8%), oleic (12.4–17.0%), palmitic (9.8–11.2%) and stearic (3.8–4.2%) acids. The ratios of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids were between 2.1 and 2.7. Similar fatty acid distribution was observed in all analyzed samples with some deviations. α-Tocopherol was the predominant component found in the fenugreek lipid antioxidants, and it constituted over 84% of the total amounts of tocopherols. It amounts ranged from 620 to 910 mg/kg lipids. β-Sitosterol was the major sterol in all samples, varying from 14,203 to 18,833 mg/kg of lipids. Campesterol and cycloartenol were other major sterols, and these compounds including β-sitosterol constituted 56–72% of all sterols. Fenugreek seed lipids consisted predominantly triunsaturated (56.9–66.5%) and diunsaturated (32.2–41.6%) triacylglycerides. Among these components trilinolein (LLL; 12.9–20.5%) dominated followed by PLL (14.0–20.4%), LnLnO (7.8–17.7%), PLO (5.7–11.6%), OLL (6.9–10.6%), LLLn (3.2–9.6%), and LnLnL (3.5–7.6%). Results of the study show that fenugreek seed lipids may be a source of a nutraceutical ingredient for food applications.     

Calculations of neutron-induced production cross-sections of W up to 20 MeV

Neutron-induced cross-sections for the stable isotopes ^{180,182,183,184,186}W in the energy region up to 20 MeV have been calculated. Calculations were made with the codes CEM03.01 and ALICE/ASH, using the following models: the Dubna version of the intranuclear cascade model for the cascade stage of interaction; the hybrid, the geometry dependent hybrid and the exciton model for the pre-equilibrium component; the Hauser–Feshbach and the Weisskopf–Ewing statistical models for the equilibrium component. Effects of some important model parameters such as level density parameter and pairing correction were investigated. Calculated cross-sections were compared with available experimental data in the literature and with ENDF/B-VI T = 300 K and JENDL-3.3 T = 300 K evaluated data libraries.     

Improved interfacial adhesion with the help of functional polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes in silicone rubber/rayon fiber composites: Physical,mechanical, thermal,and morphological properties

The aim of this article is to improve the interfacial adhesion between silicone rubber (SR) and Rayon fiber by the help of functional hybrid POSS nanoparticles. Two POSS types were compared, octavinyl-POSS (O-POSS) and methacryl-POSS (M-POSS), having reactive  CC double bonds that can impart in peroxide crosslinking. O-POSS is nonpolar, whereas M-POSS is polar and is able to make H-bond with Rayon fibers. POSS type and their concentrations were examined as the experimental parameters. H-adhesion tests indicated that both POSS types enhanced the adhesion of SR composites to Rayon fibers compared with control recipe. Specifically, slightly higher values were obtained with the use of M-POSS. It was observed that both O-POSS and M-POSS slowed down the curing rate but increased the degree of crosslinking. The cure extent of O-POSS containing composites was found to be higher than that of M-POSS containing ones. Thermal gravimetric analyses revealed that thermal stability of SR composites was significantly improved by the addition of POSS particles. Higher char yield and degradation temperatures were obtained with O-POSS at higher loadings with respect to M-POSS. The POSS distribution at lower loading levels was found to be homogenous for both POSS types as observed from scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope.     

Correlations of in situ modulus of deformation with elastic modulus of intact core specimens and RMR values of andesitic rocks: a case study of the İzmir subway line

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - The main purpose of this paper is to obtain the rock mass rating (RMR) from different methods considering either the elastic modulus of intact...     

Effect of Ni Addition on the Morphology and Microstructure of Both Conventional Cast and Melt-Spun of Al–Si–Fe–Nb (at wt%) Alloy

Metals and Materials International - In this project the morphology and microstructure of both conventional cast and melt spun of Al–20Si–9Fe–1.2Nb and...     

Investigation of thermoluminescence properties of metal oxide doped lithium triborate

In this study, lithium triborate (LiB₃O₅) doped with different metal oxides were investigated to explore its thermoluminescence properties. Solid-state reaction method was employed for the synthesis of the desired materials. The formation of the produced phases was confirmed by Powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared (IR), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examinations. It was found that, CuO and Al₂O₃ doped lithium triborate samples exhibit very significant thermoluminescence glow curves to be promising dosimetric material.     

Volatile compounds of olive oils from different geographic regions in Turkey

In this research, changes in volatile compounds of olive oil were investigated in terms of cultivar, harvest year, and geographic regions (Mediterranean, Aegean, Southeastern Anatolia, Marmara, and Black Sea) were investigated. Volatile compounds of olive oils were extracted by using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method and were identified with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A total of 59 volatile compounds from seven different chemical groups including aldehydes, ketones, hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, terpenes, and furans were identified. Aldehydes were detected as the major group in all geographic regions. Among aldehydes, trans-2-hexenal was found to be relatively higher. Alcohols and esters were determined as other important compounds. While many volatile compounds were affected by olive cultivar factor, this factor had no significant effect on esters. Principal component analysis showed that volatile compounds could play an important role in the separation of regions.