Bubble rupture in a vibrated liquid under microgravity

The response of an air bubble surrounded by a liquid in a sealed cell submitted to vibrations was investigated experimentally under microgravity conditions and compared to experiments under normal gravity conditions. As in normal gravity [1], it was observed that the bubble split into smaller parts when the acceleration of the vibrations reached a threshold. This threshold in microgravity is substantially smaller than that in normal gravity. Experimental results are presented in terms of an acceleration based Bond number which has been found to characterize the bubble behaviour in the laboratory experiments [1].     

High pass filter with above IC integrated SrTiO3 high K MIM capacitors

This paper describes realization and characterization of SrTiO₃ (STO) high K MIM capacitors above BiCMOS integrated circuit (IC). These capacitances are connected to IC and are used as coupling capacitors in order to realize a high pass filter. Surface capacitance achieved is 10 nF/mm² with capacitance value of 1.2 nF. The process for STO MIM fabrication does not exceed 400 °C, which is compatible with interconnections. Typical K and dielectric losses values obtained are, respectively 110% and 2%. Yield obtained reaches 83% for capacitors. A functional high pass filter using these STO capacitors was realized in this study. It exhibits a cut-off frequency at 6.5 kHz and a constant gain at higher frequencies of −1.3 dB.     

A survey on resource allocation in high performance distributed computing systems

An efficient resource allocation is a fundamental requirement in high performance computing (HPC) systems. Many projects are dedicated to large-scale distributed computing systems that have designed and developed resource allocation mechanisms with a variety of architectures and services. In our study, through analysis, a comprehensive survey for describing resource allocation in various HPCs is reported. The aim of the work is to aggregate under a joint framework, the existing solutions for HPC to provide a thorough analysis and characteristics of the resource management and allocation strategies. Resource allocation mechanisms and strategies play a vital role towards the performance improvement of all the HPCs classifications. Therefore, a comprehensive discussion of widely used resource allocation strategies deployed in HPC environment is required, which is one of the motivations of this survey. Moreover, we have classified the HPC systems into three broad categories, namely: (a) cluster, (b) grid, and (c) cloud systems and define the characteristics of each class by extracting sets of common attributes. All of the aforementioned systems are cataloged into pure software and hybrid/hardware solutions. The system classification is used to identify approaches followed by the implementation of existing resource allocation strategies that are widely presented in the literature.     

DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF INDUCTION MOTORS WITH DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALGORITHMS WITH AN APPLICATION IN TEXTILE SPINNING

This article deals with the design optimization of a squirrel-cage three-phase induction motor, selected as the driving power of spinning machines in the textile industry, using three newly developed versions of differential evolution (DE) algorithms called modified DE versions (CMDE, GMDE, and LMDE). Efficiency, which decides the operating or running cost of the motor (industry), is considered as the objective function. First, the algorithms are applied to design a general purpose motor with seven variables and nine performance-related parameters with their nominal values as constraints. To make the machine feasible, practically acceptable to serve in textile industries, and less costly to operate, certain constraints are modified in accordance with the demands of the spinning application. Comparison of the optimum designs with the industrial (existing) motor reveals that the motor designed by the proposed algorithms consumes less power input.     

Prediction of water temperature heterogeneity of braided rivers using very high resolution thermal infrared (TIR) images

Braided rivers exhibit high spatial thermal heterogeneity that is difficult to understand using only in situ measurements. In this summer study, we used a drone and a powered paraglider to acquire very high spatial resolution (14–27 cm) thermal infrared (TIR) images of nine braided reaches located in the French Alps. We applied atmospheric corrections to TIR images and calibrated them based on in situ data. To characterize spatial and temporal thermal patterns, three temporal approaches were applied. A single survey of each site was performed to comparatively explore the nine braided reaches. Three reaches were imaged twice, in 2010 and 2011, to explore inter-annual variability. Finally, two reaches were selected for an intra-day survey for which four and three flights, respectively, were realized within one day. We reported two types of thermal patterns in braided reaches, the first showing very low thermal variability throughout the day. This low variability was linked to the low diversity found in the aquatic habitat, notably due to proglacial regimes with high summer flows which homogenize water temperatures. The second type exhibited a higher thermal variability with changes during the day. The temperature of flowing channels changed during the daytime according to air temperature. In contrast, the temperature of channels downstream connected to the main network exhibited smaller changes, which created thermal variability over space and time associated with hyporheic or phreatic flows. Non-proglacial and proglacial reaches behaved differently according to air temperature. Proglacial reaches were colder and less sensitive to air temperature in comparison with non-proglacial reaches. These findings allow for a prediction of habitat diversity from temperature heterogeneity based on time and the proportion of ponds, alluvial, and groundwater channels.     

Boundary‐Aware Extinction Mapping

We introduce Boundary‐Aware Extinction Maps for interactive rendering of massive heterogeneous volumetric datasets. Our approach is based on the projection of the extinction along light rays into a boundary‐aware function space, focusing on the most relevant sections of the light paths. This technique also provides an alternative representation of the set of participating media, allowing scattering simulation methods to be applied on arbitrary volume representations. Combined with a simple out‐of‐core rendering framework, Boundary‐Aware Extinction Maps are valuable tools for interactive applications as well as production previsualization and rendering.     

便携式电子设备中的立体声

手机等便携式电子产品正集成越来越多的多媒体功能，这引起了人们对增加立体声功能的极大兴趣。单声道结构用于声音放大及和弦铃声，在某些情况下可用作免提扬声器。虽然功能已足够，但这并非是令人满意的高质量音乐播放解决方案。     

Solid state transformations of Au-Cu-Pt alloys studied by in-situ X-ray synchrotron radiation and DSC

Seven alloys of the ternary Au-Cu-Pt system, containing 75 or 76.5 wt.% Au with 0–15 wt.% Pt and heat-treated to a fully ordered condition, are examined using in-situ synchrotron radiation to determine transformation temperatures and phases formed, and to investigate mechanisms of ordering and disordering. These experiments are complemented by differential scanning calorimetry. Diffraction data show that the alloys can be separated into three groups according to their stable low-temperature ordered phase(s), namely L1₀, L1₂, or the two combined. Platinum increases transformation temperatures in comparison with binary AuCu, two-phase ordered alloys showing the highest transformation temperatures. Details of the evolution of the X-ray diffraction peak structures upon heating and cooling point to significant differences between mechanisms of disordering and ordering: whereas ordering visibly proceeds at significant undercooling by nucleation and growth, disordering appears, from the visible shifts in peak position, to progress in more homogeneous fashion within the alloy.