Loglinear models: A way to study main effects and interactions for multidimensional contingency tables with categorical data.

Until recently, behavioral researchers failed to examine categorical data based on multidimensional data in a unified whole because of the complex arithmetic such procedures entail. With the appearance of the loglinear model and user-friendly computer software, the problems associated with the analysis of multifaceted contingency tables no longer exist. In this article, we describe the loglinear model and apply it to categorical data cross-tabulated on four dimensions. We define contrasts similar to those of the analysis of variance and describe post hoc and planned comparison strategies. We illustrate hypothesis testing and model building for categorical data, and provide guidelines for performing an analysis on frequency data by using the loglinear model. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Designing the MPC105 PCI bridge/memory controller

The MPC105 peripheral component interconnection bridge/memory controller provides a platform-specification-compliant bridge between Power PC microprocessors and the PCI bus. With it, designers can create systems using peripherals already designed for a variety of standard PC interfaces. This bridge chip also integrates a secondary cache controller and high-performance memory controller that supports DRAM or synchronous DRAM and ROM or flash ROM     

Adolescent-centered family integrated philosophy and treatment.

With adolescents and their families, an important approach to use is a combination of psychodynamic underpinnings when evaluating the individual's inner world and a systemic component of looking at the interrelation between members of the family in a multigenerational manner. Differentiation of the individual and system is demonstrated through the use of individual and family sessions. Two clinical cases are presented to demonstrate this treatment approach. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE GROWTH OF SMALL CORNER FATIGUE CRACKS IN ALUMINIUM 6061-T651

Results of an experimental investigation of the fatigue growth of small corner cracks emanating from small flaws are presented. Growth-arrest behaviour was observed, and increases in crack length during growth periods were of the order of the transverse grain size. For the test material, the corner crack front intersects, on average, only three–six grains in the small crack regime monitored, so only a small number of constrained, interior grains is encountered. It is suggested that the presence of partially constrained surface grains may contribute to the 'anomalous' growth behaviour which has been observed by a number of investigators.
The crack growth histories of the test data presented exhibit considerable scatter. It is shown that a Student's t -test can be used to estimate confidence intervals in order to provide a measure of the observed scatter. The variation in confidence intervals in the transition from small to long fatigue crack growth is discussed.     

Network politics in an educational organization

The electronic mail (EM) network in a large, multi-campus community college district was used by some employees to gain support for positions contrary to those of the leadership. The case study offered an opportunity to look at technology within an organizational setting. It raised questions about the loose coupling of the educational organization's technical and authority systems, about the strength of coupling among employee groups during the incident, about the boundaries of the EM political activists, and about the power manifested within educational organization's technical and authority systems. A variety of research methods (stages of event progression, fantasy types associated with consciousness-building, and evidence of user technical and rhetorical skills) were used to answer questions about the organization's loosely coupled systems during the EM political incident. Notes were taken of conversations and more formal interviews. From this the technical and authority systems of the institution were described and compared. Results indicated that (1) the loose coupling of the technical and the authority systems made the EM political incident possible; (2) employees were more tightly coupled on organizational goals and more loosely coupled on organizational means; (3) political activists did not make full use of the EM's political medium potential; and (4) when the college district's administration refused to limit anyone's use of the EM network, they reinforced the integrity of both the authority and the technical systems.

Implications included: (1) the potential of some of the research methods for EM study, especially fantasy theme analysis; (2) a political interpretation of EM language, especially flaming; (3) the importance of technical and rhetorical skills for mature EM users; and (4) the role of the authority and technical systems in the debate about appropriate EM network use within an organization.     

EUC BECOMES ENTERPRISE COMPUTING

Client/server, open systems, joint application development, and legacy systems—what happens when the silver bullet meets the glass house? And what does all of this have to do with end-user computing, anyway? Read this column and find out.     

Limited width parallel prefix circuits

In this paper, we present lower and upper bounds on the size of limited width, bounded and unbounded fan-out parallel prefix circuits. The lower bounds on the sizes of such circuits are a function of the depth, width, and number of inputs. The size requirement of an N input bounded fan-out parallel prefix circuit having limited width W and extra depth k (the difference between allowed and minimum possible depth) is shown to be (N log₂ W/2 ^k + N) for k log₂ W. This implies that insisting on minimum depth causes the circuit size to be nonlinear, while as little as log₂log₂ W of extra depth can possibly reduce the size to linear. Also, we show that there is a clear difference between the two cases of bounded and unbounded fan-out by proving the size of a limited width, unbounded fan-out parallel prefix circuit lies between a lower bound of ((2 + 2^1–k /3)N) and an upper bound of O((2 + 2^1–k )N).Uniform, systolic constructions of limited width parallel prefix circuits are provided here and shown to be asymptotically optimal. By associating the width of the circuit with the number of processors and the fan-out capabilities of the circuit with the interconnection structure of a multiprocessor, time- and processor-efficient algorithms may be developed.     

Handling Transitive Relations in First-Order Automated Reasoning

We present a number of alternative ways of handling transitive binary relations that commonly occur in first-order problems, in particular equivalence relations, total orders, and transitive relations in general. We show how such relations can be discovered syntactically in an input theory, and how they can be expressed in alternative ways. We experimentally evaluate different such ways on problems from the TPTP, using resolution-based reasoning tools as well as instance-based tools. Our conclusions are that (1) it is beneficial to consider different treatments of binary relations as a user, and that (2) reasoning tools could benefit from using a preprocessor or even built-in support for certain types of binary relations.

     

Connecting the dots: Understanding the interrelated impacts of type,quality and children's awareness of design features and the mathematics content learning goals in digital math games and related learning outcomes

This study focused on an examination of how type, quality and children's awareness of design features in digital math games, along with an awareness of the mathematics goals of the game, were related to learning outcomes. We conducted a parallel conversion mixed methods study with 45 students in Grades 3 and 4 (ages 9–10). Students participated in clinical interviews using three digital math games. The results suggest a moderated mediation relationship in which the quality of the design features moderated the mediating impact of children's awareness of the game's design features, specifically when the child was aware of the mathematics content learning goal (MCLG) of the game. These findings show how important it is that design features are of high quality in a digital math game, and how this is intertwined with children's awareness of the features and the MCLG. When these variables intertwined in just the right way, the interactions between the children and the digital math game afforded mathematical learning growth.