T302锌锰系脱硫剂脱除H_2S在的宏观动力学

用热重法研究了T302锌锰系脱硫剂脱除H_2S的宏观动力学行为.实验表明,该过程对H_2S为一级反应.在200～400℃的温度范围,反应初期为表面反应控制,中后期转移为颗粒扩散控制.宏观动力学行为可用等效粒子模型来描述.表面反应及固体扩散活化能分别为11.842、20.865kJ/mol.对反应存在最佳温度及固体扩散活化能大于表面反应活化能进行了讨论.     

嗜单宁管囊酵母木糖酒精发酵的研究

综合利用丰富、廉价且可再生的农作物秸秆资源生产酒精的研究已经渐渐成为全球范围的热点之一。文章研究了嗜单宁管囊酵母木糖酒精发酵的发酵性能,分离、筛选、驯化培养出一株高效木糖酒精发酵菌株 g-13,在最适条件下其木糖酒精发酵的转化率为 0.446 g/g(酒精/消耗的糖),为发酵秸秆纤维水解液中的戊糖生产燃料酒精提供菌种支持。     

安徽省农业旱灾脆弱性综合分析与评价

旱灾是影响安徽省农业特别是粮食生产可持续发展的重要制约因素。在相同致灾强度下,灾情会随灾害脆弱性的增强而加重,因此,研究农业旱灾脆弱性对安徽省防灾减灾和农业可持续发展具有特别重要意义。根据影响旱灾脆弱性的因素和指标体系选取的原则,选择了旱灾面积比、森林覆盖率、农村人均收入等9个指标,采用加权综合评价方法对各市旱灾脆弱性进行分析,并利用聚类分析方法进行旱灾脆弱性区划。结果表明,除合肥市、阜阳市、池州市、宿州市和黄山市5个市需要采取措施降低旱灾脆弱度外,安徽省总体上农业旱灾脆弱性较弱,有较强的抗旱承灾能力。     

吉林省中小流域经验模型的应用探讨

由于中小河流水文站点多数都属于无资料站,所以用传统的经验相关或者流域水文模型有一定难度。吉林省水文水资源局水情预报中心的工作者根据多年预报经验总结提出吉林省中小流域经验模型。该方法主要依据流域特征以及降雨和洪峰流量的关系,推算流域产流;再根据时段降雨按照产流过程叠加处理,概化流量过程,进行洪水预报。属于产汇流一体的流量过程计算模型。     

乙酸乙烯合成用废催化剂提锌机理研究

选择微波辐射预处理废催化剂,可以显著提高锌的浸出率。采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对微波辐射预处理前后和浸出前后的物相及废催化剂形貌进行了表征。废催化剂原料以乙酸锌和活性炭为主。经过微波辐射预处理后,发生了物相变化,废催化剂中以碳和氧化锌为主要物相,并且活性炭孔道打开,氧化锌吸附于废催化剂表面和孔道中,大大提高了与浸出剂的接触面积。浸出后,废催化剂中以碳为主要物相,实现了氧化锌与碳的有效分离。     

纳米陶瓷及其纳米复相陶瓷的研究现状

综述了纳米陶瓷和纳米复相陶瓷的的研究现状．探讨了纳米陶瓷的力学性能及其热喷涂纳米陶瓷涂层存在的问题．分析了纳米复相陶瓷的增韧机理，为纳米陶瓷的研究和应用提供了理论依据。     

语文教学中的质疑与思辩

法国作家莫泊桑的《项链》,在中国的名气可谓不小.它被称为莫泊桑的代表作之一,又被誉为世界著名短篇小说,似乎已无可争议,因此多年来稳稳地列于高中语文教科书之中.所可争议者,比较多的是小说的主人公玛蒂尔德和小说的主题.     

Estimating discharge in gravel‐bed river using non‐contact ground‐penetrating and surface‐velocity radars

Discharge measurement is a critical task for gravel‐bed channels. Under high‐flow conditions, the elevation of the riverbed changes significantly by intensive torrential flow. The stage–discharge relations commonly used for stream discharge estimation may no longer be adequate. The contact‐type velocity measuring is also subject to measurement errors and/or instrument failures by the high‐flow velocities, driftwood, stumps, and debris. This study developed a new real‐time method to estimate river discharge in gravel‐bed channels. A systematic measuring technology combining ground‐penetrating radar and surface‐velocity radar was employed. The rating curves representing the relations of water surface velocity to the channel cross‐sectional mean velocity and flow area were established. Stream discharge was then deduced from the resulting mean velocity and flow area. The proposed method was examined in a steep gravel‐bed reach of the Cho‐Shui River in central Taiwan. The estimated stream discharge during three flood events were compared to the prediction by using the stage–discharge relation and the index‐velocity method. The proposed method of this study is capable of computing reasonable values of discharge for an entire flood hydrograph, whereas the other two methods tend to produce large extrapolation errors. Moreover, when the computed discharge is used in 2D flood flow simulation, the proposed method demonstrates better performance than the commonly used stage–discharge and index‐velocity methods.     

Maximum principle for mean-field jump–diffusion stochastic delay differential equations and its application to finance

This paper investigates a stochastic optimal control problem with delay and of mean-field type, where the controlled state process is governed by a mean-field jump–diffusion stochastic delay differential equation. Two sufficient maximum principles and one necessary maximum principle are established for the underlying system. As an application, a bicriteria mean–variance portfolio selection problem with delay is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness and potential of the proposed techniques. Under certain conditions, explicit expressions are provided for the efficient portfolio and the efficient frontier, which are as elegant as those in the classical mean–variance problem without delays.     

Continuous finite element schemes for a phase field model in two-layer fluid Bénard–Marangoni convection computations

In this article, we study a phase field model for a two-layer fluid where the temperature dependence of both the density (buoyancy forces) and the surface tension (Marangoni effects) is considered. The phase field model consisting of a modified Navier–Stokes equation, a Cahn–Hilliard phase field equation and an energy transport equation is derived through an energetic variational procedure. An appropriate variational form and a continuous finite element method are adopted to maintain the underlying energy law to its greatest extent. A few examples for Bénard–Marangoni convection in an Acetonitrile and n-Hexane two-layer fluid system heated from above will be computed to justify our phase field model and further show the good performance of our methods. In addition, an interesting experiment will be performed to show the competition between the Marangoni effects and the buoyancy forces.