Low prevalence of VHSV detected in round goby collected in offshore regions of Lake Ontario

Since the first reports of mortalities due to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) type IVb in the Laurentian Great Lakes basin during 2005 (Lake St. Clair, USA and Bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario, Canada), many groups have conducted surveillance efforts for the virus, primarily in nearshore areas. The round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) has been identified as a key species to target for surveillance, because they have a very high probability of infection at a given site. Our objective in this study was to document and quantify VHSV in round gobies in offshore waters of Lake Ontario using molecular techniques. We collected 139 round gobies from depths ranging from 55 to 150 m using bottom trawls during the early spring of 2011 and detected VHSV in 4 individuals (1/26 fish at 95 m, 2/12 fish at 105 m, and 1/24 fish at 135 m). These results expand the known depth range of VHSV in the Great Lakes. They also have implications on the management of the spread of VHSV within infected bodies of water related to the mixing of populations of fish that would remain distinct in their breeding habitats, but then have the opportunity to mix in their overwintering habitats, as well as to increase overlap of predator and prey species in overwintering habitats.     

Environmental change in Lake Champlain revealed by long-term monitoring

Long-term monitoring data on Lake Champlain spanning the past two to five decades were analyzed to document water quality and biological changes in the lake. August mean surface water temperatures increased during 1964–2009 in most Lake Champlain regions at rates (0.035–0.085 °C/year) similar to what has been observed in the Laurentian Great Lakes and elsewhere. Secchi disk transparency increased by over a meter during 1964–2009 in regions along the main stem of the lake, with much of the increase occurring after the 1993 zebra mussel invasion. Transparency declined in northeastern regions where zebra mussel densities were lower. No trends in hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen concentrations or depletion rates were found in any of the deep lake regions during 1990–2009. Sodium concentrations tripled in the Main Lake region since the 1960s. Chloride increased in the Main Lake by 30% since 1992, but declined in northeastern regions of the lake during recent years, coincident with reductions in road salt use in Vermont. Total phosphorus concentrations decreased during 1979–2009 in southern and northwestern lake regions, but increased by 72% in Missisquoi Bay where chlorophyll-a concentrations doubled over the period. There was a general lakewide trend of decreasing total nitrogen levels during 1992–2009 that may have been due in part to reductions in atmospheric nitrogen loading to the watershed. Cyanobacteria increased their dominance within the phytoplankton community in northeastern regions of the lake since the 1970s.     

全固态小型化大功率交流稳压器研究：——数控步进补偿型交流稳压器

本文介绍一种数控步进补偿型交流稳压器，它具有效率高、附加波形失真小、响应速度快、可靠性高、可维修性好及轻小等优点，是电机驱动－－自耦变压器补偿型的升级换代产品。     

The traditional Mestizo view: Implications for modern psychotherapeutic interventions.

Provides mental health professionals with an overview of basic Mestizo tenets. Fundamental issues such as the Mestizo perception of health, the mind–body relationship, metaphysics, and family and community factors are discussed to increase therapeutic sensitivity when working with Mestizos. Suggestions for dealing with these factors are outlined. A holographic model is suggested as a Western-based means of understanding the Mestizo perspective. A holographic paradigm is also recommended as a unifying conceptual model between the 2 divergent world views. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Selective sparing after lesions of visual cortex in newborn kittens.

Previous findings are discordant regarding the effects of perinatal lesions of Cortical Areas 17 and 18 on visual discrimination learning in cats. Three potential determinants of such sparing were investigated: age at lesion (4 or 181 days), age at testing (3 or 9 months), and stimulus complexity. Age at testing was not significant, but performance varied with stimulus complexity and cortical damage, and there was an interaction between stimulus complexity and age at lesion. Both operated groups were transiently impaired in discriminating objects and subsequently learned to discriminate simple 2-dimensional patterns as well as done by controls, but the lesion groups were permanently impaired in discriminating similiar patterns circumscribed by irrelevant lines. The age-at-lesion groups differed, however, in discriminating patterns masked by superimposed lines. The group lesioned at 181 days was severely impaired at both acquisition and subsequent intercurrent performance; the group lesioned at 4 days was impaired only at intercurrent performance. This study suggests that sparing after early postnatal damage of Areas 17 and 18 occurs only under limited circumstances. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Selective Representing and World-Making

In this paper, we discuss the thesis of selective representing –- the idea that the contents of the mental representations had by organisms are highly constrained by the biological niches within which the organisms evolved. While such a thesis has been defended by several authors elsewhere, our primary concern here is to take up the issue of the compatibility of selective representing and realism. In this paper we hope to show three things. First, that the notion of selective representing is fully consistent with the realist idea of a mind-independent world. Second, that not only are these two consistent, but that the latter (the realist conception of a mind-independent world) provides the most powerful perspective from which to motivate and understand the differing perceptual and cognitive profiles themselves. And third, that the (genuine and important) sense in which organism and environment may together constitute an integrated system of scientific interest poses no additional threat to the realist conception.     

SOC设计复杂性以及IP复用方法

各电子公司正在转向生产采用数字融合技术的产品,这就要求设计者在6~9个月的设计周期内即能提供功能空前复杂的集成电路和片上系统(SystemsonChip,SoC),而且以大批量销售价格供货。这些芯片已经应用于流行的、面向消费者的手持式计算、多媒体和互联网驱动通信产品。SoC设计的复杂性基于SoC概念的设计复杂性,给项目小组带来了巨大的挑战,因为在一个典型系统中将包含众多的功能模块。对于目标系统这样复杂的项目来说,如果要从头设计,即使是人数最多、最有经验而且最为能干的项目团队也是难以胜任的。某种形式的电路知识产权(IP)复用机制已…     

A mass- spectrometric investigation of the high temperature thermodynamic stabilities of Pd- Ti alloys

From the Kundsen cell mass-spectrometric investigation of Pd-rich liquid alloys of Ti, the Gibbs energies of formation of TiPd and TiPd3 at 1873 K have been derived as -67 ± 8 and -56 ± 8 kj/g atom, respectively. The corresponding enthalpies of formation at 298 K are estimated to be -80 ± 10 and -70 ± kjJg atom. The stabilities of some Ti-X systems, with X = Fe, Ni, Pd and Pt, are compared and correlated with the extent of electron transfer which is consistent with the Engel-Brewer concepts of alloying behavior in transition metals. Formerly with Texas A & M University.