一种基于全IP蜂窝网络的实时业务传输机制*

针对无线蜂窝网络和Internet的业务特点,分析了在信道带宽有限、传输误码率高的无线网络中传输基于IP的实时业务所面临的问题.针对下一代蜂窝网络中基于IP技术实现多媒体业务要求,从无线网络上实际传送的码流角度,结合ROHC机制提出一种在信道传输速率不变的条件下,提高码流传输效率的方法,并且探究了空中链路的全IP机制.从采样编码后输出的净码流和经过封装后的码流两个角度来分析,提出了高效的针对全IP的蜂窝网络的实时交互式语音业务的新方案.     

基于演化算法的奇偶校验器自动设计*

基于演化算法技术,提出一种新的设计思想,实现奇偶校验器的电路自动设计.实验证明,多目标演化算法具有较少的运算量和较高的效率,能自动设计出使用逻辑门数更少、延时更小的奇偶校验器.     

Design and experimental study of a compact quasi-zero-stiffness isolator using wave springs

Science China Technological Sciences - The quasi-zero-stiffness (QZS) vibration isolation has been proven to be an effective way to isolate low-frequency vibration. However, most of the existing...     

Visualization study on atomization characteristics and heat transfer performance of R1336mzz flash spray cooling

Visualization experiments are carried out to investigate the atomization characteristics of R1336mzz flash spray cooling. The influences of superheat, spray distance, and nozzle orifice diameter on spray cooling performance are analyzed experimentally. As the superheat increases, finer droplets and thinner liquid film are observed; this is helpful to improve the two-phase heat transfer efficiency. Enlarging atomization angle under high superheat is also observed for flash spray cooling, and it benefits for reducing the spray distance. It can be found that when the inlet superheat is 19.8°C and the spray distance is 6 mm, the critical heat flux (CHF) reaches 251 W/cm² and the maximum heat transfer coefficient (HTC) reaches 37.4 kW/(m² °C), which are 55% and 11.6% higher than those when the inlet subcooling is 6.9°C and the spray distance is 12 mm, respectively. Using flash spray reduces the spray distance, which benefits for designing compact spray cooling device. In addition, the nozzle orifice diameter has great influence on the cooling performance of flash spray, and the choice of the nozzle depends on the superheat. This study provides a physical insight into the heat transfer enhancement in flash spray cooling.

     

乳液流体在石油开发中的研究进展

乳液体系作为一种极具潜力的调驱体系和提高采收率手段,受到广泛的重视.相比于传统的表面活性剂制备的乳液体系,利用化学驱组分与纳米材料制备的乳状液通过润湿调控作用、贾敏效应以及降黏作用显著地提高了水驱后岩心的采收率.但是与传统乳液相比,新型的乳液驱油体系在界面性质特别是界面黏弹性方面存在显著的差异,而油水界面特性的改变都会显著地影响流体在多孔介质中的渗流规律以及微观孔隙尺度和宏观地层尺度下的压力响应特征.目前乳液体系在多孔介质中的渗流规律更多考虑其粒径与地层孔隙尺寸的匹配关系,并未充分考虑纳米材料对油水界面性质的影响.因此未来针对乳液体系的研究将更多侧重于纳米材料对乳液界面特性的影响和对其渗流规律的作用机制.     

热油管道焊缝热影响区金属腐蚀行为研究

由于焊接工艺的影响,焊缝形成的一系列非均匀连续变化的热影响区,是管线钢最为薄弱的组织环节.相对于母材来说,X70钢的热影响区为粗大的针状及块状铁素体+粒状贝氏体及少量珠光体形态,强度和耐蚀性较弱.因此通过Gleeble 3500热/力模拟试验机的两次热循环模拟高强钢焊缝的热影响区,以胜利原油为实验介质,通过浸泡实验和腐蚀形貌表征分析了热油输送过程中不同温度和输送速率下的热影响区金属腐蚀形貌.结果表明:温度和流速增大均会导致热影响区金属全面腐蚀速率增大.在30～50℃范围内,金属腐蚀形貌以点蚀为主,在50～70℃范围内,金属腐蚀形貌由点蚀特征向全面腐蚀特征转变;而在所研究的流速范围内(1～4 m·s-1),热影响区金属以全面腐蚀为主,金属表面呈现沿流速方向的冲刷腐蚀特征.     

新深101D井钻遇裂缝性地层气液多相流模拟

为预测石油钻井钻遇裂缝性地层所产生的气液置换现象,对新深101D井须家河组某井段钻遇某处裂缝性地层建立多相流模型进行数值模拟,分析裂缝大小、钻井液密度对气液置换现象的影响,分析模拟井段气液置换带来的井底压力变化规律.结果表明:所预测气液置换现象具有良好的可行性,裂缝大小及钻井液密度越大,相同时间内气液置换现象发生得越缓慢;裂缝-环空接触面上端置换速率最快,气液交界面挤压严重;钻井液密度为1800 kg·m-3时井底压力变化波动较小,呈线性趋势增长至稳定,但由于密度过大可能会损害其他薄弱地层,因此选取气液置换发生稳定且不压漏地层的钻井液密度,会使气液置换发生缓慢,减小井筒内外压差波动影响,有利于井控安全.     

Stimuli-Responsive Nanomaterials for Smart Tumor-Specific Phototherapeutics

Phototherapy, a type of photoresponsive regulation of biological activities, together with additional stimuli-responsive features, offers significant potential for enhancing the precision and efficacy of cancer treatments. To achieve tumor-specific therapeutics, numerous studies have focused on the development of smart phototherapeutic nanomaterials (PNMs) that can respond to endogenous pathological characteristics (e. g., mild acidity, the overproduction of glutathione, the overproduction of hydrogen peroxide, the overexpression of specific surface receptors, etc.) present in the tumor and/or exogenous stimuli. Such responsiveness can effectively improve the physicochemical properties, cellular uptake, tumor-targeting performance, and pharmacokinetic profile of PNMs. Herein, we will systematically discuss recent advances in this field. Moreover, potential challenges and future directions in the development of stimuli-responsive PNMs are also presented to support the development of this emerging cutting-edge research area.     

Design,Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Steroidal Glycoconjugates as Potential Antiproliferative Agents

To systematically evaluate the impact of neoglycosylation upon the anticancer activities and selectivity of steroids, four series of neoglycosides of diosgenin, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone and estrone were designed and synthesized according to the neoglycosylation approach. The structures of all the products were elucidated by NMR analysis, and the stereochemistry of C20-MeON-pregnenolone was confirmed by crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds′ cytotoxicity on five human cancer cell lines was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and structure–activity relationships (SAR) are discussed. 2-deoxy-d -glucoside 5 k displayed the most potent antiproliferative activities against HepG2 cells with an IC₅₀ value of 1.5 μM. Further pharmacological experiments on compound 5 k on HepG2 cells revealed that it could cause morphological changes and cell-cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and then induced the apoptosis, which might be associated with the enhanced expression of high-mobility group Box 1 (HMGB1). Taken together, these findings prove that the neoglycosylation of steroids could be a promising strategy for the discovery of potential antiproliferative agents.     

The Role of Chronic Inflammation in Various Diseases and Anti-inflammatory Therapies Containing Natural Products

Chronic inflammation represents a long-term reaction of the body's immune system to noxious stimuli. Such a sustained inflammatory response sometimes results in lasting damage to healthy tissues and organs. In fact, chronic inflammation is implicated in the development and progression of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancers. Targeting nonresolving inflammation thus provides new opportunities for treating relevant diseases. In this review, we will go over several chronic inflammation-associated diseases first with emphasis on the role of inflammation in their pathogenesis. Then, we will summarize a number of natural products that exhibit therapeutic effects against those diseases by acting on different markers in the inflammatory response. We envision that natural products will remain a rich resource for the discovery of new drugs treating diseases associated with chronic inflammation.