脲醛树脂基高分子材料改性研究

本文简要介绍了脲醛树脂基高分子材料的基本生产工艺流程,探索玻璃纤维、纳米蒙脱土、丁腈橡胶粉以及玉米淀粉种类和用量对脲醛树脂基高分子材料耐电击穿性能的影响。实验结果表明,选用玻璃纤维作为增强剂对脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度影响最为明显,纳米蒙脱土次之,玉米淀粉的加入对脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度影响不明显,而丁腈橡胶的加入对脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度有明显的下降趋势,改性后的脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度能超过17KV/mm,最佳耐压时间在100s以上。     

改性聚乙烯醇热塑加工性能的研究

采用自制小型柱塞式挤出装置研究了6种PVA改性体系的热塑加工性能。采用平板硫化机压膜,观察了不同体系的成膜性能。结果表明,改性剂在不同程度上改善了PVA的热塑加工性能;通过热压成型可以将改性PVA制成透明性很好的薄膜;小型柱塞式挤出装置可以有效地判断PVA改性体系的热塑加工性能。     

Surface Strain Redistribution on Structured Microfibers to Enhance Sensitivity of Fiber‐Shaped Stretchable Strain Sensors

Fiber‐shaped stretchable strain sensors with small testing areas can be directly woven into textiles. This paves the way for the design of integrated wearable devices capable of obtaining real‐time mechanical feedback for various applications. However, for a simple fiber that undergoes uniform strain distribution during deformation, it is still a big challenge to obtain high sensitivity. Herein, a new strategy, surface strain redistribution, is reported to significantly enhance the sensitivity of fiber‐shaped stretchable strain sensors. A new method of transient thermal curing is used to achieve the large‐scale fabrication of modified elastic microfibers with intrinsic microbeads. The proposed strategy is independent of the active materials utilized and can be universally applied for various active materials. The strategy used here will shift the vision of the sensitivity enhancement method from the active materials design to the mechanical design of the elastic substrate, and the proposed strategy can also be applied to nonfiber‐shaped stretchable strain sensors.     

立井冻结坚硬基岩段深孔爆破技术应用试验研究

为提高深冻结立井坚硬基岩段掘进速度,在已有的研究和施工经验的基础上,进行了立井冻结坚硬基岩段深孔爆破技术应用试验研究。结合现场条件和岩石情况,优选具有良好技术性能的SJZ-6.7型伞形钻架和高威力抗冻型岩石水胶炸药,采用双阶筒形直眼掏槽,并配以大直径炮眼和大直径药卷、长延期毫秒非电雷管,以及PVC塑料管防结冰抗挤压技术,并重点试用了大直径中心空孔(中心空孔直径100 mm)。试验研究达到了预期效果,在如此坚硬的岩石(f=12~16)中,实现了炮眼利用率91.7%,掘进循环进尺3.85 m。研究结果表明,大直径中心空孔对提高了爆破效率起到了关键作用,同时,还有效的改善了破碎块度,降低了大块率,利于抓装。     

亚临界干燥制备疏水SiO_2气凝胶

以Ｅ－４０（多聚硅氧烷）为硅源、三甲基氯硅烷的异丁醇溶液为干燥介质,用溶胶凝胶法,在亚临界条件下制备出疏水的ＳｉＯ２气凝胶．通过ＳＥＭ、孔径分布、比表面积、接触角以及红外光谱的测试对其物性进行了研究．结果表明,所制备的ＳｉＯ２气凝胶具有典型的纳米网络结构、比表面积大且具有疏水性能．亚临界干燥使得制备压力从６．４ＭＰａ降低到２．３ＭＰａ,降低了制备成本和风险,同时疏水性能提高了ＳｉＯ２气凝胶环境适应性,从而十分有利于气凝胶的商业应用．     

Mach—Zehnder干涉型光纤弱磁场传感器稳定性的研究

近年来,Mach—zehnder干涉型光纤弱磁场传感器的研究和应用获得了很大的发展,但是,外界环境因素的干扰始终影响着传感器的稳定性。本文选择直流相位跟踪法来保证传感器的稳定性,给出了理论阐述和具体电路。结果表明,该方法很好的消除了外界环境因素的干扰,保证了传感器的稳定性。     

Significance of Nanomaterials in Wearables: A Review on Wearable Actuators and Sensors

Together with the evolution of digital health care, the wearable electronics field has evolved rapidly during the past few years and is expected to be expanded even further within the first few years of the next decade. As the next stage of wearables is predicted to move toward integrated wearables, nanomaterials and nanocomposites are in the spotlight of the search for novel concepts for integration. In addition, the conversion of current devices and attachment‐based wearables into integrated technology may involve a significant size reduction while retaining their functional capabilities. Nanomaterial‐based wearable sensors have already marked their presence with a significant distinction while nanomaterial‐based wearable actuators are still at their embryonic stage. This review looks into the contribution of nanomaterials and nanocomposites to wearable technology with a focus on wearable sensors and actuators.     

天然气供热模式的探讨

阐述了天然气供热模式,包括天然气发电后用电供热、天然气热电联产供热、天然气锅炉直接供热、天然气发动机驱动热泵供热、天然气直燃机供热、天然气壁挂式热水器供热。对天然气供热模式的热效率火、用效率及成本进行了分析。     

形状尺寸自动检测系统的设计

综合运用机器视觉技术和数控技术设计了一套能实现多种形状尺寸自动检测的系统。该系统使用步进电机驱动二维数控平台,采用CCD摄像头和光栅分段采集被测零件的轮廓图像和坐标,运用轮廓自动跟踪算法实现零件完整轮廓坐标数据的自动获取,利用形状尺寸检测软件实现零件直线度、圆度、平行度、垂直度等的检测。实验结果表明所设计的形状尺寸自动检测系统自动化程度较高,检测精度可达微米级。     

计量型激光椭偏仪初始入射角校准方法的研究

为保证计量型激光椭偏仪测量结果的准确性,研究了一种初始入射角校准方法,通过线性位移台带动CCD相机进行一维运动,其运动轴作为空间线性辅助参考量,实现了椭偏仪的入射激光光轴与自准直仪光轴的90°校准。结果表明:采用该方法校准计量型激光椭偏仪的初始入射角,光轴俯仰角偏差＜0.05°,偏摆角偏差＜0.09°;校准后,对标称值为102.10nm的Si上SiO₂膜厚标准片进行测量,示值误差＜0.4nm,提升了计量型激光椭偏仪测量校准服务的准确性。