Set－up of a Pure Electron Plasma Device

An electron Penning-Malmberg trap,which can confine an electron column and provide a good platform to investigate the cross-filed transportation of strongly magnetized electron plasma ,has been set up.With the device,an electron plasma with a density of 10^7 cm^-3 can be confined for a relatively long time.The structure of the trap,electron source,as well as the way how th measure electron plasma density profile and velocity distrbustion are introduced in detail.     

减压渣油与FCC油浆共炭化的化学组成变化

考察了齐鲁石化胜利炼油厂催化油浆（FCC）和胜利减压渣油（VR）在490℃，0.8MPa下不同混合比的原料和不同反应时间的中间产物的HS、TS、PS、P及其1h中间产物的HS和TS的^1H-NMR。数据结果反映了体系的反应速度。掺入FCC油浆抑制了VR的反应活性，降低了体系的反应速度，增加了基质的溶解度；1h中间产物的组成结构更接近于原料及反应体系的反应性和基质的溶解度；1h中间产物的芳香度越高，取代基越少，侧链越短，基质对VR中的活性反应组分在炭化早期生成的高度缩合物质的溶解度越大。     

Top-Seeded Melt-Growth of YBa2Cus3Ox Crystals for Neutron Diffraction Studies

We have grown cubic centimeter-size crystals of YBa₂Cu₃O _x suitable for neutron studies, by a top-seeded melt-growth technique. Growth conditions were optimized with an eye toward maximizing phase purity. It was found that the addition of 2% Y₂BaCuO₅ and 0.5% Pt (by mass) were required to prevent melt loss and to obtain the highest crystallinity. A neutron diffraction study on a mosaic of six such crystals found that the final Y₂BaCuO₅ concentration was 5%, while other impurity phases comprised less than 1% by volume. The oxygen content was set to x = 6.5, the crystals were detwinned, and then carefully annealed to give the well-ordered ortho-II phase. The neutron study determined that 70% of the mosaic's volume was in the majority orthorhomic domain. The neutron (006) and (110) rocking curve widths were ～1° per crystal and ～2.2° for the mosaic, and the oxygen chain correlation lengths were >100 Å in the a- and b-directions and ～50 Å in the c-direction.     

纳米β-NiOOH的固相合成及其性能

首次利用固相氧化法制备了 β NiOOH纳米粉体样品 ,经X射线衍射和透射电镜测试结果表明所得样品 β NiOOH粒子呈球形 ,粒径大小在 2 0～ 40nm之间。热重与差热分析结果表明当温度超过 10 0℃ ,样品开始不可逆地分解为NiO。运用恒流充放电、循环伏安以及Tafel极化等电化学测试对样品的电化学性能进行了初步研究。结果表明 :β NiOOH的交换电流密度高于 β Ni(OH) 2 的交换电流密度约一个数量级 ,具有较好的电极可逆性、较高的质量比容量以及优良的容量保持率 ,适于作为Zn/NiOOH类型镍电池的正极活性材料     

多级机站通风新模式和矿井通风技术的新进展

文中详细论述了我国“九五”期间金属矿山在多级机站通风系统改造中涌现出的先进技术 ,反映了我国矿山通风技术的发展现状。同时 ,探讨了矿井通风技术的发展方向 ,对矿井通风系统的改造研究具有一定意义     

两段式热脱焦油煤气炉在环形加热炉上的开发应用

介绍了两段式煤气发生炉热脱焦油煤气在无缝钢管环形加热炉上的开发与应用 ,以及两段式煤气发生炉热脱焦油煤气站的设计和采用热脱焦油煤气代替重油所产生的经济效益     

Determination of molecular weight distributions of tert-octylphenol ethoxylate surfactant polymers by laser desorption Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography

Triton polymers are commercial surfactants whose molecular weight distributions are conventionally determined by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). However, in the case of the important octylphenol ethoxylates [p-C8H17-C6H4-O-(CH2CH2O)n-H], HPLC cannot resolve individual oligomers of high molecular weight Triton surfactants (e.g., greater than 2000 u or so; u = unified atomic mass unit). In this paper, we show that laser desorption Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (LD/FT/ICR/MS) provides a simple and accurate measure of such Triton surfactant molecular weight distributions up to at least 3500 u, based on a single-shot laser pulse measurement of a few seconds duration. Comparison of LD/FT/ICR/MS and HPLC molecular weight distributions of low molecular weight surfactants shows that laser desorption/ionization produces minimal fragmentation and thus offers an accurate measure of the relative abundances of the neutral oligomers, without the need for prior chromatographic separation of the components. Moreover, for all Triton polymer molecular weight distributions (700-3000 u), LD/FT/ICR/MS provides much more highly resolved profiles of oligomer relative abundances. Finally, LD/FT/ICR/MS reveals the presence of poly(ethylene oxide) side products of the polymerization process, which are not observed by HPLC with conventional ultraviolet absorption detection.     

佛山市中心组团桥梁群对河道影响的数值分析

在不同频率流量和阻水程度条件下,采用一维明渠非恒定流网河数学模型,分析规划中的佛山市桥梁群对区间河道洪季行洪、枯季水环境的影响,计算洪季不同频率洪峰流量下规划桥梁群对区间河道行洪洪水位、分流比的影响,枯季时规划桥梁群对区间河道过流量、分流比的影响,结果表明,利用一维网河数学模型计算佛山市中心组团规划桥梁群对区间河道断面平均水位、流量和流速的影响,结果有足够的数值精度,是可信的。     

A new efficient method for one‐pot conversions of aryl carboxylic acids into nitriles without solvent

A new efficient method for synthesising nitriles, important organic reagents, is reported in this paper. In an environmentally benign solvent‐free system, aryl carboxylic acids were converted into the corresponding nitriles via one‐pot reactions, by amidation with ethyl carbamate followed by dehydration with thionyl chloride, in excellent yields. The results showed that the method has the advantages of lower cost, higher yield, less pollution and greater ease of work‐up. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

锂离子电池有机电解液成膜添加剂的研究现状

文章综述了锂离子电池有机电解液成膜添加剂的作用原理，具体介绍了CO2、SO2、VC化合物、卤化物、有机铜盐以及马来酐等添加剂的研究现状。