Effect of deposition time on microstructures and growth behavior of ZrC coatings prepared by low pressure chemical vapor deposition with the Br<Subscript>2</Subscript>-Zr-C<Subscript>3</Subscript>H<Subscript>6</Subscript>-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>-Ar System

ZrC coatings were deposited on graphite substrates by low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) with the Br₂-Zr-C₃H₆-H₂-Ar system. The effects of deposition time on the microstructures and growth behavior of ZrC coatings were investigated. ZrC coating grew in an island-layer mode. The formation of coating was dominated by the nucleation of ZrC in the initial 20 minutes, and the rapid nucleation generated a fine-grained structure of ZrC coating. When the deposition time was over 30 min, the growth of coating was dominated by that of crystals, giving a column-arranged structure. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed that the molar ratio of carbon to zirconium was near 1:1 in ZrC coating, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that ZrC was the main phase in coatings, accompanied by about 2.5mol% ZrO₂ minor phase.     

Differential amplification method for flow structures analysis of centrifugal pump between design and off-design points

Journal of Central South University - The three-dimensional internal flow field of centrifugal pump is complex and variable with design parameters and operation conditions. The post-processing...     

基于悬停四旋翼位置姿态信息的风场估计方法研究

基于四旋翼飞行器悬停状态下的位置及姿态信息,提出了一种离线的风场估计方法。首先根据Dryden大气紊流模型建立了四旋翼飞行器所处的风场环境,并通过分析有风情况下旋翼升力的变化,得到旋翼升力与风场信息(风速、风向)的函数关系式;接着利用牛顿-欧拉方法推导出有风扰动下的四旋翼动力学方程,并进一步设计了用于保持飞行器悬停状态的PID控制器;最后,基于悬停状态下四旋翼飞行器的位置姿态信息,计算得到飞行器所处的风场环境信息。MATLAB仿真结果表明所提方法在有紊流干扰的情况下,能够有效地提取出风场环境里的主风信息。     

Electrochemical behavior of magnolol on FeWO<Subscript>4</Subscript> nanoflower modified carbon paste electrode

In order to establish a simple, sensitive, and fast reliable detection method to determine the magnolol, FeWO₄ nanoflower was synthesised through a solvothermal technique and FeWO₄ nanoflower modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) was developed. The voltammetric behavior of magnolol on the modified electrodes was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The experimental results showed that the modified electrode remarkably enhanced the electrochemical response of the magnolol and exhibited a wide linear range for determination of the magnolol from 1.0×10^-7 to 1.0×10^-4 mol/L with a low detection limit of 5.0×10^-8 mol/L.     

基于LDA和word2vec的英文作文跑题检测

针对目前国内的英语作文辅助批阅系统缺少准确而高效的跑题检测算法的问题,提出了一种结合LDA和Word2vec的跑题检测算法。该算法利用LDA模型对文档建模并通过Word2vec对文档训练,利用得到的文档主题和词语之间的语义关系,对文档中各主题及其特征词计算概率加权和,最终通过设定合理阈值筛选出跑题作文。实验中通过改变文档的主题数而得到的不同F值,确定了最佳主题数。实验结果表明所提出的方法比基于向量空间模型的方法更具有效性,可以检测到更多的跑题作文并且准确率较高,F值达到89%以上,实现了作文跑题检测的智能化处理,可以有效地应用在英语作文教学中。     

Tri-level programming model for combined urban traffic signal control and traffic flow guidance

In order to balance the temporal-spatial distribution of urban traffic flow, a model is established for combined urban traffic signal control and traffic flow guidance. With consideration of the wide use of fixed signal control at intersections, traffic assignment under traffic flow guidance, and dynamic characteristics of urban traffic management, a tri-level programming model is presented. To reflect the impact of intersection delay on traffic assignment, the lower level model is set as a modified user equilibrium model. The middle level model, which contains several definitional constraints for different phase modes, is built for the traffic signal control optimization. To solve the problem of tide lane management, the upper level model is built up based on nonlinear 0-1 integer programming. A heuristic iterative optimization algorithm(HIOA) is set up to solve the tri-level programming model. The lower level model is solved by method of successive averages(MSA), the middle level model is solved by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA II), and the upper level model is solved by genetic algorithm(GA). A case study is raised to show the efficiency and applicability of the proposed modelling and computing method.     

火驱燃烧前缘位置预测与影响因素研究

及时掌握火驱过程中火线的位置,有助于进行生产调控,通过调研现场预测火线位置的方法,得出一套针对不同特征油藏的适用方法:红外照相法适用于浅层油藏;用测温元件直接测试法适用于观察井和生产井密集的油藏;生产动态和物质平衡相结合的方法适用于均质性好且井网形式规范的油藏;示踪剂监测和生产动态相结合的方法适用于非均质性严重或井网形式不规范的油藏;压降试井法由于计算复杂,有待进一步研究。最后指出应在前期地质筛选的基础上,做到"少注气、多采油",并结合生产动态分析加强对油井的管理,引导燃烧前缘均匀稳定的推进。     

多约束条件下矩阵方程AXA~T=B的最小二乘解

为了求解大型矩阵方程的多约束优化问题,基于Dykstra交替投影算法和相关的矩阵分解理论,提出了求解矩阵方程AXAT=B的多约束条件下的最小二乘解的迭代算法,并讨论了算法的收敛性。数值实验验证了算法的有效性。     

一种重力势能驱动小车的设计与实现

结合大学生工程训练综合能力竞赛要求,开发了一种以重力势能驱动的具有方向控制功能的自行小车。该小车能按"S"轨迹自动行走并依次绕过赛道上设置的等间距障碍物,还能通过简单调节结构参数,适应障碍物的间距变化。通过对小车的机械系统进行精心设计和详细分析,从小车结构、装配以及调试等方面探讨了如何提高小车的运行精度以及稳定性等问题。实验结果表明:小车结构简单、运行平稳、轨迹准确,可较好地实现"S"轨迹自行越障功能,对此类小车的设计和工作性能提高有一定的参考价值。     

粉末注射成形Fe-50%Ni软磁合金

Fe-50%Ni合金是一种典型的高磁导率和低矫顽力的软磁材料,有着广阔的应用前景.本次实验以羰基铁粉和羰基镍粉为原料粉末,采用注射成形方法制取Fe-50%Ni软磁合金,研究了高能球磨制备粉末对注射成形工艺以及材料性能的影响.研究结果表明与未经过高能球磨的混合粉末相比,高能球磨改变了原料粉末的粒度和粒度组成,提高了粉末的振实密度,进而提高了装载量.通过显微组织分析得知,高能球磨能使两种粉末发生塑性变形并冷焊合,形成了复合粉,促进了两种成分之间发生扩散和固态反应,同时还增加了粉末颗粒的能量,使颗粒表面活化,促进了烧结,提高了烧结材料的致密度.本实验最终获得了高性能的软磁合金材料磁导率41.27 mH/m,饱和磁感应强度1.498 T,矫顽力7.533 A/m.所得到的软磁材料性能优于相应传统粉末冶金方法获得的材料性能.