Durability of nano ZnO antibacterial cotton fabric to sweat

In this article, an innovative method was put forward to evaluate the endurance of nano ZnO finished fabrics to sweat. The atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the concentration of zinc in immersion liquor, and at the same time, SEM experiments and biocidal tests were chosen to characterize the antibacterial performance. Half‐life time (t_1/2) of zinc concentration on the fabric was introduced to evaluate the durability to sweat. The results indicated that nano ZnO antibacterial cotton fabric was relatively sensitive to acid artificial sweat while durable in saline or alkaline solution, the t_1/2 exceeded 3000 min in them. SEM characterization and biocidal tests showed the same behavior. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103:412–416, 2007     

Mechanism of the particle formation during the oxidative polymerization of 2,6‐dimethylphenol in an aqueous medium

The changes of the molecular weight and particle size with time during the oxidative polymerization of 2,6‐dimethylphenol in an aqueous medium were studied. At the beginning of the oxidative polymerization, the oligomers with the hydrophilic phenoxy anion at the end of oligomer chains are formed rapidly in the aqueous medium. When the molecular weight of the oligomer reaches up to a critical value, the oligomer precipitates out from the water, resulting in the formation of the original particle (or domain). With the increase of the molecular weight, the concentration of the phenoxy anion and the surface charge density of the original particles decrease; therefore, the repulsion force between original particles weaken and the stability of particles in water decreases, resulting in the coagulation of the original particle and the formation of the primary particle. With the further progression of the polymerization, the primary particles coagulate and final particles are formed. A three‐stage mechanism of the particle formation is proposed, that is, the particle nucleation, first coagulation, and second coagulation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3649–3653, 2007     

Preparation and Properties of Natural Sand Particles Reinforced Epoxy Composites

An epoxy composite using Cancun natural hydrophobic sand particle as filler material was fabricated in this study. Three point bending tests demonstrated an enhancement of 7.5 and 8.7% in flexural strength and flexural modulus, respectively, of epoxy composite containing 1 wt.‐% sand particles without any chemical treatment involved, compared to the pristine epoxy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies revealed that the fracture toughness of the epoxy matrix was enhanced owing to the presence of sand particles in an epoxy/sand composite. Through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermal mechanical analysis (TMA) methods, it was found that the storage modulus (E′), glass transition temperature (T_g) and dimensional stability of the sand particles/epoxy composites were increased compared to the pristine epoxy. The friction behavior of epoxy/sand system reflected that the microstructure of epoxy composites was steady. These experimental results suggest that Cancun sand, as a freshly found natural micron porous material, may find promising applications in composite materials.

     

强化金属材料强化系数对矫直机辊缝设定的影响分析

介绍了金属带材弹塑性变形弯曲基本理论和概念,建立了过拉伸因子OS(Overstrech fac-tor)与塑区比P(rate of plastification)之间的对应关系,指出金属带材在反复弯曲过程中,变形程度最大处OS取值为7比较合理,此时金属带材变形塑区比为85%。对强化金属材料强化系数对矫直机辊缝设定的影响进行了模拟计算和分析,结果表明:要想达到相同的塑区比,强化系数越大,所需的压下量就越大;但当强化系数小于0.01时,与理想金属材料相比,增大的压下量微乎其微,可按理想金属材料近似处理,根据某精整分厂现有产品大纲,带钢的强化系数一般不超过0.01,因此在辊缝预设定模型中,为了简化计算,均按理想金属材料处理,对带钢矫直效果无明显影响。     

碟形弹簧的模压淬火

图1所示的碟形弹簧是夹具系统的重要零件之一.工作时碟形弹簧承受交变应力,因此要求它有高的弹性极限及屈强比,以保证多次受力不产生塑性变形.在精度方面要求虽不算高,但两端面的接触带(支承面)因组合需要,必须平行并与轴向垂直,不能有翘曲.     

Spectroscopic properties of Er-doped and Er/Yb-codoped PbF2–MOx (M = Te, Ge, B) oxyfluoride glasses

A series of Er³⁺-doped and Er³⁺/Yb³⁺-codoped lead germanate (GP), lead tellurite (TP) and lead borate (BP) transparent oxyfluoride glasses were synthesized. Spectroscopic characteristics of these materials were systemically measured. The Judd–Ofelt parameters were calculated according to absorption spectra. F⁻ ions have a strong effect on refractive index (n) and phonon energy of the host. Intense red and green upconversion is closely related to phonon energy, J–O parameters and sensitizer. The GPEY-2 glass (53GeO₂–43PbF₂–0.5Er₂O₃–2Yb₂O₃) shows good transparency and fairly strong upconversion emissions.     

磷硫氮协同阻燃剂在纯棉织物上的应用研究

磷硫氮协同阻燃剂具有膨胀、抗熔滴等特性。本研究以双三羟甲基丙烷、三氯氧磷和硫脲为母体,合成了双三羟甲基丙烷双磷酸酯硫脲盐（DDTS）,探究其在纯棉织物上的应用工艺和阻燃效果。实验结果表明,该阻燃剂的优化阻燃整理工艺为：阻燃剂DDTS 250g/L,pH值7,焙烘温度不高于150℃,焙烘时间为90-120s。阻燃棉织物达到B1级,白度和强力保持较好。     

基于改进LMD和IED-SampEn的齿轮故障特征提取方法

提出基于改进的局部均值分解(Local mean decomposition,LMD)和瞬时能量分布(Instantaneous energy distribution,IED)-样本熵(Sample entropy,Samp En)的齿轮故障特征提取方法。针对LMD存在的端点效应问题,提出最大相似系数法改进的LMD方法,该方法通过在信号内部寻找与两端指定波段相似系数最大的波段,来实现端点效应的改善。进行仿真验证,结果表明该方法能有效改善LMD的端点效应问题。采用改进的LMD方法分解信号得到瞬时幅值函数,由此可以获得信号的瞬时能量分布,将其作为样本熵输入获得IED-Samp En,通过试验研究并与PF-Samp En进行对比,结果表明IED-Samp En能够合理地、有效地反应齿轮的故障状态,作为齿轮振动信号的特征矢量具有典型性,可以作为一种有效的故障特征。     

Vehicle active steering control research based on two-DOF robust internal model control

Because of vehicle’s external disturbances and model uncertainties, robust control algorithms have obtained popularity in vehicle stability control. The robust control usually gives up performance in order to guarantee the robustness of the control algorithm, therefore an improved robust internal model control(IMC) algorithm blending model tracking and internal model control is put forward for active steering system in order to reach high performance of yaw rate tracking with certain robustness. The proposed algorithm inherits the good model tracking ability of the IMC control and guarantees robustness to model uncertainties. In order to separate the design process of model tracking from the robustness design process, the improved 2 degree of freedom(DOF) robust internal model controller structure is given from the standard Youla parameterization. Simulations of double lane change maneuver and those of crosswind disturbances are conducted for evaluating the robust control algorithm, on the basis of a nonlinear vehicle simulation model with a magic tyre model. Results show that the established 2-DOF robust IMC method has better model tracking ability and a guaranteed level of robustness and robust performance, which can enhance the vehicle stability and handling, regardless of variations of the vehicle model parameters and the external crosswind interferences. Contradiction between performance and robustness of active steering control algorithm is solved and higher control performance with certain robustness to model uncertainties is obtained.     

铝波导真空钎焊

试验证明,铝波导滤波器的理想钎焊方法是真空钎焊。基体材料为LF21铝合金。钎料为Al-11.5Si-1.5Mg 和Al-7Si-1.5Mg。部件的钎焊温度为605～615℃,其真空度为1×10~(-5)Tor,试验指出,在真空钎焊时,铝的氧化膜并不能去除,熔化钎料是沿着金属和氧化膜之间的界面铺展的,氧化膜被举起,熔化钎料沿铝表面流动。因此,毛细作用微弱,且不能很好地形成连续的钎缝。为了提高毛细作用和得到连续的圆角,部件表面进行了局部打磨,而在真空腔内放置了“工艺罩”,在罩内放置了适当量的镁块。试验证明这是有效的:钎料的润湿和铺展非常好;流动距离和填充间隙能力提高了两倍;而组合件一次可以满意地焊成,且不会产生腐蚀和明显变形,从而不需焊后清洗和修整.