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排序方式: 共有1335条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Dash RK Somersalo E Cabrera ME Calvetti D 《Computer methods and programs in biomedicine》2007,85(3):247-256
The reconstruction of an unknown input function from noisy measurements in a biological system is an ill-posed inverse problem. Any computational algorithm for its solution must use some kind of regularization technique to neutralize the disastrous effects of amplified noise components on the computed solution. In this paper, following a hierarchical Bayesian statistical inversion approach, we seek estimates for the input function and regularization parameter (hyperparameter) that maximize the posterior probability density function. We solve the maximization problem simultaneously for all unknowns, hyperparameter included, by a suitably chosen quasi-Newton method. The optimization approach is compared to the sampling-based Bayesian approach. We demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the deconvolution algorithm by applying it to reconstructing the time courses of mitochondrial oxygen consumption during muscle state transitions (e.g., from resting state to contraction and recovery), from the simulated noisy output of oxygen concentration dynamics on the muscle surface. The model of oxygen transport and metabolism in skeletal muscle assumes an in vitro cylindrical structure of the muscle in which the oxygen from the surrounding oxygenated solution diffuses into the muscle and is then consumed by the muscle mitochondria. The algorithm can be applied to other deconvolution problems by suitably replacing the forward model of the system. 相似文献
42.
43.
Potentilla fulgens, a member of the family Rosaceae, has been known since ancient times in Northeast India for its antiparasitic, antitumour and antidiabetic properties. The crude ethanolic extract of the plant was assayed against Raillietina echinobothrida, the intestinal cestode parasite of domestic fowl to authenticate the putative anthelmintic efficacy and cestocidal potential in particular of the plant. Treatment of the worm in-vitro with 25, 50 and 100 mg of crude extract per ml of phosphate buffered saline caused paralysis leading to death taking 4.02-4.20, 3.05-3.75 and 2.05-2.83 h respectively. Scanning electron microscopic observations on treated worms revealed deformation of surface architecture, particularly in scolex and surface microtriches. Severe distortion and disorganization of the tegumental and subtegumental layer along with cytoplasmic organelle was also observed under transmission electron microscope. The possible use of the plant as a potential anthelmintic against cestode parasite is discussed. 相似文献
44.
Dynamic slicing is a promising trace based technique that helps programmers in the process of debugging. In order to debug a failed run, dynamic slicing requires the dynamic dependence graph (DDG) information for that particular run. The two major challenges involved in utilizing dynamic slicing as a debugging technique are the efficient computation of the DDG and the efficient computation of the dynamic slice, given the DDG. In this paper, we present an efficient debugger, which first computes the DDG efficiently while the program is executing; dynamic slicing is later performed efficiently on the computed DDG, on demand. To minimize program slowdown during the online computation of DDG, we make the design decision of not outputting the computed dependencies to a file, instead, storing them in memory in a specially allocated fixed size circular buffer. The size of the buffer limits the length of the execution history that can be stored. To maximize the execution history that can be maintained, we introduce optimizations to eliminate the storage of most of the generated dependencies, at the same time ensuring that those that are stored are sufficient to capture the bug. Experiments conducted on CPU‐intensive programs show that our optimizations are able to reduce the trace rate from 16 to 0.8 bytes per executed instruction. This enables us to store the dependence trace history for a window of 20 million executed instructions in a 16‐MB buffer. Our debugger is also very efficient, yielding slicing times of around a second, and only slowing down the execution of the program by a factor of 19 during the online tracing step. Using recently proposed architectural support for monitoring, we are also able to handle multithreaded programs running on multicore processors. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
45.
Manish Ranjan 《集成电路应用》2006,(3):26-29
在当今飞速发展的电子环境中,芯片制造商和封装技术供应商们发现传统的前段制造设备,诸如光刻步进器等,可能会实现成本高效的后段工艺流程(BEOL)器件封装。尽管高级封装市场的发展空间最初是被PCs行业的蓬勃发展带动起来的,但是现在它们已经不再是主要的增长催化因素。通信以及手持设备,如手机、PDAs(个人数字助理)、便携式游戏机以及个人通讯系统正在成为新增长阶段的推动因素。随着数字消费应用的爆炸式发展一陛能和波形系统成为必须启用高级封装(AP)技术的必要条件。在未来五年内,预计通讯芯片组、图形处理器、集成无源元件以及高速PC内存元件将成为AP技术的主要诉求。随着领先的逻辑芯片制造商们需求量的不断增大,我们共同见证了AP市场的成长过程。然而,这一细分市场的另一个转折点可能会来自高速PC内存元件对高级封装技术的诉求。 相似文献
46.
Correlation between ionic conductivity and fluidity of polymer gel electrolytes containing NH4CF3SO3
Nonaqueous polymer gel electrolytes containing ammonium triflate (NH4CF3SO3) and dimethylacetamide (DMA) with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as the gelling polymer have been synthesized which show high
value of conductivity (~ 10-2 S/cm) at 25°C. The conductivity of polymer gel electrolytes containing different concentrations of NH4CF3SO3 shows a small decrease with the addition of PMMA and this has been correlated with the variation of fluidity of these gel
electrolytes. The small decrease in conductivity with PMMA addition shows that polymer plays the role of stiffener and this
is supported by FTIR results which also indicates the absence of any active interaction between polymer and NH4CF3SO3 in these gel electrolytes. 相似文献
47.
Kaushik Patel Jagdish Prajapati Rajiv Vaidya S. G. Patel 《Bulletin of Materials Science》2005,28(5):405-410
Single crystals of the lamellar compound, ZrSe3, were grown by chemical vapour transport technique using iodine as a transporting agent. The grown crystals were characterized
with the help of energy dispersive analysis by X-ray (EDAX), which gave confirmation about the stoichiometry. The optical
band gap measurement of as grown crystals was carried out with the help of optical absorption spectra in the range 700–1450
nm. The indirect as well as direct band gap of ZrSe3 were found to be 1.1 eV and 1.47 eV, respectively. The resistivity of the as grown crystals was measured using van der Pauw
method. The Hall parameters of the grown crystals were determined at room temperature from Hall effect measurements. Electrical
resistivity measurements were performed on this crystal in the temperature range 303–423 K. The crystals were found to exhibit
semiconducting nature in this range. The activation energy and anisotropy measurements were carried out for this crystal.
Pressure dependence of electrical resistance was studied using Bridgman opposed anvils set up up to 8 GPa. The semiconducting
nature of ZrSe3 single crystal was inferred from the graph of resistance vs pressure. The results obtained are discussed in detail. 相似文献
48.
Majority of the products can be assembled in several ways that means the same final product can be realized by different sequences of assembly operations. Different degree of difficulty is associated with each sequence of assembly operation and such difficulties are caused by the different mechanical constraints forced by the different sequences of operations. In the past, few notable attempts have been made to represent and enumerate the degree of difficulty associated with an assembly sequence (in the form of triangular fuzzy number) by using the concept of assembly graph. However, such representation schemes do not possess the capabilities to model the user's reasoning and preferences. In this research, an intelligent Petri net model that combines the abilities of modelling, planning and performance evaluation for assembly operation is presented. This modelling tool can represent the issues concerning degree of difficulty associated with assembly sequences. The proposed mechanism is enhanced expert high-level colored fuzzy Petri net (EEHLCFPN) that is a hybrid of knowledge-based system and colored Petri net. An example encompassing assembly of subassemblies is considered to efficiently delineate the modelling capabilities of proposed hybrid petri net model. 相似文献
49.
The paper reports an investigation into the effect of interfacial friction law during the forging of a powder circular disc
with large slenderness ratio(L/D), between two flat dies. The deformation pattern during the operation is influenced by many factors, which interact with each
other in a complex manner. The relative velocity between the work piece material and the die surface, together with high interfacial
pressure and/or deformation modes, creates the conditions essential for adhesion in addition to sliding. The decisive factors
are the interfacial conditions, initial relative density of the preform and geometry of the preform. An attempt has been made
to determine the most realistic interfacial friction law and die pressures developed during such forging using an upper bound
approach. The results so obtained are presented graphically and discussed critically to illustrate the interaction of various
interfacial friction laws involved. 相似文献
50.